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81.
Relatively few constructions are known of negative Latin square type Partial Difference Sets (PDSs), and most of the known constructions are in elementary abelian groups. We present a product construction that produces negative Latin square type PDSs, and we apply this product construction to generate examples in p-groups of exponent bigger than p. 相似文献
82.
Dr. Yoichi Hoshimoto Keita Ashida Yukari Sasaoka Dr. Ravindra Kumar Prof. Dr. Ken Kamikawa Prof. Dr. Xavier Verdaguer Prof. Dr. Antoni Riera Prof. Dr. Masato Ohashi Prof. Dr. Sensuke Ogoshi 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2017,56(28):8206-8210
The nickel(0)-catalyzed carbonylative cycloaddition of 1,5- and 1,6-ene-imines with carbon monoxide (CO) is reported. Key to this reaction is the efficient regeneration of the catalytically active nickel(0) species from nickel carbonyl complexes such as [Ni(CO)3L]. A variety of tri- and tetracyclic γ-lactams were thus prepared in excellent yields with 100 % atom efficiency. Preliminary results on asymmetric derivatives promise potential in the synthesis of enantioenriched polycyclic γ-lactams. 相似文献
83.
Hiroaki Shimomoto Dai Fukami Tomomi Irita Ken‐ichi Katsukawa Takabumi Nagai Shokyoku Kanaoka Sadahito Aoshima 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2012,50(8):1547-1555
Various types of fluorine‐containing star‐shaped poly(vinyl ether)s were successfully synthesized by crosslinking reactions of living polymers based on living cationic polymerization. Star polymers with fluorinated arm chains were prepared by the reaction between a divinyl ether and living poly(vinyl ether)s with fluorine groups (C4F9, C6F13, and C8F17) at the side chain using cationogen/Et1.5AlCl1.5 in a fluorinated solvent (dichloropentafluoropropanes), giving star‐shaped fluorinated polymers in high yields with a relatively narrow molecular weight distribution. The concentration of living polymers for the crosslinking reaction and the molar feed ratio of a bifunctional vinyl ether to living polymers affected the yield and molecular weight of the star polymers. Star polymers with block arms were prepared by a linking reaction of living block copolymers of a fluorinated segment and a nonfluorinated segment. Heteroarm star‐shaped polymers containing two‐ or three‐arm species were synthesized using a mixture of different living polymer species for the reaction with a bifunctional vinyl ether. The obtained polymers underwent temperature‐induced solubility transitions in various organic solvents, and their concentrated solutions underwent sol–gel transitions, based on the solubility transition of a thermoresponsive fluorinated segment. Furthermore, a slight amount of fluorine groups were shown to be effective for physical gelation when those were located at the arm ends of a star polymer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012 相似文献
84.
Isolation of Biphenyl and Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Degrading Bacteria and Their Degradation Pathway 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Young-Cheol Chang Kazunori Takada DuBok Choi Tadashi Toyama Ken Sawada Shintaro Kikuchi 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2013,170(2):381-398
Four strains of biphenyl-degrading bacteria were isolated from a sewage and identified from the Rhodococcus genus (SK-1, SK-3, and SK-4) and Aquamicrobium genus (SK-2) by 16S rRNA sequence. Among these strains, strain SK-2 was most suitable for biphenyl degradation. When 0.65, 1.3, 2.6, or 3.9 mM of biphenyl was used, the biphenyl was completely degraded within 24 and 96 h of culture, respectively. However, in the case of 6.5 and 9.75 mM of biphenyl, the biphenyl degradation yields were about 80 % and 46.7 % after 120 h of culture, respectively. The isolated strains could degrade a broad spectrum of aromatic compounds including high-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in the presence of biphenyl. In addition, strain SK-2 could utilize PCB congeners containing one to six chlorine substituents such as 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl. The PCB utilization rate by the strain SK-2 was increased compared to that of other PCB congener-utilizing bacteria. The four isolates metabolized 4-chlorobiphenyl to 4-chlorobenzoic acid and 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-(4′-chlorophenyl)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid. These results suggest the isolated strains might be good candidates for the bioremediation of PCB-contaminated soil, especially high-saline soils. 相似文献
85.
86.
