Synthesis of 5-amino-6-(nitro-NNO-azoxy)-1,2,3,4-tetrazine 1,3-dioxide

Russian Chemical Bulletin - A reaction of 5-amino-6-(tert-butyl-NNO-azoxy)-1,2,3,4-tetrazine 1,3-dioxide with nitronium tetrafluoroborate affords 5-amino-6-(nitro-NNO-azoxy)-1,2,3,4-tetrazine...     

Experimental enthalpies of formation and other physicochemical characteristics of compounds containing C-NO2 and C-N(O)=N-NO2 groups: a comparison

Russian Chemical Bulletin - The standard enthalpies of formation of nitro-NNO-azoxy compounds including nitro-NNO-azoxybenzene (2), 3-nitro-4-{[4-(nitro-NNO-azoxy)furazan-3-yl]-NNO-azoxy}-furazan...     

Thermal conductivity reduction and thermoelectric figure of merit increase by embedding nanoparticles in crystalline semiconductors

Atomic substitution in alloys can efficiently scatter phonons, thereby reducing the thermal conductivity in crystalline solids to the "alloy limit." Using In0.53Ga0.47As containing ErAs nanoparticles, we demonstrate thermal conductivity reduction by almost a factor of 2 below the alloy limit and a corresponding increase in the thermoelectric figure of merit by a factor of 2. A theoretical model suggests that while point defects in alloys efficiently scatter short-wavelength phonons, the ErAs nanoparticles provide an additional scattering mechanism for the mid-to-long-wavelength phonons.     

Proximity effect in multilayer structures with alternating ferromagnetic and normal layers

The character of the penetration of superconducting correlations into multilayer FF…F, FNFN…FN, and NFNF…NF structures being in contact with a superconductor with the singlet pairing potential has been studied theoretically. Analytical expressions for the effective superconductivity penetration depth in such structures have been obtained in the limit of small layer thicknesses. Numerical calculations taking into account self-consistently the suppression of the superconductivity in the superconductor owing to the proximity effect have been performed at arbitrary thicknesses. A simple analytical dependence approximating the spatial variation of the Green’s function in a multilayer has been proposed. It has been shown that superconductivity is induced by the generation of two channels existing in parallel, one of which is characterized by the smooth (as in SN sandwiches) decay of the superconductivity, while damped oscillations (as in SF structures) take place in the second one.     

A neural-network method for the synthesis of informative features for the classification of signal sources in cognitive radio systems

This paper discusses possible methods for the synthesis of informative features for the classification of signal sources in cognitive radio systems using artificial neural networks. A synthesis method based on the use of autoassociative neural networks is proposed. From the point of view of the classification of the signals, informativeness of synthesized features is estimated using a modified artificial neural network based on radial basis functions that contains an additional self-organizing layer of neurons that provide the automatic selection of the variance of basis functions and a significant reduction of the network dimension. It is shown that the use of autoassociative networks in the problem of the classification of signal sources makes it possible to synthesize the feature space with a minimum dimension while maintaining separation properties.     

Synthesis,structure, and properties of <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-(nitramino)phthalimide

N-(Nitramino)phthalimide R₂N-NHNO₂ (R₂NH is phthalimide) was synthesized by nitration of N-aminophthalimide with nitronium tetrafluoroborate. The structure of this compound was established by X-ray diffraction and confirmed by ¹H, ¹³C, and ¹⁴N NMR spectroscopy. The methylation of this compound with diazomethane affords a mixture of N-methyl (R₂N-NMeNO₂) and O-methyl (R₂N-N=N(O)OMe) isomers. The latter compound contains the previously unknown high-nitrogen-oxygen fragment. The thermal decomposition of N-(nitramino)phthalimide in vacuo at 80–100 °C gives 2H-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4(1H)-dione (isatoic anhydride) as the major product. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 625–630, March, 2008.