Facile Synthesis of Manganese Tellurite Nanoparticles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy

In this study, manganese tellurite (MnTeO₃) nanoparticles are developed as theranostic agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided photothermal therapy of tumor. MnTeO₃ nanoparticles are synthesized via a simple one-step method. The as-synthesized MnTeO₃ nanoparticles with uniform size show good biocompatibility. In particular, MnTeO₃ nanoparticles exhibit a high photothermal conversion efficiency (η = 26.3%), which is higher than that of gold nanorods. Moreover, MnTeO₃ nanoparticles also have high MRI performance. The longitudinal relaxivity (r₁) value of MnTeO₃ nanoparticles is determined to be 8.08 ± 0.2 mm ⁻¹ s⁻¹, which is higher than that of clinically approved T₁-contrast agents Gd-DTPA (4.49 ± 0.1 mm ⁻¹ s⁻¹). The subsequent MnTeO₃ nanoparticles-mediated photothermal therapy displays a highly efficient ablation of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo with negligible toxicity. It is demonstrated that MnTeO₃ nanoparticles can serve as promising theranostic agents with great potentials for MRI-guided photothermal therapy.     

Tantalum Nitride Nanosheets for Photoacoustic Imaging-Guided Photothermal Cancer Therapy

In this study, the synthesis of TaN nanosheets and their application in theranostic agents is reported. After coating polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the TaN nanosheets, the as-synthesized PEG-modified TaN nanosheets (TaN-PEG) show good stability and biocompatibility. Because of their high absorbance in the near-IR region, TaN-PEG can be utilized as photoacoustic imaging contrast agents for tumor imaging. Moreover, TaN-PEG has significant photothermal conversion performance, exhibiting effective laser-induced tumor ablation capability. The TaN-PEG possessing excellent photoacoustic contrast effect and photothermal properties thus have great promise in theranostic applications, especially imaging-guided cancer treatment.     

150 kV全固态高压脉冲发生器设计

设计了一种基于全固态MOSFET半导体开关器件的Marx脉冲发生器。充电回路用快恢复二极管代替充电电阻,减小了充电部分功率损耗;将主电路和驱动电路集成在一起,采用自取电模式给驱动电路供电;由光纤传输驱动信号,抑制了放电回路对触发信号的干扰;采用顺/逆时针方向环形分布的紧凑型拓扑结构,不仅减小了回路电感,而且实现了脉冲发生器的小型化与模块化。所设计的Marx发生器充电部分仅需提供900 V低压,用180级单元串联,获得最高幅值为150 kV、脉宽1~5 s可调的高压快脉冲,前沿控制在500 ns以内。利用该脉冲发生器在50 k电阻和5 pF电容并联的等效负载上进行了一系列实验;比较分析了脉冲发生器工作过程中影响脉冲上升沿的几个主要因素,包括回路电感、MOSFET驱动电压及主回路分布电容等,并讨论了提升脉冲前沿的技术措施。     

±100 kV三电极场畸变气体火花开关

设计了一种用于直线变压器驱动源的三电极场畸变气体火花开关。开关采用SF6气体绝缘,开关尺寸和电感较小,实测开关电感约为67 nH。在工作电压80 kV、工作系数为70%时,开关触发时延为40.0 ns,抖动约2.8 ns。对比研究了钨铜合金和黄铜两种电极材料对开关静态和触发击穿特性的影响,研究结果表明：铜钨合金电极开关的自击穿电压分散性、触发时延及抖动、自放电概率和电极表面烧蚀均小于黄铜电极,更适宜作为三电极场畸变开关的电极材料。     

脉冲压缩电路磁开关动态特性

提出在典型一阶磁脉冲压缩电路的基础上,测取磁芯在实际工作条件下的动态磁滞回线和饱和磁导率等磁参数,再根据所获得的动态参数指导磁开关设计,进行一阶磁压缩实验。实验选取国内外被广泛应用的非晶磁芯和纳米晶磁芯进行测试,根据实测动态磁参数设计磁开关。实测结果表明：用国产非晶磁芯做磁开关可得到上升沿73 ns、电压幅值28.3 kV、半高宽为503 ns的脉冲,用日本产的纳米晶磁芯做磁开关可得到上升沿30 ns、电压幅值28.4 kV、半高宽为193 ns的脉冲。     

