Fuzzy guaranteed cost output tracking control for fuzzy discrete‐time systems with different premise variables

This article investigates the problem of output tracking control for a class of discrete‐time interval type‐2 (IT2) fuzzy systems subject to mismatched premise variables. Based on the IT2 Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy model, the criterion to design the desired controller is obtained, which guarantees the closed‐loop system to be asymptotically stable and satisfies the predefined cost function. Moreover, the controller to be designed does not need to share the same premise variables of the system, which enhances the flexibility of controller design and reduces the conservativeness. Finally, two examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method proposed in this article. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 265–276, 2016     

Atomically thin MoS₂: a new direct-gap semiconductor

The electronic properties of ultrathin crystals of molybdenum disulfide consisting of N=1,2,…,6 S-Mo-S monolayers have been investigated by optical spectroscopy. Through characterization by absorption, photoluminescence, and photoconductivity spectroscopy, we trace the effect of quantum confinement on the material's electronic structure. With decreasing thickness, the indirect band gap, which lies below the direct gap in the bulk material, shifts upwards in energy by more than 0.6 eV. This leads to a crossover to a direct-gap material in the limit of the single monolayer. Unlike the bulk material, the MoS? monolayer emits light strongly. The freestanding monolayer exhibits an increase in luminescence quantum efficiency by more than a factor of 10? compared with the bulk material.     

Fabry-Perot optical fiber tip sensor for high temperature measurement

We propose a novel Fabry-Perot optical fiber tip sensor for high temperature measurement. The sensor consists of a short section of a special all-silica photonic crystal fiber spliced at one end to a silica single-mode fiber. Because of its all-silica structure, the sensor allows linear and stable measurements of temperature up to 1200 °C with a high sensitivity. The sensor is easy and inexpensive to fabricate and could find wide applications in mechanics, aeronautics, and metallurgy.     

Probing the Lipid Annular Belt by Gas‐Phase Dissociation of Membrane Proteins in Nanodiscs

Interactions between membrane proteins and lipids are often crucial for structure and function yet difficult to define because of their dynamic and heterogeneous nature. Here, we use mass spectrometry to demonstrate that membrane protein oligomers ejected from nanodiscs in the gas phase retain large numbers of lipid interactions. The complex mass spectra that result from gas‐phase dissociation were assigned using a Bayesian deconvolution algorithm together with mass defect analysis, allowing us to count individual lipid molecules bound to membrane proteins. Comparison of the lipid distributions measured by mass spectrometry with molecular dynamics simulations reveals that the distributions correspond to distinct lipid shells that vary according to the type of protein–lipid interactions. Our results demonstrate that nanodiscs offer the potential for native mass spectrometry to probe interactions between membrane proteins and the wider lipid environment.     

Overall approaches and experiences of first-time participants in the Nuclear Forensics International Technical Working Group’s Fourth Collaborative Material Exercise (CMX-4)

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - The Fourth Collaborative Material Exercise (CMX-4) of the Nuclear Forensics International Technical Working Group (ITWG) registered the largest...     

A quantitative contour analysis of axisymmetric vesicles spontaneously adhering onto a substrate

The determination of membrane-substrate profile for adherent vesicle using confocal reflectance interference contrast microscopy (C-RICM) has pushed for the need of advanced mechanics model for interpreting adhesion mechanisms. In this work, a model for vesicles or cells adhesion is established, the governing equation is derived from the variation of the potential energy at the cohesive zone. A closed-form solution is found for vesicle spontaneously adheres to a substrate when its shear modulus, micro vanishes. Based on the model and C-RICM experiments the magnitude of the adhesion force is calculated for a lipid vesicle adheres to a glass substrate.     

Crash Diagnosis and Price Rebound Prediction in NYSE Composite Index Based on Visibility Graph and Time-Evolving Stock Correlation Network

This study proposes a framework to diagnose stock market crashes and predict the subsequent price rebounds. Based on the observation of anomalous changes in stock correlation networks during market crashes, we extend the log-periodic power-law model with a metric that is proposed to measure network anomalies. To calculate this metric, we design a prediction-guided anomaly detection algorithm based on the extreme value theory. Finally, we proposed a hybrid indicator to predict price rebounds of the stock index by combining the network anomaly metric and the visibility graph-based log-periodic power-law model. Experiments are conducted based on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index from 4 January 1991 to 7 May 2021. It is shown that our proposed method outperforms the benchmark log-periodic power-law model on detecting the 12 major crashes and predicting the subsequent price rebounds by reducing the false alarm rate. This study sheds light on combining stock network analysis and financial time series modeling and highlights that anomalous changes of a stock network can be important criteria for detecting crashes and predicting recoveries of the stock market.