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71.
72.
Aihara H Alston-Garnjost M Bakken JA Barbaro-Galtieri A Barnes AV Barnett BA Blumenfeld BJ Bross AD Buchanan CD Chamberlain O Chien C Clark AR Cordier A Dahl OI Day CT Derby KA Eberhard PH Fancher DL Fujii H Fujii T Gabioud B Gary JW Gorn W Hadley NJ Hauptman JM Hofmann W Huth JE Hylen J Kamae T Kaye HS Kenney RW Kerth LT Koda RI Kofler RR Kwong KK Layter JG Lindsey CS Loken SC Lu X Lynch GR Madansky L Madaras RJ Maruyama K Marx JN Matthews JA Melnikoff SO Moses W Nemethy P Nygren DR Oddone PJ 《Physical review letters》1985,54(4):274-277
73.
Aihara H Alston-Garnjost M Armitage JC Bakken JA Barbaro-Galtieri A Barker AR Barnes AV Barnett BA Bengtsson H Bintinger DL Blumenfeld BJ Bobbink GJ Bross AD Buchanan CD Buijs A Cain MP Caldwell DO Chamberlain O Chien C Clark AR Cordier A Dahl OI Day CT Derby KA van Driel MA Eberhard PH Eisner AM Erné FC Fancher DL Fujii H Fujii T Gabioud B Gary JW Gorn W Hadley NJ Hauptman JM Hofmann W Huth JE Hylen J Joshi UP Kamae T Kaye HS Kees KH Kenney RW Kerth LT Ko W Koda RI Kofler RR Kwong KK 《Physical review letters》1985,54(24):2564-2567
74.
The secretor status of ABH antigens, determined by FUT2 polymorphisms, affects susceptibility to various infectious diseases. In addition to many SNPs responsible for the nonsecretor phenotype, five nonfunctional alleles (se) resulting from copy number variations have been reported. One of the five alleles generated by an unequal crossover between FUT2 and a pseudogene (SEC1), is sefus. This allele may be misidentified as a functional allele if only common inactivating SNPs are genotyped because it contains the 3ʹ region of the functional FUT2. Therefore, accurate detection of sefus is desirable. For this purpose, a high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis is developed for detection of sefus in which a 284bp fragment of SEC1 and sefus but not FUT2, are amplified. This HRM analysis detected sefus reliably. Thus, an initial screening or prescreening for sefus using HRM analysis seems to be useful for association studies of FUT2. 相似文献
75.
76.
Yuya Koda 《Mathematische Zeitschrift》2008,260(1):203-228
Branched spines of three-manifolds can be used to represent the homotopy class of vector fields on the ambient manifolds.
In this paper, we introduce a way to present branched spines as Heegaard-type diagrams, punctured Heegaard diagrams, and explain a way to compute the Reidemeister–Turaev torsion using these diagrams. 相似文献
77.
Nakatani K Ogura Y Koda Y Terashima T Sawamoto M 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2012,134(9):4373-4383
Sequence regulation of monomers is undoubtedly a challenging issue as an ultimate goal in polymer science. To efficiently produce sequence-controlled copolymers, we herein developed the versatile tandem catalysis, which concurrently and/or sequentially involved ruthenium-catalyzed living radical polymerization and in situ transesterification of methacrylates (monomers: RMA) with metal alkoxides (catalysts) and alcohols (ROH). Typically, gradient copolymers were directly obtained from the synchronization of the two reactions: the instantaneous monomer composition in feed gradually changed via the transesterification of R(1)MA into R(2)MA in the presence of R(2)OH during living polymerization to give R(1)MA/R(2)MA gradient copolymers. The gradient sequence of monomers along a chain was catalytically controlled by the reaction conditions such as temperature, concentration and/or species of catalysts, alcohols, and monomers. The sequence regulation of multimonomer units was also successfully achieved in one-pot by monomer-selective transesterification in concurrent tandem catalysis and iterative tandem catalysis, providing random-gradient copolymers and gradient-block counterparts, respectively. In contrast, sequential tandem catalysis via the variable initiation of either polymerization or in situ transesterification led to random or block copolymers. Due to the versatile adaptability of common and commercially available reagents (monomers, alcohols, catalysts), this tandem catalysis is one of the most efficient, convenient, and powerful tools to design tailor-made sequence-regulated copolymers. 相似文献
78.
Okuma K Koda M Maekawa S Shioji K Inoue T Kurisaki T Wakita H Yokomori Y 《Organic & biomolecular chemistry》2006,4(14):2745-2752
The reaction of adamantane-2-thione with propiolic acid afforded a novel type of cycloadduct, spiro[adamantane-2,2'-6'H-[1,3]-oxathiin]-6'-one (3a), in quantitative yield. The reaction of thiobenzophenone with propiolic acid gave 2,2-diphenyl-6'H-[1,3]-oxathiin]-6'-one and 4-phenyl-3-thia-3,4-dihydronaphthoic acid in 34% and 35% yields, respectively. The reaction might proceed through a concerted process, as confirmed by kinetics. The reaction of adamantane-2-thione with 2-butynoic acid or phenylpropiolic acid gave the corresponding adducts regioselectively. Interestingly, only one isomer was obtained by the reaction of thiofenchone with propiolic acid, suggesting that the reaction proceeded diastereospecifically. Oxidation of adducts by dimethyldioxirane or m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid gave the corresponding sulfoxides and sulfones. The sulfoxides were thermally decomposed to give disulfide or another type of 1,3-oxathiin-6-one. 相似文献
79.
Hiroyasu Nomura Satoru Ando Tatsuro Matsuoka Shinobu Koda 《Journal of Molecular Liquids》2004,110(1-3):57-62
Stationary ultrasonically induced birefringence in various polymer solutions was measured in order to investigate its relation to the anisotropy in polarizability of a polymer chain. From the concentration dependence of stationary ultrasonically induced birefringence in polystyrene–toluene, polycarbonate–chloroform and polybutadiene–toluene solutions, the intrinsic values of the birefringence were obtained. A linear relationship between the intrinsic value of the birefringence per segment and the segmental anisotropy in polarizability was obtained. In aqueous solutions of polyelectrolytes, sodium polystyrenesulfonate and tetramethylammonium polystyrenesulfonate, the birefringence decreased with ionic strength by the addition of the salts. The stationary birefringence per ultrasonic intensity for all polymer solutions investigated here decreased with increasing frequency. 相似文献
80.
Yuya Koda 《manuscripta mathematica》2007,123(3):285-299
We prove that an invariant of closed 3-manifolds, called the block number, which is defined via flow-spines, equals the Heegaard genus, except for S
3 and S
2 × S
1. We also show that the underlying 3-manifold is uniquely determined by a neighborhood of the singularity of a flow-spine.
This allows us to encode a closed 3-manifold by a sequence of signed labeled symbols. The behavior of the encoding under the
connected sum and a criterion for reducibility are studied. 相似文献