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991.
S Murayama B Su K Okabe A Kishimura K Osada M Miura T Funatsu K Kataoka M Kato 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2012,48(67):8380-8382
We developed a simple preparation procedure for the protein encapsulated nanoparticle and used the nanoparticle for spatiotemporal activity control of various proteins. We succeeded in the local protein activation within cells by light using the nanoparticle. 相似文献
992.
Near-infrared fluorescent silica-porphyrin hybrid nanotubes (HNTs) were successfully synthesized by π-π stacking, electrostatic interaction and a sol-gel reaction. The HNTs-labeled macrophages were detected in vivo, and the minimum detectable number of cells was 200. Furthermore, the biodistribution of HNTs-labeled macrophages was tracked by fluorescence imaging. 相似文献
993.
The combined catalyst system of bifunctional amidoiridium complexes derived from benzylic amines with CALB was found to provide a range of chiral acetates from racemic secondary alcohols in excellent yields with nearly perfect enantioselectivities via dynamic kinetic resolution. 相似文献
994.
Dr. Makoto Sato Prof. Dr. Hiroshi Yamataka Dr. Yuto Komeiji Prof. Dr. Yuji Mochizuki 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2012,18(31):9714-9721
Full‐quantum mechanical fragment molecular orbital‐based molecular dynamics (FMO‐MD) simulations were applied to the hydration reaction of formaldehyde in water solution under neutral conditions. Two mechanisms, a concerted and a stepwise one, were considered with respect to the nucleophilic addition and the proton transfer. Preliminary molecular orbital calculations by means of polarized continuum model reaction field predicted that the hydration prefers a concerted mechanism. Because the calculated activation barriers were too high for free FMO‐MD simulations to give reactive trajectories spontaneously, a More O’Ferrall–Jencks‐type diagram was constructed from the statistical analysis of the FMO‐MD simulations with constraint dynamics. The diagram showed that the hydration proceeds through a zwitterionic‐like (ZW‐like) structure. The free energy changes along the reaction coordinate calculated by means of the blue moon ensemble for the hydration and the amination of formaldehyde indicated that the hydration proceeds through a concerted process through the ZW‐like structure, whereas the amination goes through a stepwise mechanism with a ZW intermediate. In inspection of the FMO‐MD trajectories, water‐mediated cyclic proton transfers were observed in both reactions on the way from the ZW‐like structure to the product. These proton transfers also have an asynchronous character, in which deprotonation from the nucleophilic oxygen atom (or nitrogen atom for amination) precedes the protonation of the carbonyl oxygen atom. The results showed the strong advantage of the FMO‐MD simulations to obtain detailed information at a molecular level for solution reactions. 相似文献
995.
996.
Sato K Ohnuki T Takahashi H Miyashita Y Nozaki K Kanamori K 《Inorganic chemistry》2012,51(9):5026-5036
Three novel tetranuclear vanadium(III) or (IV) complexes bridged by diphenyl phosphate or phosphate were prepared and their structures characterized by X-ray crystallography. The novel complexes are [{V(III)(2)(μ-hpnbpda)}(2){μ-(C(6)H(5)O)(2)PO(2)}(2)(μ-O)(2)]·6CH(3)OH (1), [{V(III)(2)(μ-tphpn)(μ-η(3)-HPO(4))}(2)(μ-η(4)-PO(4))](ClO(4))(3)·4.5H(2)O (2), and [{(V(IV)O)(2)(μ-tphpn)}(2)(μ-η(4)-PO(4))](ClO(4))(3)·H(2)O (3), where hpnbpda and tphpn are alkoxo-bridging dinucleating ligands. H(3)hpnbpda represents 2-hydroxypropane-1,3-diamino-N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-N,N'-diacetic acid, and Htphpn represents N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediamine. A dinuclear vanadium(IV) complex without a phosphate bridge, [(VO)(2)(μ-tphpn)(H(2)O)(2)](ClO(4))(3)·2H(2)O (4), was also prepared and structurally characterized for comparison. The vanadium(III) center in 1 adopts a hexacoordinate structure while that in 2 adopts a heptacoordinate structure. In 1, the two dinuclear vanadium(III) units bridged by the alkoxo group of hpnbpda are further linked by two diphenylphosphato and two oxo groups, resulting in a dimer-of-dimers. In 2, the two vanadium(III) units bridged by tphpn are further bridged by three phosphate ions with two different coordination modes. Complex 2 is oxidized in aerobic solution to yield complex 3, in which two of the three phosphate groups in 2 are substituted by oxo groups. 相似文献
997.
