Temperature dependence of magnetic properties and change of specific heat in perovskite ErCrO3 chromites

In this paper, the temperature dependence of magnetic properties and specific heat are systematically investigated for perovskite ErCrO₃ chromites. The results show that there exists a strong temperature dependence of magnetic ordering and phase coexistence in the region of low temperature. Specifically, ErCrO₃ possesses the long-range antiferromagnetic ordering and the appearance of weak ferromagnetism, occurring at T _N =133 K. In the range of higher temperature, above 133.0 K, the reciprocal of magnetic susceptibility χ ⁻¹ behaves linearly, indicating a typical Curie–Weiss behavior fitted. The effective magnetic moment μ _eff=10.57μ _B and asymptotic paramagnetic Curie temperature T _cw=−30 K, which suggests the predominance of antiferromagnetic interactions in ErCrO₃ chromites. Around T _SR≈22 K, ErCrO₃ undergoes a spin reorientation from \varGamma ₄(G_x,A_y,F_z;F^R_z)\varGamma _{4}(G_{x},A_{y},F_{z};F^{R}_{z}) to \varGamma ₁(A_x,G_y,C_z;C^R_z)\varGamma _{1}(A_{x},G_{y},C_{z};C^{R}_{z}) or Γ ₁(0). Also, the stability of the ferromagnetic Γ ₄ phase increases with increasing applied field. Furthermore, the ac susceptibilities exhibit frequency-independent anomalies near 133 K and the coexistence of the magnetic configuration \varGamma ₂(F_x,G_y,C_z;F^R_x,C^R_y)\varGamma _{2}(F_{x},G_{y},C_{z};F^{R}_{x},C^{R}_{y}) and Γ ₄. Combining the magnetic properties and the specific-heat measurements, this current magnetization can be interpreted from the interaction between C ^r3+–Cr³⁺, Cr³⁺–Er³⁺ and Er³⁺–Er³⁺.     

超导技术在飞轮储能系统中的应用及前景

阐述了飞轮储能装置原理和超导磁悬浮理论,并设计了超导飞轮储能系统的基本结构。采用超导磁悬浮轴承技术可以解决普通的飞轮储能系统由于有机械轴承摩擦产生的能量损耗,克服普通飞轮储能的低效、储能时间短等问题。最后简要介绍了超导飞轮储能技术的发展前景。     

Analysis of film strain and stress in a film-substrate cantilever system

The bending problem of a magnetic film-nonmagnetic substrate cantilever system is studied by using the principle of energy minimization. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of geometrical and physical parameter dependence of the neutral plane, internal film stress and strain of the cantilever system, and then the influence of such a parameter on the bending characteristic is presented. The results indicate, owing to the anisotropic expanding feature of the magnetostriction, that the neutral plane is generally anisotropic, and moves downwards rapidly with the increasing thickness ratio. Meanwhile, the bounding rigidity of substrate on the film will decrease with the increasing thickness ratio, and thus release the film stress, i.e., it decreases, but the film strain increases. The effect of Poisson’s ratio of the materials on the film strain, the stress and the neutral plane in the direction transverse to the magnetization is prominent. For the strain and the stress in the magnetization, however, the role of Poisson’s ratio is inconspicuous. This property is due to the initiative elongating (or contracting) feature of the magnetic film along its magnetization. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10762001), the Key Project of the Chinese Ministry of Education (Grant No. 206024), and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China (Grant No. NCET-2005-0272)     

冲击作用下纳米孔洞动力学行为的多尺度方法模拟研究

本文利用多尺度方法研究了包含孔洞金属材料在冲击加载条件下的动力学行为. 该多尺度方法结合了分子动力学和有限元方法,分子动力学方法运用于局部缺陷区域,而有限元方法运用于整个模型区域,两种方法之间使用桥尺度函数进行连接. 计算结果既包括了系统宏观的物理信息,如应变场、应力场、温度场等,也得到了微观原子的物理信息,如原子能量和位置坐标等. 结合以上的模拟结果,发现孔洞的坍塌与材料屈服强度和冲击强度有关,而孔洞坍塌和坍塌过程中对微喷射原子的压缩过程是形成局部热点的主要原因. 同时也发现孔洞坍塌形成的位错和局部热点可以导致局部绝热剪切带更容易形成. 关键词： 微孔洞 热点 冲击加载 多尺度方法     

Three-dimensional imaging using spectral encoding heterodyne interferometry

We present a novel heterodyne approach for performing fast, three-dimensional spectrally encoded imaging. Volumetric data of a volunteer's finger and of coin surfaces were acquired at a rate of 5 volume sets per second with a depth resolution of 145 microm.     

