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41.
The differential cross-sections for the emission of M shell fluorescent X-rays from Th by 5·95 keV photons at eight angles
ranging from 50° to 120° have been measured. The differential cross-section is found to decrease with increase in the emission
angle showing anisotropic spatial distribution of M shell fluorescent X-rays. The present results contradict the predictions
of the calculations of Cooper and Zare [1] that the atomic inner shell vacancy states produced in photoionization are not
aligned but confirm those of Fluggeet al [2] and Scofield [3] that the vacancy states withJ > 1/2 are aligned. The integral M shell fluorescent emission cross sections have been determined from the measured angular
distribution coefficients and compared with theoretical integral cross-sections calculated by using theoretical values of
M subshell photoionization cross-sections, fluorescence yields and coster kronig transition probabilities available in literature.
The experimental and theoretical values of integral crosssections show a reasonable agreement. 相似文献
42.
43.
A. K. Jain V. N. Kulkarni D. K. Sood 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1981,25(2):127-133
We present a scheme for solution of the heat flow equation in one-dimension incorporating melting and vapourization produced
under pulsed laser irradiation. The method can be applied to pure materials as well as multilayered structures such as deposited
films. The variation of physical properties with temperature can be easily taken into account. Results of calculation are
presented for aluminium and for chromium and antimony layers deposited on aluminium. As a consequence of excessive vapourization
at high energy densities, the melt depth and the melt duration do not increase beyond a certain limit. The resolidification
front velocity is strongly dependent on energy density and can be controlled in an experiment by a careful choice of laser
parameters. Some recent experimental data on laser treated chromium films are discussed in light of our calculations. 相似文献
44.
L-shell photoelectric cross section measurements have been made at 36·818 and 74·409 keV for four elements in the range 81
≤Z ≤ 92. The measurements at 74·409 keV are found to agree with theory, within experimental uncertainties, but the experimental
values at 36·818 keV are found to be higher than the theoretical predictions. The possible reasons for the observed discrepancy
are discussed. 相似文献
45.
The widely usedM-model of rotational diffusion of molecules in fluid phases is generalized. The ordinaryM-model assumes that intermolecular collisions causeinstantaneous changes in the orientation of an otherwise free rotor. The present scheme takes cognizance of the ubiquitous intermolecular torques which should make the molecular orientation a continuously variable random function of time. It is assumed here that the component of the angular velocity, which is conjugate to the angle specifying the orientation of the molecule, is a stationary Gaussian-Markov process. The ordinaryM-model emerges then as a special case of the more general treatment presented here. The results derived for the dipole correlation function of a linear rotor on the basis of the generalized scheme are applied to a series of infrared data. The observed agreement is highly satisfactory. The present analysis affords a justification for the Gordon scheme which generalizes theM-model by assigning to the mean rate of collision anad-hoc dependence on the angular speed of the rotor. It is argued also that the model treated here incorporates certain memory effects which are ignored in the ordinaryM-model, and may yield, in some cases, results which are similar to those based on certain memory function formalisms. 相似文献
46.
A. K. Sood 《Hyperfine Interactions》1987,37(1-4):365-384
This paper presents a review of light scattering results on static and dynamic properties of ordered colloidal suspensions
of charged polystyrene particles and fractal colloidal aggregates. Our studies on static structure factor,S(Q), of ordered monodisperse colloidal suspensions and binary mixtures of particles with different particle diameters, measured
by angle-resolved Rayleigh scattering will be discussed. This will include determination of bulk modulus using gravitational
compression and observation of colloidal glass (inferred from splitting of the second peak inS(Q)). Dynamic light scattering, with real time analysis of scattered intensity fluctuations, is used to get information about
Brownian dynamics of the particles. Recent advances in the field of light scattering from colloidal aggregates which show
fractal geometry will also be discussed. 相似文献
47.
Akhilesh K. Arora R. Kesavamoorthy A.K. Sood G. Venkatraraman R. Krishnaswamy Debendranath Sahoo 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》1984,45(1):69-77
The formation and dissolution behaviour of precipitates in NaCl : Pb2+ single crystals is studied by light scattering and ultramicroscopy. Measurements of Rayleigh ratio together with ultramicroscopic observations during isochronal annealing indicate the presence of two types of precipitates in as-grown crystals. Isochronal annealing after suitable thermal and thermomechanical treatments shows that precipitates of first type (I) which form and dissolve at lower temperatures, are due to homogeneous nucleation. Precipitates of the second category (II) which form and dissolve at higher temperatures are aligned along crystallographic directions and have their origin in stress-assisted processes. Isothermal annealing has been used to study the dissolution kinetics of the precipitated fraction, and it is found that the kinetics is of first order. The enthalpy of solution is determined from a study of the temperature dependence of the kinetic rate constant, in conjunction with available information on the migration energy of Pb2+ in NaCl. The enthalpy so deduced is in good agreement with the value as usually obtained from the concentration dependence of the dissolution temperature. 相似文献
48.
The crystal structure of the potential antitumor metal compound, viz. chloro, mono(phenanthrenequinone thiosemicarbazonato) palladium(II) dimethyl formamide solvate, is reported. The central palladium(II) atom is in a square planar environment provided by the tridentate, monoanionic thiosemicarbazone ligand and the ancillary chloride ion. The compound exhibited remarkable activity against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant breast cancer cell lines and was relatively nontoxic toward the normal mammary epithelial cells. The drug-induced killing effect against breast cancer cell lines was predominantly mediated via apoptosis, a physiologic form of cell death. 相似文献
49.
50.
In this paper, we present a novel graph-theoretical approach for representing a wide variety of sequence analysis problems
within a single model. The model allows incorporation of the operations “insertion”, “deletion”, and “substitution”, and various
parameters such as relative distances and weights. Conceptually, we refer the problem as the minimum weight common mutated sequence (MWCMS) problem. The MWCMS model has many applications including multiple sequence alignment problem, the phylogenetic analysis, the DNA sequencing
problem, and sequence comparison problem, which encompass a core set of very difficult problems in computational biology.
Thus the model presented in this paper lays out a mathematical modeling framework that allows one to investigate theoretical
and computational issues, and to forge new advances for these distinct, but related problems.
Through the introduction of supernodes, and the multi-layer supergraph, we proved that MWCMS is -complete. Furthermore, it was shown that a conflict graph derived from the multi-layer supergraph has the property that a
solution to the associated node-packing problem of the conflict graph corresponds to a solution of the MWCMS problem. In this
case, we proved that when the number of input sequences is a constant, MWCMS is polynomial-time solvable. We also demonstrated
that some well-known combinatorial problems can be viewed as special cases of the MWCMS problem. In particular, we presented
theoretical results implied by the MWCMS theory for the minimum weight supersequence problem, the minimum weight superstring
problem, and the longest common subsequence problem.
Two integer programming formulations were presented and a simple yet elegant decomposition heuristic was introduced. The integer
programming instances have proven to be computationally intensive. Consequently, research involving simultaneous column and
row generation and parallel computing will be explored. The heuristic algorithm, introduced herein for multiple sequence alignment,
overcomes the order-dependent drawbacks of many of the existing algorithms, and is capable of returning good sequence alignments
within reasonable computational time. It is able to return the optimal alignment for multiple sequences of length less than
1500 base pairs within 30 minutes. Its algorithmic decomposition nature lends itself naturally for parallel distributed computing,
and we continue to explore its flexibility and scalability in a massive parallel environment. 相似文献