Yuichi Tominaga Takuya Kubo Kenji Sueyoshi Ken Hosoya Koji Otsuka 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2013,51(15):3153-3158
To synthesize the novel molecular‐ and pH‐stimulus‐responsive hydrogel, we prepared poly(ethylene glycol)‐based hydrogel containing ionic groups. We evaluated the fundamental swelling/shrinking properties of the hydrogels synthesized by various conditions. Decreasing the molecular weight of a crosslinker provided the increasing of the equilibrium swelling ratio. Also, the equilibrium swelling ratio was changed by the introduction of functional ionic monomers and its compositions. Furthermore, the swelling/shrinking behaviors of the hydrogels were affected by the environmental condition of aqueous solution, in fact the hydrogels were considerably shrunk (to one‐fifth volume) using a di‐ionic solute in the aqueous solution through the ionic interactions between the hydrogel and the solutes. Additionally, the specific shrinking to diamine compounds was also observed in response to pH change. These results clearly show the swelling/shrinking responsibility of the hydrogels toward the molecular recognitions and its pH conditions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3153–3158 相似文献
87.
88.
Baptiste Schindler Agathe Depraz Depland Gina Renois-Predelus Gabriel Karras Bruno Concina Gulabi Celep Jacques Maurelli Vincent Loriot Eric Constant Richard Bredy Christian Bordas Franck Lépine Isabelle Compagnon 《International Journal for Ion Mobility Spectrometry》2017,20(3-4):119-124
An original workflow allowing inline FAIMS separation, electrospray ionization, mass analysis and ion spectroscopy (IRMPD: InfraRed Multiple Photon Dissociation) is presented for multidimensional molecular analysis. This new instrument consists of an ultraFAIMS (Owlstone) device interfaced to a linear ion trap (LTQ XL Thermo Scientific) which was modified for IRMPD spectroscopy. Two modes of operation are demonstrated on an isomeric mixture of paracetamol and 2-phenylglycine. In the first mode a FAIMS (high-Field Asymmetric waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry) separation of the isomers is performed with a static compensation field for mass- and isomer- selective ion spectroscopy. In the second mode, the compensation field is scanned while the ions are irradiated at a fixed wavenumber. The advantages of this workflow as compared to traditional FAIMS-MS and IRMPD spectroscopy are described. The potential of the two modes for molecular spectroscopy and analytical applications, in particular the new “omics” are discussed. 相似文献
89.
To prepare cross‐linked silicone (silicone rubber) particles in an aqueous medium, we investigated two synthesis methods involving a miniemulsion system. The first method was based on cationic ring‐opening polymerization of cyclic siloxane, which is a common synthetic route for linear silicone oil and uses octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) as the monomer and dimeric D4 (bis‐D4) as the cross‐linker. Although this method produces silicone particles, the particles do not remain in the particulate state after drying because of low cross‐linking density. The polymerization mechanism of this method was also investigated, which proceeds under the ring‐opening reaction of D4 in monomer droplets and upon polycondensation of hydrolyzed D4, which occurs in the water phase (ie, outside the monomer droplets). This mechanism implied that introducing the cross‐linking structure into particles is difficult because of the low solubility of bis‐D4 in water. To overcome these difficulties, we demonstrated a second method of preparing silicone particles based on the thiol‐Michael addition reaction between thiol‐terminated silicone oil and triacrylate in miniemulsion systems. Transmission electron microscopy images indicated that the silicone particles obtained in the particulate state upon drying and the aggregates of these particles showed elasticity. 相似文献
90.
In single‐molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), many studies have focused on the elasticity and conformation of polymer chains, but little attention has been devoted to the dynamic properties of single polymer chains. In this study, we measured the energy dissipation and elastic properties of single polystyrene (PS) chains in toluene, methanol, and N,N‐dimethylformamide using a homemade piezo‐control and data acquisition system externally coupled to a commercial atomic force microscope (AFM), which provided more accurate information regarding the dynamic properties of the PS chains. We quantitatively measured the chain length‐dependent changes in the stiffness and viscosity of a single chain using a phenomenological model consistent with the theory of viscoelasticity for polymer chains in dilute solution. The effective viscosity of a polymer chain can be determined using the Kirkwood model, which is independent of the intrinsic viscosity of the solvent and dependent on the interaction between the polymer and solvent. The results indicated that the viscosity of a single PS chain is dominated by the interaction between the polymer and solvent. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019 , 57, 1736–1743 相似文献