Fusion reactions with the one-neutron halo nucleus (15)C

The structure of (15)C, with an s(1/2) neutron weakly bound to a closed-neutron shell nucleus (14)C, makes it a prime candidate for a one-neutron halo nucleus. We have for the first time studied the cross section for the fusion-fission reaction (15)C+(232)Th at energies in the vicinity of the Coulomb barrier and compared it to the yield of the neighboring (14)C+(232)Th system measured in the same experiment. At sub-barrier energies, an enhancement of the fusion yield by factors of 2-5 was observed for (15)C, while the cross sections for (14)C match the trends measured for (12,13)C.     

Characterization and oxidation behavior of NiCoCrAlY coating fabricated by electrophoretic deposition and vacuum heat treatment

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was showed to be a feasible and convenient method to fabricate NiCoCrAlY coatings on nickel based supperalloys. The microstructure and composition of the NiCoCrAlY coatings after vacuum heat treatment were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Isothermal-oxidation test was performed at 1100 °C in static air for 100 h. The results show that the major phases in electrophoretic deposited and vacuum heat treated NiCoCrAlY coating are γ-Ni and γ′-Ni₃Al phases, also there is an extremely small quantity of Al₂O₃ in the coating. Composition fluctuations occur in the coating and a certain amount of titanium diffuse from the superalloy substrate to the top of the coating during vacuum heat treatment. The oxidation test results exhibit that the oxidation kinetics of this coating has two typical stages. The protective oxide layer is mainly formed in the initial linear growth stage and then the oxide layer hinders further oxidation of the coating in the subsequent parabolic growth stage. The coating can effectively protect the superalloy substrate from oxidation. A certain amount of rutile TiO₂ is formed in the coating during oxidation and it is adverse to the oxidation resistance of the coating.     

磁控溅射制备的W,WSi2,Si单层膜和W/Si,WSi2/Si多层膜应力

采用直流磁控溅射技术制备了厚度约100 nm的W,WSi2,Si单层膜和周期约为20 nm,Si膜层厚度与周期的比值为0.5的W/Si,WSi2/Si周期多层膜.利用台阶仪对镀膜前后基底表面的面形进行了测试,计算并比较了不同膜系的应力值.结果表明:W单层膜表现出较大的压应力,而W/Si周期膜则表现为张应力.WSi2单层...     

紧凑型X-pinch装置探头标定

 介绍了紧凑型X-pinch脉冲功率装置的电流电压测量设计方法。根据该装置的同轴传输线结构特点,研制了一种利用金属膜连接传输线外筒与负载外筒,构成回路测量负载电流的探头。在传输线末端设计电容分压器作为测量负载电压的探头,并利用电路模拟软件对此过程进行模拟,同时这两个探头需要进行在线标定。实验研究结果表明,该探头性能稳定、响应快,是测量负载电流与电压的理想工具。     

Phase-controlled preparation of iron (oxyhydr)oxide nanocrystallines for heavy metal removal

Obtaining cost-effective iron (oxyhydr)oxide nanocrystallines is the essential prerequisite for their future extensive applications in environmental remediation, such as the removal of heavy metals from contaminated waters. Here, various phases of iron (oxyhydr)oxide nanocrystallines were simply synthesized from the phase-controlled transformation of amorphous hydrous ferric- or ferrous-oxide in thermal solution with a certain ethanol/water ratio and with the presence of oleic acid. According to this method, goethite nanorods in diameter of 3–4 nm, hematite nanocubes sized 20–30 nm, and magnetite nanoparticles in diameter of 6–7 nm were successfully obtained. The final products of this transformation can be conveniently controlled by adjusting the reaction parameters, such as pH, temperature, and ethanol/water ratio. Due to the enhanced specific surface area and probably the modifications of the surface structure of nanocrystallines, the as-synthesized goethite nanorods and magnetite nanoparticles demonstrated extremely strong As(III) affinity, with 5.8 and 54 times of As(III) adsorption, respectively, higher than the micron-sized relatives. The cost-effective feature of as-synthesized nanocrystallines and their remarkably enhanced affinity toward arsenic made them potentially applicable for the removal of arsenic and such like heavy metals from the contaminated environment.     

水中镉含量的激光诱导击穿光谱高灵敏快速检测

 为了对水中的痕量镉进行高灵敏快速检测,实验采用一种未受污染的薄木片作为基底来吸收水样品,将其晾干后再用激光诱导击穿光谱（LIBS）技术对其进行分析,克服了用LIBS技术直接分析水样品时灵敏度低和稳定性差等问题。实验中选择214.44 nm的镉离子线作为分析线以提高光谱检测的灵敏度,建立了用于定量分析的校正曲线,镉的检出限达到55 μg/L,重复测量的信号相对标准偏差小于5%,单次测量的时间短于5 min。     

大口径高性能激光钕玻璃研究进展

在概述国内外高功率激光钕玻璃的发展及其主要性质的基础上,重点论述了上海光学精密机械研究所在大口径N31高功率激光钕玻璃半连续熔炼工艺、连续熔炼工艺、包边工艺等方面的研究进展。报道了半连续熔炼工艺制备的不同Nd2O3浓度N31钕玻璃的光吸收损耗和荧光寿命及小信号增益系数,并给出了这些钕玻璃坯片小信号增益系数的波动范围。通过对半连续熔炼和连续熔炼工艺制备的N31激光钕玻璃主要性能的比较,证明连续熔炼工艺制备的N31钕玻璃的主要性能指标与半连续熔炼的性能相当。对于400 mm大口径N31钕玻璃坯片的包边进行了模拟考核,结果表明,采用现有包边工艺的钕玻璃可以承受1 000次高功率氙灯辐射。     

活性炭负载硅钼钒杂多酸催化苯羟基化反应

以活性炭为载体,采用回流吸附法制备了负载型硅钼钒杂多酸催化剂,以冰醋酸作溶剂,过氧化氢作氧化剂,研究了由苯直接羟基化制苯酚的催化活性。结果表明,苯为2mL,冰醋酸为15mL,过氧化氢为5mL,当负载型杂多酸的用量为0.2g、反应温度70℃、反应时间60m in时,硅钼钒催化合成苯酚的收率可达7.4%,选择性达97.1%。     

Pump-to-Stokes transfer of relative intensity noise in Brillouin fiber ring lasers

We have experimentally investigated pump-to-Stokes intensity noise transfer in both the frequency domain and the time domain in all-fiber single-frequency Brillouin ring lasers. In the high-frequency region (>1MHz), the pump-to-Stokes noise transfer function can be much smaller than unity, indicating that the Brillouin fiber lasers act as an efficient low-pass filter. The maximum noise reduction of 40-60 dB was observed at antiresonant frequencies that are multiples of half the cavity free spectral range. This is the first experimental demonstration, to the authors' knowledge, of intensity noise reduction in Brillouin fiber lasers.     

Highly efficient high-power thulium-doped germanate glass fiber laser

A 64 W fiber laser at 1.9 microm with a slope efficiency of 68% with respect to the launching pump power at 800 nm was demonstrated in a one-end pump configuration using a piece of 20 cm long newly developed thulium-doped germanate glass double-cladding single-mode fiber. A quantum efficiency of 1.8 was achieved. An output laser power of 104 W at 1.9 microm was demonstrated from a piece of 40 cm long fiber with a dual-end pump configuration.