全文获取类型
收费全文 | 22559篇 |
免费 | 3748篇 |
国内免费 | 2586篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 15912篇 |
晶体学 | 313篇 |
力学 | 1373篇 |
综合类 | 215篇 |
数学 | 2299篇 |
物理学 | 8781篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 82篇 |
2023年 | 514篇 |
2022年 | 765篇 |
2021年 | 841篇 |
2020年 | 929篇 |
2019年 | 874篇 |
2018年 | 756篇 |
2017年 | 710篇 |
2016年 | 1093篇 |
2015年 | 1097篇 |
2014年 | 1244篇 |
2013年 | 1610篇 |
2012年 | 2038篇 |
2011年 | 2059篇 |
2010年 | 1387篇 |
2009年 | 1217篇 |
2008年 | 1431篇 |
2007年 | 1415篇 |
2006年 | 1219篇 |
2005年 | 1079篇 |
2004年 | 769篇 |
2003年 | 665篇 |
2002年 | 614篇 |
2001年 | 474篇 |
2000年 | 448篇 |
1999年 | 500篇 |
1998年 | 376篇 |
1997年 | 375篇 |
1996年 | 317篇 |
1995年 | 300篇 |
1994年 | 307篇 |
1993年 | 254篇 |
1992年 | 207篇 |
1991年 | 204篇 |
1990年 | 184篇 |
1989年 | 116篇 |
1988年 | 90篇 |
1987年 | 90篇 |
1986年 | 61篇 |
1985年 | 46篇 |
1984年 | 44篇 |
1983年 | 26篇 |
1982年 | 26篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 14篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1957年 | 4篇 |
1936年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Zhe Wang Hongzhe Ni Chengji Zhao Xianfeng Li Tiezhu Fu Hui Na 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2006,44(14):1967-1978
The sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone sulfone) (SPEEKS)/heteropolyacid (HPA) composite membranes with different HPA content in SPEEKS copolymers matrix with different degree of sulfonation (DS) were investigated for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Composite membranes were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR band shifts suggested that the sulfonic acid groups on the copolymer backbone strongly interact with HPA particles. SEM pictures showed that the HPA particles were uniformly distributed throughout the SPEEKS membranes matrix and particle sizes decreased with the increment of copolymers' DS. The holes were not found in SPEEKS‐4/HPA30 (consisting of 70% SPEEKS copolymers with DS = 0.8 and 30% HPA) composite membrane after composite membranes were treated with boiling water for 24 h. Thermal stabilities of the composite membranes were better than those of pure sulfonated copolymers membranes. Although the composite membranes possessed lower water uptake, it exhibited higher proton conductivity for SPEEKS‐4/HPA30 especially at high temperature (above 100 °C). Its proton conductivity linearly increased from 0.068 S/cm at 25 °C to 0.095 S/cm at 120 °C, which was higher than 0.06 S/cm of Nafion 117. In contrast, proton conductivity of pure SPEEKS‐4 membrane only increased from 0.062 S/cm at 25 °C to 0.078 S/cm at 80 °C. At 120 °C, proton conductivity decreased to poor 0.073 S/cm. The result indicated that composite membranes exhibited high proton conductivity at high temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 1967–1978, 2006 相似文献
62.
Yan Zhao Xingbin Yang Ru Jiang Xiaoli Sun Wenmin Liu Shengyong Zhang 《Analytical sciences》2006,22(5):747-751
The investigation on capillary electrophoretic enantioseparation of six synthetic compounds containing vicinal diol groups has been undertaken to acquire the optimum conditions using native beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) as chiral selector and borate as a background electrolyte. The separation was carried out in an uncoated capillary (58.5 cm x 75 microm i.d., effective length 48.5 cm) and the effects of several important factors were investigated in detail. The results showed that beta-CD as a chiral selector exhibited good enantioselectivity and that the enantioseparation was greatly influenced by the structure of the diols, the borate concentration and the buffer pH. The optimum performance was obtained for the chiral vicinal diols under the conditions of 200 mM borate buffer of pH 9.8 containing 1.7% beta-CD at an applied voltage of 15 kV and a capillary temperature of 20 degrees C. Under the conditions, four diols were baseline separated with fast analysis time and the good theoretical plate numbers (above 10 x 10(4)) and favorable migration-time reproducibilities (RSDs below 3.0%) were obtained. The separation results were satisfactory. 相似文献
63.
A simple “chimney” method was used to eliminate the voids in an arrangement of quantum dots sized 2 nm on a solid substrate, which resulted in a large well ordered superlattice of area in the order more than 1 μm2. Based on the principle of speeding up the interparticle interaction of nanoparticles to overcome the particle-substrate one, a lateral centripetal force originated from a glass tube acting as a chimney in a simple evaporation device is imposed. This method allows the packing process to be controlled in a mechanical force field, that is, with the same nanogold dispersion different patterns on a substrate—from separate dots to an ordered compact monolayer or even a multilayer structure—could be easily obtained. 相似文献
64.
环形线电荷的电场分布 总被引:30,自引:10,他引:20
给出了圆环形线电荷电场分布的理论公式,并利用计算机计算出其具体分布规律。 相似文献
65.
双折射双频激光器偏振特性的分析 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
用激光原理和晶体光学原理分析了腔内加旋光晶体的激光器输出光的偏振特性,实验和分析表明,激光器输出两束不同频率的垂直线偏振光,激光器两端输出光的偏振面有一夹角a,且此夹角与晶轴和传光方向的夹角θ有关。理论计算结果在双折射双频激光器的实验结果符合很好。 相似文献
66.
Jiang Meiyue 《数学学报(英文版)》1993,9(2):129-138
In this paper, we use the variational method to study the existence of periodic and generalized periodic solutions of planar
second order Hamiltonian systems when a singular potential is present. The results obtained are applied to the study of generalized
periodic solutions of the Restricted Three-Body Problem and the Planarn-Body Problem. 相似文献
67.
68.
Enantioselective catalytic trimethylsilylcyanations of aldehydes with 48% to 92% e.e. have been studied using the novel Ti-chiral Schiff base complexes. We have found that the catalyst led to high enantoselectivity when the molar ratio of the Schiff base 1 to Ti(O-i-Pr)4 was 2:1. 相似文献
69.
本文研究了含羧基聚有机硅氧烷——PEO复合物与LiCF_3SO_3复合膜的离子传导性能。实验结果表明,利用PEO与含羧基聚有机硅氧烷复合的方法能进一步提高含羧基聚有机硅氧烷—Li~+固体电解质膜的离子传导性。此复合膜在室温下的离子导电率可达10~(-5)S cm~(-1)。本文还研究了复合膜中所用PEO的分子量、PEO用量,LiCF_3SO_3含量、交联剂用量及温度对复合膜离子传导性的影响。 相似文献
70.
聚乙烯单晶的退火效应 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
用混合晶红外光谱法和SAXS、DSC和LAM等方法研究了聚乙烯单晶在75℃、90℃和105℃退火前后的结构变化,发现在90℃以下和105℃以上退火,遵循不同的退火机制 相似文献