化学生物学中识别与组装的若干问题

化学与生物学的交叉与融合产生了新学科——化学生物学,开拓了化学和生物学研究的新领域,使人类得以从分子水平来阐释生命过程,揭示生命的奥秘。分子识别和组装是体系的构筑与功能集成的基础,也是自然界生物进行信息存贮、复制和传递的基础,以此来研究构筑具有特定生物学功能的超分子体系,对揭示生命现象和过程具有重要意义。本文结合我们的研究工作从（1）谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)模拟与底物识别;（2）医用再生材料与活性支架;（3）类病毒颗粒的组装与解组装3个方面讨论了化学生物学中的识别与组装的意义。     

有机硅耐磨透明涂料

详细总结了构成有机硅耐磨涂料的主要原料，无机溶胶添加剂、溶剂及其他助剂，对兼有防雾性、可染色性、抗静电性、紫外吸收性的耐磨涂料进行了介绍，给出了ＪＤ涂覆液的制备及涂层的性能。     

Artificial selenoenzymes: designed and redesigned

Enzymes, highly evolved machinery developed by nature, catalyse reactions with formidable efficiency and specificity under mild conditions. Considerable efforts have been devoted for several decades on the development of enzyme-like catalysts with tailored properties by rationally manipulating natural and artificially synthesized host molecules. One of the great challenges is to design artificial systems with catalytic efficiencies and specificities rivalling natural components. Although most of the designed artificial enzymes present mild rate promotion, the high efficiency and specificity rivalling natural ones by artificially designed system appears. In this tutorial review, we recount the methods and strategies of design and redesign of artificial selenoenzymes on synthesized and natural hosts, with emphasis on construction of the active sites of antioxidative glutathione peroxidase (GPx) by the concept of synergy between recognition and catalysis (66 references).     

Organic electroluminescent devices and their application

Several organic electroluminescent devices have been fabricated by multi-source high vacuum deposition system. For high brightness organic electroluminescent device, the maximum brightness is over 40000 cd/m². For quantum well structures, quantum size effect has been investigated and the high light emission efficiencies of the devices have been obtained. White-light emission from organic multi-quantum well structures is proposed at first. Brightness of the white-light MQW devices reaches 4000 cd/m² at 17 V. Presented at the 1st Czech-Chinese Workshop “Advanced Materials for Optoelectronics”, Prague, Czech Republic, June 13–17, 1998. The research is supported by the National “863” Project of China [No. 863-307-05-05(02)] and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 69637010].     

Polyphosphazene Microcapsules Fabricated through Covalent Assembly

Hollow polyphosphazene microcapsules have been fabricated by the covalent layer‐by‐layer assembly of polydichlorophosphazene (PDCP) and hexamethylenediamine (HDA) on aminosilanized silica particles, followed by core removal in a HF/NH₄F solution. The hollow and intact microcapsules in both wet and dry states have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The chemical structure of the microcapsules has been verified by FT‐IR spectroscopy. The microcapsules could be hydrolytically degraded in a phosphate buffer at biological pH.

     

Electron transfer between two stable radicals

Electron spin resonance (ESR) is a sensitive tool to detect the electron-transfer processes in some specified systems from the change of the ESR signals. In this paper, the interaction between poly(N,N-dimethylaniline) (PDMA) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was investigated by ESR spectra based on the stability of their radicals in ethanol. It is shown that an electron-transfer process occurs from nitrogen atoms of PDMA molecules to those of DPPH molecules which makes PDMA form more stable radical cations and eliminates the radicals on DPPH.     

A new kind of ultrathin film—The assembly of amphiphilic polymer

Various organized behaviors of a new kind of amphiphilic polymer was investigated in organic solvents, at air-water interface and in ordered cast film     

模拟谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性三肽的合成及表征

用Ｂ，Ｂ－二氟硼杂唑烷酮保护谷氨酸的α－氨基和α－羧基，通过液相合成法制得谷氨酰－γ－丝氨酰－甘氨酸三肽。结合苯甲基磺酰氟（ＰＭＳＦ）与硒化氢（Ｈ２Ｓｅ）的突变，再经纯化制得具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的三肽模拟物，即γ－谷氨酰－硒代半腕氨酰－甘氨酸。元素分析、氨基酸分析均证明了两种三肽的结构。电子能谱技术分析测得硒的价态及含量。