Effect of hyperosmotic mannitol on magnetic resonance relaxation parameters in reperfused canine myocardial infarction

To determine how administration of a hyperosmotic agent alters regional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation parameters and imaging characteristics in ischemic-reperfused myocardium, 7 dogs were infused with mannitol for 15 minutes before and after the release of a 3 hour left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion. Nine control animals received normal saline during the 3 hour occlusion and 1 hour reperfusion periods. Normal posterior left ventricular (LV) wall and the ischemic anterior LV wall (risk area) myocardium was sampled for calculation of segmental microsphere myocardial blood flow, % tissue water content, NMR relaxation times (T1, T2) and myocyte ultrastructure using electron microscopy. Mean infarct T1 values were 14% greater than normal segments in saline-treated controls, but only 5% greater after mannitol. The difference in tissue water content between infarcted and normal segments was 4% in saline-treated (83 vs. 79%) compared to 2% in mannitol-treated dogs (79 vs. 77%). T1, T2 and % water content of control infarct segments were greater than treated infarcts (p less than 0.01). T1 and T2 rose as occlusion flow fell below 0.5 ml/min/g in control hearts but did not rise until flows were reduced to 0.1 ml/min/g in mannitol-treated hearts. Areas of increased signal in T1 and T2 NMR images correlated well with histochemical infarct volume (r = 0.98, SEE = 1.1 cc) in mannitol-treated dogs, but infarct borders were qualitatively less well-defined than in controls. We concluded that mannitol (1) diminishes tissue edema and reduces NMR relaxation parameters (T1, T2) in infarcted myocardium; and (2) attenuates the rise in T1 and T2 and ultrastructural myocyte injury in ischemic-reperfused myocardium.     

Electron-transfer chain-substitution in hydrodemercuration of alkylmercury(II) compounds with n-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide

Reduction of alkylmercury(II) acetates with N-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (BNAH) proceeds through electron-transfer chain-substitution mechanism. The rate constant of hydrogen transfer from BNAH to alkyl radical was estimated as in the order of 10⁵ 1/mol·sec.     

An on-line ion trap for unstable nuclei at INS

An on-line ion trap system is under construction at INS in order to study properties of the trapped unstable nuclei produced by a cyclotron beam. Among several subjects on the system, development of a direct trapping method for unstable nuclear ions from a recoil separator is taken to be of first priority. We have successfully developed a new ion cooling device for this purpose using an ion-guide followed by an RF multipole ion beam guide.On leave from the Institute of Atomic Energy, Academia Cinica, Shanghai, P.R. China     

The phase structure in the Coleman-Weinberg theory

We study the phase structure in the minimal SU(5)-Coleman-Weinberg theory. We consider the implication of the results for cosmology and point out that the Higgs coupling constant must be fine-tuned in order to realize the new inflationary universe scenario. The effects of heavy fermions are also discussed.     

3-D measurement by using a multiplex hologram

A method for measuring three simensional position by using a multiplex hologram is proposed with some examples of measurements.