电磁轨道发射装置隔离式分压器

研制了一套用于测量电磁发射装置轨道电压信号的隔离式分压器,实现了测量回路与被测回路之间的电隔离,简化了电磁发射装置测试系统的复杂性。并对影响隔离式分压器频率响应的元件参数进行了参数扫描,结果表明：研制的分压器在-3 dB区间的频率响应范围为14 Hz~18 MHz,满足电磁发射装置轨道电压信号的测试要求。使用P6015A高压探头进行比对标定,输出信号的前沿约1s,频率响应满足电磁轨道发射装置轨道电压信号的测量要求。同时用隔离式分压器及电阻分压器测量轨道电压信号,两者波形符合较好。     

20 MA/300 ns Marx型直接驱动Z箍缩脉冲源

基于金属外壳1.0 F/40 nH/100 kV的电容器和100 kV/200 kA气体开关,提出了电流20 MA、前沿300 ns Marx型直接驱动Z箍缩负载的脉冲功率源概念设想,共40路并联,每路为6个Marx并联驱动一条水介质传输线, Marx为18级串联。分析了关键单元（电容器和气体开关）的技术可行性,建立了PSpice电路模型,模拟计算了Marx建立时间分散性、水介质传输线阻抗对负载电流的影响,模拟结果表明：Marx建立时间分散性从10 ns增加到60 ns时,负载电流前沿从平均282 ns增加到287 ns,峰值从21.0 MA降低到19.8 MA,脉宽几乎不变;Marx建立时间分散性对负载电流的影响随着并联数目增加变小;采用4.2 等阻抗传输线,负载电流最大。     

纳秒激光诱导熔石英光学玻璃的损伤增长

利用Nd:YAG激光器研究了纳秒激光诱导熔石英光学玻璃的初始损伤及损伤增长,对比研究了损伤程度和损伤形貌随激光波长、能量密度、脉冲数及位置的变化规律,并对损伤机制进行了分析和讨论。研究结果表明：初始损伤受损伤先驱的物理化学性质和激光参数的影响,而损伤增长规律与初始损伤程度、激光参数和位置有关;后表面的损伤随脉冲数的增加呈指数关系增长,前表面则呈线性关系;裂纹的产生及其在后续脉冲辐照下的发展是后表面损伤增长的主要原因,高温等离子体表面刻蚀是前表面损伤增长的主要原因     

多间隙气体开关电感

介绍了一种用于快脉冲直线变压器的低电感多间隙气体开关。专门构造了多种形式的单通道放电实验,测量了在不同形态单通道放电时的开关电感,研究发现:单通道放电时开关电感除了受到角向电流的影响,还与电弧通道引起的放电回路面积变化有关,开关电感理论计算值与单通道放电时的实测结果最接近;开关在自放电和触发时,均形成了多通道放电,电感明显降低,触发时开关电感最小约为49 nH,电极角向电流的影响可以忽略。     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (Z)-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-7-(5-fluoro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-2-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indole-3-carboxamide Methanol Solvate

The crystal structure of a new compound (Z)-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-7-(5- fluoro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-2-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indole-3-carboxamidemethanol solvate (C24H29FN4O2CH4O, Mr = 456.55) has been prepared and determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 14.560(3), b = 7.3200(2), c = 22.233(4) , β = 101.78(3)°, V = 2319.7(8) 3 , Z = 4, Dc = 1.307 g/cm 3 , F(000) = 976, μ = 0.092 mm -1 , MoKa radiation (λ = 0.71073), R = 0.0604 and wR = 0.1644 for 4262 observed reflections with I > 2 (I). X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the indole and pyrrole are almost coplanar. Intramolecular C-H···O and N-H···O hydrogen bonds together with π-π interactions are found in the structure.