Preference of Chaotic Synchronization in a Coupled Laser System

In a coupled laser system, the dynamics of the receiving laser is investigated when two separate transmitting lasers are injected into the receiving laser with different coupling strengths. It is shown that the phenomenon of preference of chaotic synchronization appears under appropriate coupling conditions. The receiving laser will entrain the pulses of either one or both transmitting lasers when the coupling is strong while it keeps its own dynamics when the coupling is weak.     

Interaction of diethyl aniline methylphosphonate with DNA: Spectroscopic and isothermal titration calorimetry

In this study the diethyl aniline methylphosphonate (DAM) was synthesized, the interaction of DAM with ct-DNA has been investigated by fluorescence spectra, UV spectra, molecular modeling and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The binding constant of DAM to ct-DNA calculated from both isothermal titration calorimetry and fluorescence spectra were found to be in the 10⁴ M⁻¹ range. According to the ethidium bromide displacement studies, UV spectra and isothermal titration calorimetry experimental results, it can be concluded that DAM is an intercalator that can slide into the G-C rich region of ct-DNA. Furthermore, the results obtained from molecular modeling corroborated the experimental results obtanied from spectroscopic and ITC investigations. At the same time, fluorescence spectra suggested that the mechanism of the interaction of DAM to ct-DNA was a static enhancing type. ITC data showed that ct-DNA/DAM binding is enthalpy controlled.     

化学计量学方法在三维荧光光谱分析中的应用

随着分析数据日益复杂,传统的用于光谱分析中的数据处理方法已不能满足分析需要,而化学计量学应用数学、统计学以及计算机等科学的方法与手段,设计和选择最优的量测方法,并通过对数据的解析,可最大限度的获取光谱数据中的有用信息.本文首先介绍了几类常用化学计量学方法分析的三维荧光光谱,其次介绍了常用于光谱分析的化学计量学方法,如统...     

A nanometric plasmonic waveguide filter based on Fabry-Perot resonator

A compact nanometric surface plasmon polariton Fabry-Perot filter based on three metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguides is proposed and studied. The characteristics of this SPP band pass filter are analyzed by the finite difference time domain method and the Fabry-Perot resonance model. The results show that the resonance wavelengths of the pass bands can be linearly changed by the resonant cavity length, and the transmission ratios of the pass bands can be varied by altering the gaps between the MIM waveguides. The metal loss and dispersion effects on the SPP filter's spectra are considered as well. This kind of simple filter is very promising for high density SPP waveguide integrations.     

AgGaS2- and Al-doped GaSe Crystals for IR Applications

We report a systematic study of AgGaS₂- and Al-doped GaSe crystals in comparison with pure GaSe and S-doped GaSe crystals. AgGaS₂-doped GaSe (GaSe:AgGaS₂) crystal was grown by Bridgman technique from the melt of GaSe:AgGaS₂ (10.6 wt.%). Its real composition was identified as GaSe:S (2 wt.%). Al-doped GaSe (GaSe:Al) crystals were grown from the melt of GaSe and 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2 mass % of aluminium. Al content in the grown crystals is too small to be measured. The hardness of GaSe:S (2 wt.%) crystal grown from the melt of GaSe:AgGaS₂ is 25% higher than that of GaSe:S (2 wt.%) crystal grown by a conventional S-doping technique and 1.5- to 1.9-times higher than that of pure GaSe. GaSe:Al crystals are characterized by 2.5- to 3-times higher hardness than that of pure GaSe and by extremely low conductivity of ≤ 10^− 7 Om^− 1 cm^− 1. A comparative experiment on SHG in AgGaS₂-, Al-, S-doped GaSe and pure GaSe is carried out under the pumps of 2.12-2.9 μm fs OPA and 9.2−10.8 μm ns CO₂ laser. It was found that GaSe:S crystals possess the best physical properties for mid-IR applications among these doped GaSe crystals. GaSe:Al crystals have relatively low conductivity which have strong potential for THz application.