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121.
Karolína Pádrová Irena Kolouchová Tomáš Řezanka Alena Čejková 《Chemical Papers》2016,70(10):1351-1359
Yeast responses to stress conditions include an increase in lipid content and concomitant changes in content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Some fatty acids are among the dietetically important fatty acids and new possibilities are sought for their biotechnological production in addition to those already exploited from marine organisms, nuts and other sources. The possibility of the production of palmitoleic and linoleic acids resulting from new approaches to traditional biotechnologically useful yeast species (Kluyveromyces polysporus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Torulospora delbrueckii) and species capable of high accumulation of lipids (Rhodotorula glutinis, Trichosporon cutaneum, Candida sp., Yarrowia lipolytica) was explored. The most promising was the combination of two stress factors: limitation of N-sources (C/N mass ratio of 70: 1) and oxidative stress induced by zero- valent iron nanoparticles. These conditions were conducive to the production of palmitoleic acid commonly used in cosmetics and medicine and ω-6-linoleic acid, a precursor of thromboxanes, prostaglandins and leucotrienes. The yield of these two fatty acids in T. cutaneum was more than 500 mg g?1 (dry mass) and in Candida sp. more than 600 mg g-1 (dry mass). 相似文献
122.
Carolin Blum Lothar Opilik Joanna M. Atkin Kai Braun Stefan B. Kmmer Vasily Kravtsov Naresh Kumar Sergey Lemeshko Jian‐Feng Li Karol Luszcz Teimour Maleki Alfred J. Meixner Steve Minne Markus B. Raschke Bin Ren Jan Rogalski Debdulal Roy Bruno Stephanidis Xiang Wang Dai Zhang Jin‐Hui Zhong Renato Zenobi 《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2014,45(1):22-31
Since its first experimental realization, tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has emerged as a potentially powerful nanochemical analysis tool. However, questions about the comparability and reproducibility of TERS data have emerged. This interlaboratory comparison study addresses these issues by bringing together different TERS groups to perform TERS measurements on nominally identical samples. Based on the spectra obtained, the absolute and relative peak positions, number of bands, peak intensity ratios, and comparability to reference Raman and surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) data are discussed. Our general findings are that all research groups obtained similar spectral patterns, irrespective of the setup or tip that was used. The TERS (and SERS) spectra consistently showed fewer bands than the conventional Raman spectrum. When comparing these three methods, the spectral pattern match and substance identification is readily possible. Absolute and relative peak positions of the three major signals of thiophenol scattered by 19 and 9 cm−1, respectively, which can probably be attributed to different spectrometer calibrations. However, within the same group (but between different tips), the signals only scattered by 3 cm−1 on average. This study demonstrated the suitability of TERS as an analytical tool and brings TERS a big step forward to becoming a routine technique. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
123.
Chelating Ruthenium Phenolate Complexes: Synthesis,General Catalytic Activity,and Applications in Olefin Metathesis Polymerization 下载免费PDF全文
Anna Kozłowska Dr. Maciej Dranka Prof. Janusz Zachara Eva Pump Prof. Dr. Christian Slugovc Krzysztof Skowerski Prof. Dr. Karol Grela 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(43):14120-14125
Cyclic Ru‐phenolates were synthesized, and these compounds were used as olefin metathesis catalysts. Investigation of their catalytic activity pointed out that, after activation with chemical agents, these catalysts promote ring‐closing metathesis (RCM), enyne and cross‐metathesis (CM) reactions, including butenolysis, with good results. Importantly, these latent catalysts are soluble in neat dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) and show good applicability in ring‐opening metathesis polymeriyation (ROMP) of this monomer. 相似文献
124.
A facile strategy for the synthesis of conjugated polyelectrolyte brushes grafted from a conductive surface is presented. Such brushes form a platform of molecular wires oriented perpendicularly to the surface, enabling efficient directional transport of charge carriers. As the synthesis of conjugated polymer brushes using chain-growth polymerization via a direct “grafting from” approach is very challenging, we developed a self-templating surface-initiated method. It is based on the formation of multimonomer template chains in the first surface-initiated polymerization step, followed by the second polymerization leading to conjugated chains in an overall ladder-like architecture. This strategy exploits the extended conformation of the surface-grafted brushes, thereby enabling alignment of the pendant polymerizable groups along the template chains. We synthesized a new bifunctional monomer and used the developed approach to obtain quaternized poly(ethynylpyridine) chains on a conductive indium tin oxide surface. A catalyst-free quaternization polymerization was for the first time used here for surface grafting. The presence of charged groups makes the obtained brushes both ionically and electronically conductive. After doping with iodine, the brushes exhibited electronic conductivity, in the direction perpendicular to the surface, as high as 10–1–100 S m–1. Tunneling AFM was used for mapping the surface conductivity and measuring the conductivity in the spectroscopic mode. The proposed synthetic strategy is very versatile as a variety of monomers with pendant polymerizable groups and various polymerization techniques may be applied, leading to platforms of molecular wires with the desired characteristics. 相似文献
125.
