Field-induced magnetic form factor of lutetium

The conduction electron field-induced magnetic form factor of Lu, a rare earth metal with a closed 4f shell, has been measured using the polarized neutron technique. The measurements demonstrate that the conduction electron density is more spatially extended than in the free atom. The experimental results are in good agreement with band calculations of the $\text{spin}$ magnetic form factor.     

Temperature dependence of the absorption coefficient of CH2O at the 3.508 μm HeXe laser line

The observed temperature and pressure dependence (for 700?T, °K?2100, 0.44?p, atm?2.7) of the spectral absorption coefficient of formaldehyde at the HeXe laser line at 3.508 μm may be accounted for by assuming that the principal contribution at elevated temperatures is made by an isolated, distant line in the ground vibrational state.     

A theory of mixtures with microstructure

Zusammenfassung Eine Theorie der Mischungen von Flüssigkeiten mit Mikrostruktur wird von einem Energiepostulat hergeleitet, wobei das Prinzip der Indifferenz des Bezugssystems benutzt wird. Es werden Definitionen für die Wärmeproduktion der Mischung, innere Energie, Wärmeströmung und Spannungen gegeben, welche mit denjenigenTruesdells übereinstimmen.     

A study of the reaction p+d → 3He+π0 in the resonance region

The reaction $\text{p}\text{+}\text{d}\text{→}{}^3\text{He}\text{+ π}{}^0$ was studied at incident proton energies of 377, 462 and 576 MeV. A comparison of our data with others suggests the existence of a sharp forward peak in θ_He at 377 and 462 MeV, which is unexplained by the theory and disappears at higher energies.     

Structure and gas transport characteristics of triethylene oxide-grafted polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-polystyrene

Polymeric membrane-based gas separation technology has significant advantages compared with traditional amine-based CO₂ separation method. In this work, SEBS block copolymer is used as a polymer matrix to incorporate triethylene oxide (TEO) functionality. The short ethylene oxide segment is chosen to avoid crystallization, which is confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and wide-angle X-ray scattering characterizations. The gas permeability results reveal that CO₂/N₂ selectivity increased with increasing content of TEO functional group. The highest CO₂ permeability (281 Barrer) and CO₂/N₂ selectivity (31) were obtained for the membrane with the highest TEO incorporation (57 mol%). Increasing the TEO content in these copolymers results in an increase in CO₂ solubility and a decrease in C₂H₆ solubility. For example, as the grafted TEO content increased from 0 to 57 mol%, the CO₂ solubility and CO₂/C₂H₆ solubility selectivity increased from 0.72 to 1.3 cm³(STP)/cm³ atm and 0.47 to 1.3 at 35°C, respectively. The polar ether linkage in TEO-grafted SEBS copolymers exhibits favorable interaction with CO₂ and unfavorable interaction with nonpolar C₂H₆, thus enhancing CO₂/C₂H₆ solubility selectivity.     

Polymerized rodlike nanoparticles with controlled surface charge density

Stable rodlike nanoparticles with highly controlled surface charge density have been developed by the free radical polymerization of the mixture of polymerizable cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium 4-vinylbenzoate (CTVB), and hydrotropic salt sodium 4-styrenesulfonate (NaSS) in aqueous solution. The surface charge of the polymerized CTVB/NaSS rodlike nanoparticles was controlled by varying the NaSS concentration during the polymerization process, and the charge variation was interpreted in terms of the overcharging effect in colloidal systems. The SANS measurements show that the diameter of the polymerized CTVB/NaSS rodlike nanoparticles is constant at 4 nm and the particle length ranges from 24 to 85 nm, depending on the NaSS concentration. The polymerized particles are longest when the NaSS concentration is 5 mol % which corresponds to the charge inversion or neutral point. The SANS and zeta potential measurements show that the Coulomb interactions between the particles are strongly dependent on the NaSS concentration and the zeta potential of the polymerized CTVB/NaSS nanoparticles changes from positive to negative (+12.8 approximately -44.2 mV) as the concentration of NaSS increases from 0 to 40 mol %. As the NaSS concentration is further increased, the zeta potential is saturated at approximately -50 mV.     

Investigation of encapsulation of insulin biotemplate within C-methylresorcin[4]arenes

Solution structure of insulin templated C-methyl resorcin[4]arene nanocapsules has been investigated using neutron scattering. The insulin biotemplate has enhanced the limits of encapsulation and enabled formation of a larger spherical molecular host.     

Germaindacenodithiophene based low band gap polymers for organic solar cells

We report the first synthesis of a fused germaindacenodithiophene monomer and its polymerisation with 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole by Suzuki polycondensation. The resulting polymer, PGeTPTBT, is semicrystalline, despite the presence of four bulky 2-ethylhexyl groups. Blends with P(70)CBM afford solar cells with efficiencies of 5.02%.     

Improved determination of the bisphosphonate alendronate in human plasma and urine by automated precolumn derivatization and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence and electrochemical detection.

An improved method for the determination of 4-amino-1-hydroxybutane-1,1-bisphosphonic acid (alendronate) in human urine and an assay in human plasma are described. The methods are based on co-precipitation of the bisphosphonate with calcium phosphates, automated pre-column derivatization of the primary amino group of the bisphosphonic acid with 2,3-naphthalene dicarboxyaldehyde (NDA)-N-acetyl-D-penicillamine (NAP) or cyanide (CN-) reagents, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical (ED) or fluorescence detection (FD). The feasibility of ED of the NDA-CN- derivative of aldendronate has been demonstrated, and a HPLC-ED assay in human urine has been validated in the concentration range 2.5-50.0 ng/ml. In order to eliminate the cyanide ion from the assay procedure, several other nucleophiles in the NDA derivatization reaction were evaluated. An NDA-NAP reagent was found to produce highly fluorescent derivatives of alendronate. The assay in urine based on NDA-NAP derivatization and HPLC-FD has been developed and fully validated in the concentration range 1-25 ng/ml. Based on the same NDA-NAP derivatization, an assay in human plasma with a limit of quantification of 5 ng/ml has also been developed. Both HPLC-FD assays were utilized to support various human pharmacokinetic studies with alendronate.