全文获取类型
收费全文 | 484篇 |
免费 | 11篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 309篇 |
晶体学 | 7篇 |
力学 | 2篇 |
数学 | 58篇 |
物理学 | 120篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 11篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 9篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 10篇 |
2013年 | 25篇 |
2012年 | 35篇 |
2011年 | 24篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 18篇 |
2007年 | 28篇 |
2006年 | 22篇 |
2005年 | 21篇 |
2004年 | 26篇 |
2003年 | 30篇 |
2002年 | 25篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有496条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
Takashi Takeo Tomohiko Kanie Katsuhiro Satoh Shigeyuki Aoyama Haruhiko Itoh Hajime Hattori 《Optical Review》1995,2(5):366-370
In lightwave community antena television (CATV) systems as well as other optical fiber communication networks, a transmitted optical signal is known to be degraded by an intensity noise produced within the fiber due to the interference between the signal and doubly reflected light. We report on the improvements to the signal degradation due to the double Rayleigh backscattering by inserting optical isolators in the trunk lines of the systems. A carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) has been calculated as a function of the number and the insertion loss of the isolators. The calculated results indicate that there is an optimum number of isolators, and if the insertion loss is less than 0.3 dB, the CNR degradation can be restored by more than 60%. To test the calculated results, we conducted experiments for the specific case of employing one isolator, and obtained good agreements between the two. 相似文献
72.
Tadatsugu Hatori Tetsuo Kamimura Yoshi H. Ichikawa 《Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena》1985,14(2):193-202
An analytical tool is given to study the statistical properties of the radial twist map, Xn+1 = Xn + α(Yn+1) and Yn+1 = Yn + Af (Xn), with arbitrary rotation number α(Y) and arbitrary periodic force f(X). The case for which f(X) = sin 2 πX and with arbitrary α is treated in the region of large A. The turbulent diffusion coefficient D for the chaotic orbit relaxes as to , except for the case of the standard map, where the eventual value of D is different from . 相似文献
73.
Shintaro Ichikawa Utaroh MotosugiTomoaki Ichikawa Katsuhiro SanoHiroyuki Morisaka Tsutomu Araki 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2013
Purpose
To investigate the relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and parameters calculated using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging of the kidneys.Materials and Methods
We studied 365 patients, divided into 4 groups based on eGFR levels (mL/min/1.73 m2): group 1, eGFR ≥ 80(n = 80); group 2, eGFR 60–80 (n = 156); group 3, eGFR 30–60 (n = 114); and group 4 ,eGFR < 30 (n = 15). IVIM imaging was used to acquire diffusion-weighted images at 12 b values. The diffusion coefficient of pure molecular diffusion (D), the diffusion coefficient of microcirculation or perfusion (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) were compared among the groups using group 1 as control.Results
In the renal cortex, D* values were significantly lower in groups 2, 3, and 4 than in group 1. The D value of renal cortex was significantly low in only group 3. In the renal medulla, the D* and D values were significantly lower only in groups 2 and 3, respectively.Conclusion
As renal dysfunction progresses, renal perfusion might be reduced earlier and affected more than molecular diffusion in the renal cortex. These changes are effectively detected by IVIM MR imaging. 相似文献74.
Variational Calculation of 4He Tetramer Ground and Excited States Using Realistic 4He–4He Potentials
We calculated binding energies and wave functions of the 4He tetramer ground and excited states employing various realistic 4He?4He potentials which includes the currently most accurate one with the adiabatic, relativistic, QED and residual retardation corrections. We used our Gaussian expansion method (GEM) for ab initio variational calculations of few-body systems. We found that precisely the same shape of the short-range correlation (r ij < 4Å) in the dimer appear in the ground and excited states of trimer and tetramer. The four kinds of the binding energies of the trimer and tetramer ground and excited states, ${B_3^{(0)}, B_3^{(1)}, B_4^{(0)}}$ and ${B_4^{(1)}}$ , for the different potentials exhibit perfect linear correlations over the range of binding energies relevant for 4He atoms; namely, six types of the generalized atomic Tjon lines were observed. 相似文献
75.
A computer simulation by a molecular dynamics method is performed to study the properties of structure and Li ion diffusion in La4/3???x Li (LaLi)TiO3
;LLTO;Li ion conductors;Superionic conductors;Perovskite;Off-site;Electronic structure A computer simulation by a molecular dynamics method is performed to study the properties of structure and Li ion diffusion
in La4/3 − x
Li Ti2O6 =(LaLi)TiO3 =LLTO, which is the perovskite-type Li ion conductor. In the low Li concentration, Li ions conduct a two-dimensional motion,
while Li ions diffuse a three-dimensional motion in the high Li ion concentration. The partial distribution function for Li–Ti
and the diffusion paths of Li ions suggest that Li ions stay for a long time at off-site positions, which are 2.7? away from
a body-centered Ti ion. The Li ion concentration dependence to the conductivity σ is in approximate agreement with experiments. The energy band dispersion and the density of states are calculated using the
linear-muffin-tin-orbital method. The energy contour map shows the stable position of Li ions is off center of the vacant
La sites. Both calculations suggest that the stable position of Li ions is off center of the vacant La sites.
Paper presented at the 11th EuroConference on the Science and Technology of Ionics, Batz-sur-Mer, Sept. 9–15, 2007. 相似文献
76.
