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881.
Qun-Yong Zhang You-Bang Zhan Ling-Ling Zhang Peng-Cheng Ma 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2009,48(12):3331-3338
In this paper we propose two schemes for quantum information splitting via tripartite entangled states. Explicit protocols
for the quantum information splitting of a single qubit state and an arbitrary two-qubit entangled state are illustrated.
We also consider the security against certain eavesdropping attacks. Moreover, a generalization of the scheme to multi-particle
case is also outlined. 相似文献
882.
A compact diode-end-pumped passively Q-switched intra-cavity frequency doubled Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG composite crystal laser was demonstrated. The pulsed laser at 532 nm was produced and the dependence of the average out
power, pulse width and pulse repetition rate on incident pump power were measured. Under the pump power of 14 W, the minimum
pulse width of 3.5 ns with repetition rate of 27.5 kHz was obtained, corresponding single-pulse energy of 18 μJ and peak power
of 5.3 kW. 相似文献
883.
Objective and motivationTime-of-flight (TOF) tomography used by a clinical ultrasound tomography device can efficiently and reliably produce sound-speed images of the breast for cancer diagnosis. Accurate picking of TOFs of transmitted ultrasound signals is extremely important to ensure high-resolution and high-quality ultrasound sound-speed tomograms. Since manually picking is time-consuming for large datasets, we developed an improved automatic TOF picker based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC), as described in this paper.MethodsWe make use of an approach termed multi-model inference (model averaging), based on the calculated AIC values, to improve the accuracy of TOF picks. By using multi-model inference, our picking method incorporates all the information near the TOF of ultrasound signals. Median filtering and reciprocal pair comparison are also incorporated in our AIC picker to effectively remove outliers.ResultsWe validate our AIC picker using synthetic ultrasound waveforms, and demonstrate that our automatic TOF picker can accurately pick TOFs in the presence of random noise with absolute amplitudes up to 80% of the maximum absolute signal amplitude. We apply the new method to 1160 in vivo breast ultrasound waveforms, and compare the picked TOFs with manual picks and amplitude threshold picks. The mean value and standard deviation between our TOF picker and manual picking are 0.4 μs and 0.29 μs, while for amplitude threshold picker the values are 1.02 μs and 0.9 μs, respectively. Tomograms for in vivo breast data with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (∼25 dB) and low SNR (∼18 dB) clearly demonstrate that our AIC picker is much less sensitive to the SNRs of the data, compared to the amplitude threshold picker.Discussion and conclusionsThe picking routine developed here is aimed at determining reliable quantitative values, necessary for adding diagnostic information to our clinical ultrasound tomography device - CURE. It has been successfully adopted into CURE, and allows us to generate such values reliably. We demonstrate that in vivo sound-speed tomograms with our TOF picks significantly improve the reconstruction accuracy and reduce image artifacts. 相似文献
884.
Xiaochuan Xia Yuantao Jian Xin Dong Yuantao Zhang Guoxing Li Yan Ma Guotong Du 《Applied Surface Science》2009,255(12):6313-6317
In this paper ZnO films are grown on GaAs/Al2O3 substrates at different temperature by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The GaAs/Al2O3 substrates are formed by depositing GaAs layer (∼35 nm) on the Al2O3 substrate. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrate that most of the Ga and As atoms form Ga-As bond and the GaAs layer does not present any orientation. The characters of the ZnO films grown on GaAs/Al2O3 substrates are investigated by XRD, photoluminescence (PL), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman scattering. Compared with ZnO film grown on Al2O3 substrate, ZnO film prepared by our fabrication scheme has good crystal and optical quality. Meanwhile its grain size becomes bigger according to the AFM image. Raman analysis indicates that the intrinsic defects and the in-plane tensile stress are obviously reduced in ZnO/GaAs/Al2O3 samples. 相似文献
885.
Qian Gao Fenghua Chen Jilin Zhang Jiazuan Ni 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2009,321(8):1052-1057
The surface structure of the iron oxide nanoparticles obtained by the co-precipitation method has been investigated, and a thin layer of α-FeOOH absorbed on surface of the nanoparticle is confirmed by analyses of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS). After annealed at 400 °C, the α-FeOOH can be converted to γ-Fe2O3. The simple-annealed procedure resulted in the formation of Fe3O4@γ-Fe2O3 core/shell structure with improved stability and a higher magnetic saturation value, and also the simple method can be used to obtain core/shell structure in other similar system. 相似文献
886.
光干涉技术与天文望远镜技术的结合是提高天文观测分辨率的一种有效方法.采用望远镜阵代替单个大口径望远镜来集光观测,利用最大基线的概念来等效传统光学望远镜的最大口径,很大程度上解决了单个望远镜集光能力不足、角分辨率不高的问题.然而对于光干涉来说,在应用中,只有满足:两束光的相位差δ必须相对稳定、存在相互平行的振动分量、频率相同、两光波在相遇点所产生振动的振幅相差不悬殊和两光波在相遇点的光程差(OPD)应在相干长度之内等这些条件时才能部分相干.光学综合孔径(OAS)望远镜产生干涉条纹的前提条件是子望远镜之间必须两两相干.推导了双光束光干涉的要求,并从双光束干涉的平行性和光程差的要求出发,研究并得出光学综合孔径望远镜子望远镜的平行性和光程差的要求.结合双光束干涉的恒星光干涉仪的光束平行性和光程差的调整方案,研究并得到了光学综合孔径望远镜子望远镜的平行性和光程差调整的光学方案,并讨论了该系统的改进措施. 相似文献
887.
888.
A novel method to measure the absolute phase shift on reflection of thin film is presented utilizing a white-light interferometer in spectral domain. By applying Fourier transformation to the recorded spectral interference signal, we retrieve the spectral phase function Ф, which is induced by three parts: the path length difference in air L, the effective thickness of slightly dispersive cube beam splitter Teff and the nonlinear phase function due to multi-reflection of the thin film structure. We utilize the fact that the overall optical path difference (OPD) is linearly dependent on the refractive index of the beam splitter to determine both L and Teff. The spectral phase shift on reflection of thin film structure can be obtained by subtracting these two parts from Ф. We show theoretically and experimentally that our new method can provide a simple and fast solution in calculating the absolute spectral phase function of optical thin films, while still maintaining high accuracy. 相似文献
889.
The influences of various laser modes on the splitting beam effect of Dammann grating are studied in theory and by numerical simulation. The results show that fundamental mode laser resembles plane wave while high order mode laser differs from plane wave in the splitting beam effect by Dammann grating. Therefore, the fundamental mode laser is more suitable to be the light source to improve the energy efficiency in far-distance image detecting systems, such as laser image ladar, which use Dammann grating in the ilhlmination svstem. 相似文献
890.