Yb:GdVO4晶体的缺陷研究

Yb：GdVO4晶体是一种很好的激光材料，但缺陷会对晶体的激光性能产生严重影响，开展对该晶体的缺陷研究有助于提高晶体质量。采用提拉法生长了面25mm×20mm，掺杂浓度为2％的Yb：GdVO4晶体；分析了晶体的结构及其对晶体解理性的影响；采用化学腐蚀法，以盐酸、氢氟酸为腐蚀剂，对晶体的主要晶面进行了化学腐蚀实验，通过其腐蚀坑形貌对晶体中的位错和晶界进行了研究；对晶体进行了高分辨X衍射实验，结果表明晶体中存在镶嵌块结构；开裂及散射颗粒也为晶体中较常见缺陷。分析了缺陷的成因并提出了预防措施。     

Synthesis of polypiperazine-amide thin-film membrane on PPESK hollow fiber UF membrane

A new interfacial polymerization (IP) procedure is developed in order to synthesize polypiperazine-amide thin-film membrane on the inner surface of poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) hollow fiber ultrafiltration (UF) membrane.A hollow fiber composite membrane with good performance was prepared and studied by FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy.     

Stable, reproducible nanorecording on rotaxane thin films

Stable, reversible conductance transitions and memory effects were observed in solid-state rotaxane-based Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) thin films. Taking advantage of the switching property, we have achieved reproducible nanometer-scale recording dots on rotaxane LB films via voltage application using a scanning tunneling microscope probe. The stable and easily controlled conductance switching makes the rotaxanes a hopeful candidate for nanorecording.     

Synthesis of multi-hydroxyl and sulfonyl dual-functionalized room temperature ionic liquids

Starting from the hydroxylamine (dimethyl amino ethanol, triethanolamine) and 1,3-propane sultone, a series of hydroxyl and sulfonyl dual-functionalized zwitterionic salts and corresponding acidic room temperature ionic liquids have been synthesized. The hydroxyl groups of the synthesized substances were confirmed by the 1H NMR measurement. These zwitterionic salts and ionic liquids may be used for synthesizing other functionalized ionic liquids or ionic liquid-polymer (polyelectrolyte).     

Xyloketal H from the mangrove endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. 2508

(3R*,3aR*,9aR*)-3,9a-Dimethyl-2,3,3a,9a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[2,3-b]chromene-5,7-diol (xyloketal H), a representative of a new family of xyloketals, was isolated from the marine-derived mangrove fungus Xylaria sp. 2508. Its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1051–1052, June, 2006.     

Absolute rate constants for the quenching of reactive excited states by melanin and related 5,6-dihydroxyindole metabolites: implications for their antioxidant activity

The triplet-excited state of benzophenone and the singlet-excited state of 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene (Fluorazophore-P) have been employed as kinetic probes to obtain information on the antioxidant activity of the skin and eye pigment melanin and its biogenetic precursors 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA). The excited states were generated by the laser-flash photolysis technique and their reaction kinetics was examined by time-resolved transient absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy, respectively. The reaction between triplet benzophenone and DHI produced with unit efficiency the corresponding 6O-centered semiquinone radical, which was characterized by its characteristic transient absorption. The quenching rate constants for DHI (3.1-8.4 x 10(9) M-1 s-1) and DHICA (3.3-5.5 x 10(9) M-1 s-1) were near the diffusion-controlled limit, indicating excellent antioxidant properties. Kinetic solvent effects were observed. The reactivity of synthetic melanin, assessed through the quenching rate constant of Fluorazophore-P and normalized to the number of monomer units, was more than one order of magnitude lower (2.7 x 10(8) M-1 s-1) than that of its precursors. The trend of the quenching rate constants, i.e. DHI > DHICA approximately alpha-tocopherol > melanin, along with the preferential solubility of DHICA in aqueous environments, serves to account for several experimental results from biochemical studies on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation by these natural antioxidants.     

纳米金修饰玻碳电极在抗坏血酸共存下选择性测定去甲肾上腺素

利用电沉积的方法制得纳米金修饰玻碳电极 ,该修饰电极对去甲肾上腺素 (NE)氧化反应有催化作用。去甲肾上腺素在纳米金修饰玻碳电极上有很强的吸附作用。研究了磷酸缓冲溶液的pH值和浓度对NE的电化学行为的影响。从去甲肾上腺素和抗坏血酸在纳米金修饰电极的循环伏安图上可观察到两个明显分开的氧化峰 ,峰电位差达到 1 3 1mV ,因此 ,可利用该修饰电极在抗坏血酸存在下选择性测定去甲肾上腺素 ,线性范围为 1× 1 0 - 4 ～5× 1 0 - 6 mol L。     

原位漫反射红外光谱研究氮氧化物在Ag-ZSM-5催化剂上的吸附态及选择性催化还原反应机理

利用原位分析方法对催化剂表面吸附态进行动态表征，对了解催化反应机理具有重要的意义。漫反射红外光谱是一种理想的原位方法，应用该方法在298－773K范围原位考察了以丙烯为还原剂，NO在Ag-ZSM-5催化剂上的吸附态及选择性催化还原过程。认为NO的选择性催化还原符合直接作用机理，还原的关键是形成有机－氮氧化物（R－NO2或R－ONO）中间体。O2的作用是使C3H6充分活化，并是有效产生有机－氮氧化物不可缺少的条件。     

Studies on synthesis and infrared and fluorescence spectra of new europium and terbium complexes with an amide-based open-chain crown ether

An amide-based open-chain crown ether ligand and its complexes with europium and terbium were synthesized. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra and conductivity. The europium and terbium ions were found to coordinate to the C=O oxygen atoms and pyridine nitrogen atoms. The fluorescence properties of these complexes in DMF and CH3OH/CHCl3 were studied. Under the excitation of UV light, these complexes exhibit characteristic fluorescence of europium and terbium ions. The solvent factors influencing the fluorescent intensity are discussed.     

Determination of inosine 5′-monophosphate and guanosine 5′-monophosphate in pig feed by capillary zone electrophoresis

A capillary zone clectrophoresis method was developed for the determination of IMP and GIMP, commonly used as flavor enhancers in poultry feed, in a real sample of complex composition. A baseline separation of inosine 5′-monophosphate and guanosine 5′-monophosphate was achieved within 10 min and the other components in the sample did not interfere with the separation. Quantitative results obtained from pig feed samples are presented. The separation conditions and experimental reproducibility are also discussed.