Constant and Equivariant Cyclic Cohomology

In this note, we prove that the constant and equivariant cyclic cohomology of algebras coincide. This shows that constant cyclic cohomology is rich and computable.     

Plane Symmetric Viscous Fluid Cosmological Models with Varying <Emphasis Type="Italic">Λ</Emphasis>-Term

Plane symmetric viscous fluid cosmological models of the universe with a variable cosmological term are investigated. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density whereas the coefficient of shear viscosity is to be proportional to rate of expansion in the model. We have also obtained a special model in which the shear viscosity is assumed to be zero. The cosmological constant Λ is found to be a decreasing function of time and a positive which is supported by results from recent supernovae Ia observations. Some physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed.     

Dielectric relaxation of Cr<Superscript>3+</Superscript>-Li<Superscript>+</Superscript> pair centers in Li<Subscript>2</Subscript>Ge<Subscript>7</Subscript>O<Subscript>15</Subscript> crystals

The temperature-frequency dependences of the permittivity of crystals of lithium heptagermanate Li₂Ge₇O₁₅ doped with Cr³⁺ ions are investigated. A dielectric response to reorientation of the dipole moments of the chromium impurity centers is revealed. Anomalies of the permittivity are described within the model of a Debye relaxator.     

Spectral distributions of harmonic generation from electron oscillation driven by intense femtosecond laser pulses

The characteristics of harmonic radiation due to electron oscillation driven by an intense femtosecond laser pulse are analyzed considering a single electron model. An interesting modulated structure of the spectrum is observed and analyzed for different polarization. Higher order harmonic radiations are possible for a sufficiently intense driving laser pulse. We have shown that for a realistic pulsed photon beam, the spectrum of the radiation is red shifted as well as broadened because of changes in the longitudinal velocity of the electrons during the laser pulse. These effects are more pronounced at higher laser intensities giving rise to higher order harmonics that eventually leads to a continuous spectrum. Numerical simulations have further shown that by increasing the laser pulse width broadening of the high harmonic radiations can be limited.     

Room temperature continuous wave operation of 1.33-μm InAs/GaAs quantum dot laser with high output power

Continuous wave operation of a semiconductor laser diode based on five stacks of InAs quantum dots (QDs) embedded within strained InGaAs quantum wells as an active region is demonstrated. At room temperature, 355-Mw output power at ground state of 1.33-1.35μm for a 20-μm ridge-waveguide laser without facet coating is achieved. By optimizing the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth conditions,the QD density per layer is raised to 4 × 1010 cm-2. The laser keeps lasing at ground state until the temperature reaches 65 ℃.     

Simultaneous quantitative evaluation of in-plane and out-of-plane deformation by use of a carrier method of large image-shearing shearography

A carrier method for separating out-of-plane displacement from in-plane components based on large imageshearing shearography is presented. A reference surface is fixed on the side of a test object. They are illuminated by two expanded symmetric illuminations respectively. The carrier is introduced by rotating the reference surface to modulate the displacement of an object. By using Fourier transform to demodulate the modulated fringe pattern, two phase maps, which include out-of-plane and in-plane displacements, can be obtained. Then the out-of-plane displacement can be easily separated from in-plane displacement by subtraction and addition of the two unwrapped phase distributions. The principle of the method is presented and proved by a typical three-point-bending experiment. Experimental results show that the method enjoys high visibility of carrier fringes. The system does not need a special beam as a reference light and has simple optical setup.     

Characteristics of transmission of electrons in a quantum wire tangentially attached to a superconductor ring threaded by magnetic flux

We present numerical investigations of the transmission properties of electrons in a normal quantum wire tangentially attached to a superconductor ring threaded by magnetic flux. A point scatterer with a δ -function potential is placed at node to model scattering effect. We find that the transmission characteristics of electrons in this structure strongly depend on the normal or superconducting state of the ring. The transmission probability as a function of the energy of incident electrons, in the case of a superconductor ring threaded by one quantum magnetic flux, emerges one deep dip, imposed upon the first broad bump in spectrum. This intrinsic conductance dip originates from the superconductor state of the ring. When increasing the magnetic flux from one quantum magnetic flux to two, the spectrum shifts toward higher energy region in the whole. This conductance dip accordingly shifts and appears in the second bump. In the presence of a point-scatterer at the node, the spectrum is substantially modified. Based on the condition of the formation of the standing wave functions in the ring and the broken of the time-reserve symmetry of Schr?dinger equation after switching magnetic flux, the characteristics of transmission of electrons in this structure can be well understood. Received 6 November 2001     

第Ⅰ种非对称两态叠加多模叠加态光场的偶数阶等阶N次方Y压缩

本文利用多模压缩态理论,研究了第Ⅰ种非对称两态叠加多模叠加态光场|Ψ_Ⅰ^(ab)Ⅰ>_q的偶数阶等阶N次方Y压缩特性.结果发现:在压缩阶数N取偶数情况下,只要构成态|Ψ_Ⅰ^(ab)Ⅰ>_q的两个量子光场态的强度(即平均光子数)不相等,则当各模的初始相位φ_j^(a)、φ_j^(b)(j＝1,2,3,…,q)、态间的初始相位差(θ_pq^(bI)-θ_nq^(aR))以及与上述的两个量子光场态相对应的各单模相干态光场的光子干涉项之和 ＝[R_j^(a)R_j^(b)cos(φ_j^(a)-φ_j^(b))]等满足一定条件时,态|Ψ_Ⅰ^(ab)Ⅰ>_q可呈现出周期性变化的、任意偶数阶的等阶N次方Y压缩效应.这一结果与现有文献报道的结果截然不同.     

Dynamic and redundant regulation of LRRK2 and LRRK1 expression

Background  

Mutations within the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene account for a significant proportion of autosomal-dominant and some late-onset sporadic Parkinson's disease. Elucidation of LRRK2 protein function in health and disease provides an opportunity for deciphering molecular pathways important in neurodegeneration. In mammals, LRRK1 and LRRK2 protein comprise a unique family encoding a GTPase domain that controls intrinsic kinase activity. The expression profiles of the murine LRRK proteins have not been fully described and insufficiently characterized antibodies have produced conflicting results in the literature.     

Some basic principles in dynamic theory of viscoelastic materials with voids

According to the basic idea of classical yin-yang complementarity and modern dual-complementarity, in a simple and unified way proposed by Luo, some basic principles in the dynamic theory of viscoelastic materials with voids can be estab- lished systematically. In this paper, an important integral relation in terms of con- volutions is given, which can be considered as the generalized principle of virtual work in mechanics. Based on this relation, it is possible not only to obtain the principle of virtual work and the reciprocal theorem, but also to derive systemati- cally the complementary functionals for the eight-field, six-field, four-field simpli- fied Gurtin-type variational principles and the potential energy-functional for the two-field one in the dynamic theory of viscoelastic materials with voids by the generalized Legendre transformations given in this paper. Furthermore, with this approach, the intrinsic relationship among various principles can be explained clearly.