全文获取类型
收费全文 | 53384篇 |
免费 | 8536篇 |
国内免费 | 5688篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 37414篇 |
晶体学 | 657篇 |
力学 | 3102篇 |
综合类 | 333篇 |
数学 | 5982篇 |
物理学 | 20120篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 183篇 |
2023年 | 1121篇 |
2022年 | 2076篇 |
2021年 | 2196篇 |
2020年 | 2274篇 |
2019年 | 2145篇 |
2018年 | 1833篇 |
2017年 | 1786篇 |
2016年 | 2608篇 |
2015年 | 2655篇 |
2014年 | 3108篇 |
2013年 | 3969篇 |
2012年 | 4866篇 |
2011年 | 4805篇 |
2010年 | 3330篇 |
2009年 | 3124篇 |
2008年 | 3347篇 |
2007年 | 2973篇 |
2006年 | 2666篇 |
2005年 | 2289篇 |
2004年 | 1761篇 |
2003年 | 1401篇 |
2002年 | 1277篇 |
2001年 | 1022篇 |
2000年 | 896篇 |
1999年 | 1045篇 |
1998年 | 857篇 |
1997年 | 806篇 |
1996年 | 794篇 |
1995年 | 726篇 |
1994年 | 613篇 |
1993年 | 519篇 |
1992年 | 430篇 |
1991年 | 392篇 |
1990年 | 332篇 |
1989年 | 240篇 |
1988年 | 178篇 |
1987年 | 163篇 |
1986年 | 159篇 |
1985年 | 139篇 |
1984年 | 87篇 |
1983年 | 93篇 |
1982年 | 55篇 |
1981年 | 39篇 |
1980年 | 29篇 |
1979年 | 18篇 |
1977年 | 18篇 |
1976年 | 20篇 |
1975年 | 21篇 |
1972年 | 19篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
211.
The enantiodifferentiating [4+4] photocyclodimerization of anthracenecarboxylic acid (AC) mediated by native, mono- and di-3,6-anhydro-γ-cyclodextrins was investigated in both aqueous solution and solid-state. The solid-state photolyses gave inherently disfavored head-to-head photodimers in much higher chemical and optical yields than in the aqueous solution. 相似文献
212.
213.
甲亚胺与姜黄素测定土壤有效硼方法的对比研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
土壤有效硼是决定土壤供硼能力的重要指标,目前中国多以沸水浸提土壤,并用姜黄素比色测硼值作为作物硼营养丰缺诊断指标.但在长期实践中,发现作物硼营养状况与热水溶性硼的相关性不稳定,同时测定值重现性不良。为提高作物硼营养诊断和预测的准确性,本研究通过0.01mol/LCaCl2在260℃、35min浸提土壤条件下,用甲亚胺比色与沸水浸提,姜黄素比色法测定土壤有效硼的对比研究,证明甲亚胺法测定结果稳定,操作方法简便,适用于低硼土壤的大批量试样的自动分析。为甲亚胺测硼方法的推广应用,本研究已研制甲亚胺粉状试剂获得成功,与进口甲亚胺比较,性能完全一致。 相似文献
214.
使用TPR和H2-TPD技术对镍铝系催化剂的还原和氢脱附性能进行了研究,并与其催化性能相关联。结果发现,镍铝系催化剂的氢脱附能力与其催化性能之间有一定联系,脱附氢能力越强,催化剂的甲烷部分氧化反应性能就越好,但催化性能与还原性能无直接关联。 相似文献
215.
大肠杆菌有限生长的微量热及非线性动力学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The finite growth of Escherichia coli was studied by using a LKB 2277 BioActivity Mollitor. We found that the finite growth is a nonliear dynamic process. The nonlinear dynamic behaviour in the finite growth process and the nonlinear dynamic models describing the process were discovered and established. The curve of logistic map corresponding to the finite growth thermogram of Escherichia coli was obtained and the nonlinear dynamic parameters were calculated by means of a computer. Moreover, we also discussed the nonlinear dynamic characters of Escherichia colt in its finite growth process. 相似文献
216.
217.
218.
Determination of impurities in highly pure platinum by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this work, a cyclone spray chamber system is used in conjunction with an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer instead of the conventional Scott-type chamber system to reduce the lower limit of detection achieved by the instrument, and an internal standard element (Y) is introduced to eliminate the effects caused by the drift in the plasma background level. An ICP-AES method for the determination of 13 impurity elements in a highly pure platinum sample has been developed. In this method, it is not necessary either to add a platinum matrix to the calibration standard or to separate and concentrate the elements to be determined in the samples. The effect of the platinum matrix on the elements to be analyzed is corrected for by a background equivalent concentration subtraction method. The determination ranges of the method are as follows: 0.00010-0.0050% for Mg, Mn, Cu, Ag, Fe and Zn; 0.00030-0.015% for Au, Ir, Ni and Pb; 0.00050-0.025% for Rh and Al; and 0.00080-0.040% for Pd. The method is simple, rapid and accurate, and can be applied to the analysis of 99.9–99.995% pure platinum. 相似文献
219.
Yong Zhao Xianliang Sheng Jin Zhai Lei Jiang Chunhe Yang Zhongwei Sun Yongfang Li Daoben Zhu 《Chemphyschem》2007,8(6):856-861
Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) photoelectrodes with micro/nano hierarchical branched inner channels have been prepared by an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) technique and assembled to form dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Excellent penetration of ionic-liquid electrolytes and enhanced light harvesting in the longer wavelength region are realized within the composite-structure electrode, thus a better fill factor (ff) of 75.3 % and higher conversion efficiency (eta) of 7.1 % are obtained for viscous ionic-liquid electrolytes compared to pure nanostructured films. Hierarchical branched channels in the photoanodes can efficiently improve the transport properties of redox-active species in viscous electrolytes, which is demonstrated by electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The incident monochromatic photon-to-electron conversion efficiency (IPCE) shows that enhanced light scattering in the composite film is of benefit for light harvesting and thus for solar energy conversion efficiency. 相似文献
220.
Piezoelectric diffuse reflectance spectroelectrochemistry (PDRSEC), a new technique of diffuse reflectance spectroelectrochemistry (DRSEC) in combination with electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), was developed to study the electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and o-anthranilic acid in 1.0 mol l(-1) HClO4 and the properties of these copolymers. The DRSEC using an integral sphere was proven to possess a higher optical sensitivity at the unpolished piezoelectric quartz crystal electrodes used than the mirror reflectance spectroelectrochemistry mode. The copolymers grown from the copolymerization bath of different molar fractions of o-anthranilic acid (F1, relative to the total amount of the two monomers) showed intermediate properties between those of the homopolymers, which varied gradually with F1. The swelling/dissolution behavior of the copolymers vs solution pH was traced via the EQCM frequency and resistance signals, and its large dependence on F1 was found and discussed. In a HAc-NaAc buffer solution at pH 5.6, the amount of adsorbed lysozyme was found to be positively correlated with F1, via an EQCM impedance investigation, demonstrating the feasibility of using poly(aniline-co-o-anthranilic acid) as a load-adjustable immobilization matrix for cationic proteins. The novel PDRSEC method proposed is highly recommended for surface electrochemistry studies at relatively rough electrodes. 相似文献