Akio Saito Manabu Tojo Hikaru Yanai Fukiko Wada Muga Nakagawa Midori Okada Azusa Sato Rieko Okatani Takeo Taguchi 《Journal of fluorine chemistry》2012
CrCl2/Mn-mediated transformation of various dibromofluoromethylcarbinyl esters including carboxylates, carbonates and carbamates provided 1-fluoro-1-alkenyl esters via [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of ester group. Reaction proceeded by using CrCl2/Mn system under mild conditions (in THF at room temperature) to give 1-fluoro-1-alkenyl esters in good yield with an excellent Z selective manner. 1-Fluoro-1-alkenyl ester thus obtained acts as a double acyl donor in the reaction with necleophiles such as amine, thiol, alcohol as well as bifunctional necleophiles such as ethylene diamine derivative. 相似文献
998.
K Nagai M Arito Y Takakuwa S Ooka T Sato MS Kurokawa K Okamoto T Uchida N Suematsu T Kato 《Electrophoresis》2012,33(13):2028-2035
Anti-ribonucleoprotein (anti-RNP) antibodies are one of the representative autoantibodies detectable in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). Generally, posttranslational modifications (PTMs) on autoantigens are proposed to be involved in the production of autoantibodies. In this study, we tried to detect the alteration in PTMs on a U1 small nuclear RNP 68k subunit (U1-68k), a major antigen of anti-RNP antibodies. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from patients with MCTD, SLE, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and from healthy donors. U1-68ks in the PBMCs were detected by 2D Western blot (WB), where extracted nuclear proteins were separated by 2DE, followed by the detection of U1-68k using WB. More than 20 PTM isoforms were detected with different molecular weights of 65.0 , 66.5, and 68.0kDa, and different pIs between 6.0 and 8.5. Importantly, the relative intensity of the spot with 66.5 kDa and pI 7.5 was significantly increased in the MCTD and SLE groups compared to the RA and healthy groups. Further, this U1-68k isoform, in particular, in its RS domain, was found to have significantly decreased phosphorylation compared to the other isoforms. The PTM alternation may be one of the steps to generate the anti-RNP antibodies. 相似文献
999.
Integral equation theory for molecular liquids is one of the powerful frameworks to evaluate solvation free energy (SFE). Different from molecular simulation methods, the theory computes SFE in an analytical manner. In particular, the correction method proposed by Kovalenko and Hirata [Chem. Phys. Lett. 290, 237 (1998); and J. Chem. Phys. 113, 2793 (2000)] is quite efficient in the accurate evaluation of SFE. However, the application has been limited to aqueous solution systems. In the present study, an improved method is proposed that is applicable to a wide range of solution systems. The SFE of a variety of solute molecules in chloroform and benzene solvents is evaluated. A key is the adequate treatment of excluded volume in SFE calculation. By utilizing the information of chemical bonds in the solvent molecule, the accurate computation of SFE is achieved. 相似文献
1000.
Hira D Okuda T Ichihashi M Mizutani A Ishizeki K Okada T Okamoto H 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》2012,60(3):341-347
The aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between human inspiratory flow patterns and the concomitant drops in pressure in different inhalation devices, and the influence of the devices on inhalation performance. As a model formulation for inhalers, a physically mixed dry powder composed of salbutamol sulfate and coarse lactose monohydrate was selected. The drops in pressure at 28.3?L/min of three inhalation devices, Single-type, Dual-type, and Reverse-type, was 1.0, 5.1, and 8.7?kPa, respectively. Measurements of human inspiratory patterns revealed that although the least resistant device (Single) had large inter- and intra-individual variation of peak flow rate (PFR), the coefficients of variation of PFR of the three devices were almost the same. In tests with a human inspiratory flow simulator in vitro, inhalation performance was higher, but the variation in inhalation performance in the range of human flow patterns was wider, for the more resistant device. To minimize the intra- and inter-individual variation in inhalation performance for the model formulation in this study, a formulation design that allows active pharmaceutical ingredient to detach from the carrier with a lower inhalation flow rate is needed. 相似文献