We control the number of critical points of a height function arising from the Nash isometric embedding of a compact Riemanniann-manifoldM. The Ln/2 curvature norm ∥R∥ and a similar scalar ∥R∥ are introduced and their integralR(M) andR(M) overM. We prove thatR(M) is bounded below by a constant depending only onn and the Betti numbers ofM. Thus a new sphere theorem is proved by eliminating allith Betti numbers fori = 1, .…n −1. The emphasis is that our sphere theorem imposes no restriction on the range of curvature.
Research partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research, grant no. 07454018. 相似文献
77.
A novel, cis‐transoidal poly‐(phenylacetylene) bearing a carboxybiphenyl group as the pendant (poly‐ 1 ) was prepared by polymerization of (4′‐ethoxycarbonyl‐4‐biphenylyl)acetylene with a rhodium catalyst followed by hydrolysis of the ester groups. Upon complexation with various chiral amines and amino alcohols in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the polymer exhibited characteristic induced circular dichroism (ICD) in the UV/Vis region due to the predominantly one‐handed helix formation of the polymer backbone as well as an excess of a single‐handed, axially twisted conformation of the pendant biphenyl group. Poly‐ 1 complexed with (R)‐2‐amino‐1‐propanol showed unique time‐dependent inversion of the macromolecular helicity. Furthermore, the preferred‐handed helical conformation of poly‐ 1 induced by a chiral amine was further “memorized” after the chiral amine was replaced with achiral 2‐aminoethanol or n‐butylamine in DMSO. In sharp contrast to the previously reported memory in poly((4‐carboxyphenyl)acetylene), the present helicity memory of poly‐ 1 was accompanied by memory of the twisted biphenyl chirality in the pendants. Unprecedentedly, the helicity memory of poly‐ 1 with achiral 2‐aminoethanol was found to occur simultaneously with inversion of the axial chirality of the biphenyl groups followed by memory of the inverted biphenyl chirality, thus showing a significant change in the CD spectral pattern. 相似文献
78.
Dr. Pengfei Wu Prof. Dr. Adriana Pietropaolo Dr. Mariagrazia Fortino Dr. Masayoshi Bando Prof. Dr. Katsuhiro Maeda Dr. Tatsuya Nishimura Shuhei Shimoda Dr. Hiroyasu Sato Prof. Dr. Naofumi Naga Prof. Dr. Tamaki Nakano 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(29):e202305747
Optically active, hyperbranched, poly(fluorene-2,4,7-triylethene-1,2-diyl) [poly(fluorenevinylene)] derivatives bearing a neomenthyl group and a pentyl group at the 9-position of the fluorene backbone at various ratios acted as a chirality donor (host polymers) efficiently included naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, 9-phenylanthracene, and 9,10-diphenyanthracene as a chirality acceptor (guest molecules) in their interior space in film as well as in solution, with the guest molecules exhibiting intense circular dichroism through chirality transfer with chirality amplification. The efficiency of the chirality transfer was much higher with higher-molar-mass polymers than lower-molar-mass ones as well as with hyperbranched polymers compared to the analogous linear ones. The hyperbranched polymers include the small molecules in their complex structure without any specific interactions at various stoichiometries. The included molecules may have ordered intermolecular arrangement that may be somewhat similar to those of liquid crystals. Naphthalene, anthracene, and pyrene included in the polymer exhibited efficient circularly polarized luminescence, where the chirality was remarkably amplified in excited states, and anthracene exhibited especially high anisotropies in the emission on the order of 10−2. 相似文献
79.
Prof. Dr. Katsuhiro Isozaki Tomoya Yokoi Ryota Yoshida Dr. Kazuki Ogata Dr. Daisuke Hashizume Dr. Nobuhiro Yasuda Prof. Dr. Koichiro Sadakane Prof. Dr. Hikaru Takaya Prof. Dr. Masaharu Nakamura 《化学:亚洲杂志》2016,11(7):1076-1091
Two (ONO pincer)ruthenium‐complex‐bound norvalines, Boc?[Ru(pydc)(terpy)]Nva?OMe ( 1 ; Boc=tert‐butyloxycarbonyl, terpy=terpyridyl, Nva=norvaline) and Boc?[Ru(pydc)(tBu‐terpy)]Nva?OMe ( 5 ), were successfully synthesized and their molecular structures and absolute configurations were unequivocally determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The robustness of the pincer Ru complexes and norvaline scaffolds against acidic/basic, oxidizing, and high‐temperature conditions enabled us to perform selective transformations of the N‐Boc and C?OMe termini into various functional groups, such as alkyl amide, alkyl urea, and polyether groups, without the loss of the Ru center or enantiomeric purity. The resulting dialkylated Ru‐bound norvaline, n‐C11H23CO?l ‐[Ru(pydc)(terpy)]Nva?NH‐n‐C11H23 (l ‐ 4 ) was found to have excellent self‐assembly properties in organic solvents, thereby affording the corresponding supramolecular gels. Ru‐bound norvaline l ‐ 1 exhibited a higher catalytic activity for the oxidation of alcohols by H2O2 than parent complex [Ru(pydc)(terpy)] ( 11 a ). 相似文献
80.
Treatment of polyamides in an ionic liquid at 300 degrees C resulted in the efficient depolymerization of polyamides to give corresponding monomeric lactam in good yields. The recovered monomer was collected by direct distillation of the reaction mixture. PP13 TFSI furnished the best results for the depolymerization. The ionic liquid could be recycled five times in the present reaction. 相似文献