The beam properties of high-power InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum well lasers

The vertical beam quality factor of the fundamental TE propagating mode for InGaAs/AlGaAs SCH DQW lasers emitting at 940 nm is investigated by using the transfer matrix method and the non-paraxial vectorial moment theory for non-paraxial beams. An experimental approach is given for the measurement of the equivalent vertical beam quality factor of an InGaAs/AlGaAs SCH DQW laser. It has been shown that the vertical beam quality factor M_x² is always larger than unity, whether the thickness of the active region of LDs is much smaller than the emission wavelength or not.     

Simulation of Fast-Recovery Cross-Modulation Characteristics in Semiconductor Optical Amplifier with Assist Light

We analyzed the characteristics of cross-modulations (XM) and their recovery times in a semiconductor optical amplifier by a newly-developed TMM. The calculated results suggest faster recovery of the XMs by introducing a high-power assist light.     

On the construction of the conjugate hull of Brandt semigroups

In this paper the characterizations of conjugate hulls ψ (S). ϕ(S),T(S) and θ(S) on a Brandt semigroupS are given. By using these results we can pro thatT(S) is self-conjugate in ψ(S) for a Brandt semigroupS. This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China     

A first-principles study on the electronic structure of one-dimensional [TM(Bz)]∞ polymer (TM= Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, and Tc)

A systematic density functional theory (DFT) study has been performed to investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of one-dimensional sandwich polymers constructed with benzene (Bz) and the second-row transition metal (TM = Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, and Tc). Within the framework of generalized gradient approximation (GGA), [Tc(Bz)]_∞ is a ferromagnetic half-metal, and [Nb(Bz)]_∞ is a ferromagnetic metal. With the on-site Coulomb interaction for 4d TM atoms being taken into account, [Tc(Bz)]_∞ keeps a robust half-metallic behavior, while [Nb(Bz)]_∞ becomes a spin-selective semiconductor. The stability of the half-metallic [Tc(Bz)]_∞ polymer is discussed based on magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE). Compared with 0.1 meV per metal atom in [Mn(Bz)]_∞, the calculated MAE for [Tc(Bz)]_∞ is 2.3 meV per metal atom. Such a significantly larger MAE suggests that Tc(Bz)]_∞ is practically more promising than its first-row TM equivalent.      

Calculation of the vibrationally non-relaxed photo-induced electron transfer rate constant in dye-sensitized solar cells

In this paper we shall show how to calculate the single vibronic-level electron-transfer rate constant, which will be compared with the thermal averaged one. To apply the theoretical results to the dye-sensitized solar cells, we use a simple model to describe how we model the final state of the electron-transfer process. Numerical calculations will be performed to demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Hot precursor reactions during the collisions of gas-phase oxygen atoms with deuterium chemisorbed on Pt(100)

We utilized direct rate measurements and temperature programmed desorption to investigate reactions that occur during the collisions of gaseous oxygen atoms with deuterium-covered Pt(100). We find that both D2O and D2 desorb promptly when an oxygen atom beam impinges upon D-covered Pt(100) held at surface temperatures ranging from 90 to 150 K, and estimate effective cross sections of 12 and 1.8 A2, respectively, for the production of gaseous D2O and D2 at 90 K. The yields of D2O and D2 that desorb at 90 K are about 13% and 2%, respectively, of the initial D atom coverage, though most of the D2O product molecules (approximately 80%) thermalize to the surface rather than desorb at the surface temperatures studied. Increasing the surface temperature from 90 to 150 K causes the D2O desorption rate to decay more quickly during O atom exposures to the surface and results in lower yields of gaseous D2O. We attribute the production of D2O and D2 in these experiments to reactions involving intermediates that are not thermally accommodated to the surface, so-called hot precursors. The results are consistent with the production of hot D2O involving first the generation of hot OD groups from the reaction O*+D(a)-->OD*, where the asterisk denotes a hot precursor, followed by the parallel pathways OD*+D(a)-->D2O* and OD*+OD(a)-->D2O*+O(a). The final reaction contributes significantly to hot D2O production only later in the reaction period when thermalized OD groups have accumulated on the surface, and it becomes less important at higher temperature due to depletion of the OD(a) concentration by thermally activated D2O production.     

Synthesis and characterization of the air-water interfacial TiO2/ZrO2 binary oxide film

TiO(2)/ZrO(2) binary oxide film was self-assembled using anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS)) as template and obtained at the air-water interface. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the obtained film. The film was composed of many lamellar nanorods with a d spacing of 3.2 nm, and the lamellas were perpendicular to the lengthwise position of the rods. The energy-dispersive spectrum (EDS) was used for determining the titanium/zirconium atomic ratio. After being calcined, the sample decomposed to a mixture of anatase titania and tetragonal zirconia, and all the lamellar structure was broken.     

A novel method of protein extraction from perennial Bupleurum root for 2-DE

The perennial Bupleurum root is thick and woody and contains high levels of interfering compounds. Common protein extraction methods have proved refractory towards the isolation of proteins suitable for 2-DE, due to the presence of interfering compounds. A novel method for extracting proteins suitable for 2-DE was established to overcome these problems. The main characteristic of this protocol is the partitioning of the proteins into the aqueous (fraction A-2), chloroform and isoamyl alcohol phases (A-3), and the interphase (A-1). The proteins are then extracted from each of these phases. From A-1, 85% (extracted protein against total proteins) proteins could be extracted and purified. For fraction A-2, a novel phenol extraction step is employed for the extraction of proteins. Based on the well-resolved 2-DE patterns, our protein preparation is free of interfering compounds. Using these methods (A-1, A-2, and A-3-3), a total of 3662 (1526 + 1128 + 1008) spots could be separated, and a protein yield of about 1.41 mg per 1.0 g fresh root material was obtained. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a protocol for protein extraction from perennial Bupleurum root has been reported that gives reproducible results. The protocol is expected to be applicable to other recalcitrant plant tissues as well.     

索穹顶结构的找力分析方法--不平衡力迭代法

索穹顶的刚度和承载能力都是通过施加预应力来获取的,预应力设计是对索穹顶进行任何其它分析的基础,所以它的找力分析(Force finding)是一项很重要的工作。本文提出一种找力分析方法———不平衡力迭代法,它可以克服整体可行预应力法的一些不足:即使在索穹顶构件分组发生错误时仍可找到满足已知形状的预应力分布,并且该方法具有良好的稳定性和运算效率,算例表明不平衡力迭代法非常适合大型复杂索穹顶结构的找力分析。     

稀土氧化物或合金化元素对Ni－Cr－5S合金物理机械性能和摩擦学性能的影响

虽然含硫量为５％（ｗｔ）的Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－５Ｓ合金的自润滑性能比较好，但由于这种合金中存在着多种ＣｒｘＳｙ型化合物夹杂，故其机械强度受到影响而难以满足实际工况对材料之机械性能和摩擦学性能都比较好的双重要求。为了探求进一步提高Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－５Ｓ合金综合性能的有效方法，考察了稀土氧化物ＣｅＯ＿２和Ｌａ＿２Ｏ＿３，以及合金化元素铁、钼、铌、钴等对这种合金之物理机械性能和摩擦学性能的影响．结果表明，添加适量的稀土氧化物或合金化元素能够改变Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－５Ｓ合金的组织结构与组成而使其综合性能得以改善。在此基础上，又研制出一种实用性比较强的九组元ＰＢ合金，其在大气中从室温至６００℃的温度范围内都具有比较高的机械强度和良好的摩擦磨损性能，是一种可以在高温、高速和高负荷条件下使用的自润滑材料。