Piotr Borowski Karol Pilorz Monika Pitucha 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》2010,75(5):1470-1475
Scaling of harmonic frequencies of a molecule is one of the methods of improving the agreement between the calculated from a quadratic force field and experimental vibrational spectrum. An application of the recently proposed effective scaling frequency factor (ESFF) method to the complicated 1,2,4-triazole derivatives is presented. The calculations are based on the DFT/B3LYP/6-311G** quadratic force fields. It is shown that the ESFF method is capable of providing the high-quality spectra with regard to the scaled frequencies, comparable to these obtained with the well-established scaled quantum mechanical (SQM) force field method. Using the recommended scaling factors for the 11-parameter calculations, the RMS value obtained for a set of 293 vibrational modes of four compounds is only 8.7 and 8.5 cm?1, for SQM and ESFF, respectively, provided the hydrogen bonded CO bond was excluded from the general non-hydrogen XX stretch group, and the scaling factor attributed to this bond was optimized. The new, 9-parameter set of scaling factors provides SQM- and ESFF-scaled frequencies that are of comparable quality to those of the 11-parameter calculations. In addition, it provides (on average) more reliable band splittings in the middle region of the spectrum, and the order of the scaled frequencies corresponds to that of the experimental bands. The straightforward application of the ESFF method to estimate the value of the scaled frequency is also presented. 相似文献
126.
Michrowska A Mennecke K Kunz U Kirschning A Grela K 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2006,128(40):13261-13267
A new concept for noncovalent immobilization of a ruthenium olefin metathesis catalyst is presented. The 2-isopropoxybenzylidene ligand of a Hoveyda-Grubbs carbene is further modified by an additional amino group (7) and immobilization is achieved by treatment with sulfonated polystyrene forming the corresponding ammonium salt. In this novel strategy for the immobilization of ruthenium-based metathesis catalysts, the amino group plays a two-fold role, being first an active anchor for immobilization and second, after protonation, activating the catalysts (electron donating to electron withdrawing activity switch). The polymeric support was prepared by precipitation polymerization which led to small bead sizes (0.2-2 microm) and large surface areas. Compared to commercial resins this tailor-made phase showed superior properties in immobilization of complex 7. This concept of immobilization was applied to glass-polymer composite megaporous Raschig rings. Ru catalyst 7 on Raschig rings was used under batch conditions in various metathesis reactions, including ring-closing (RCM), cross- (CM) and enyne metathesis, to give products of high chemical purity with very low ruthenium contamination levels (21-102 ppm). The same ring can be used for up to 6 cycles of metathesis. 相似文献
127.
Kowalski K 《The Journal of chemical physics》2006,125(12):124101
The stationary conditions obtained from approximate coupled-cluster functional derived from the numerator-denominator connected expansion (NDC) [K. Kowalski and P. Piecuch, J. Chem. Phys. 122, 074107 (2005)] are employed to calculate the linear response of cluster amplitudes. A simple scheme that involves singly and doubly excited amplitudes, termed locally renormalized equation-of-motion approach with singles and doubles (LR-EOMCCSD), is compared with other excited-state methods that include up to two-body operators in the wave function expansion. In particular, the impact of the local denominators on the excitation energies is discussed in detail. Several benchmark calculations on the CH(+), C(2), N(2), O(3), and ClOCl molecules are presented to illustrate the performance of the LR-EOMCCSD approach. 相似文献
128.
Jerzy Krzempek 《Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal》2010,60(2):445-456
It is shown that for every pair of natural numbers m ⩾ n ⩾ 1, there exists a compact Fréchet space X
m,n
such that
(a) |
dim X
m,n
= n, ind X
m,n
= Ind X
m,n
= m, and 相似文献
129.
Karol Krzempek Mohammad Jahjah Rafał Lewicki Przemysław Stefański Stephen So David Thomazy Frank K. Tittel 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2013,112(4):461-465
The development of a continuous wave, thermoelectrically cooled (TEC), distributed feedback diode laser-based spectroscopic trace-gas sensor for ultra-sensitive and selective ethane (C2H6) concentration measurements is reported. The sensor platform used tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) and wavelength modulation spectroscopy as the detection technique. TDLAS was performed using an ultra-compact 57.6 m effective optical path length innovative spherical multipass cell capable of 459 passes between two mirrors separated by 12.5 cm and optimized for the 2.5–4 μm range TEC mercury–cadmium–telluride detector. For an interference-free C2H6 absorption line located at 2,976.8 cm?1, a 1σ minimum detection limit of 740 pptv with a 1 s lock-in amplifier time constant was achieved. 相似文献
130.
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