全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1160篇 |
免费 | 27篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 662篇 |
晶体学 | 3篇 |
力学 | 8篇 |
数学 | 90篇 |
物理学 | 428篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 22篇 |
2015年 | 10篇 |
2014年 | 27篇 |
2013年 | 52篇 |
2012年 | 62篇 |
2011年 | 76篇 |
2010年 | 41篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 80篇 |
2007年 | 79篇 |
2006年 | 73篇 |
2005年 | 78篇 |
2004年 | 89篇 |
2003年 | 63篇 |
2002年 | 60篇 |
2001年 | 27篇 |
2000年 | 27篇 |
1999年 | 27篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1936年 | 3篇 |
1882年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1191条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
High bit rates optical communication systems pose the challenge of their tolerance to linear and non-linear fiber impairments. Coherent optical receivers using digital signal processing techniques can mitigate the fiber impairments in the optical transmission system, including the chromatic dispersion equalization with digital filters. In this paper, an adaptive finite impulse response filter employing normalized least mean square algorithm is developed for compensating the chromatic dispersion in a 112-Gbit/s polarization division multiplexed quadrature phase shift keying coherent communication system, which is established in the VPI simulation platform. The principle of the adaptive normalized least mean square algorithm for signal equalization is analyzed theoretically, and at the meanwhile, the taps number and the tap weights in the adaptive finite impulse response filter for compensating a certain fiber chromatic dispersion are also investigated by numerical simulation. The chromatic dispersion compensation performance of the adaptive filter is analyzed by evaluating the behavior of the bit-error-rate versus the optical signal-to-noise ratio, and the compensation results are also compared with other present digital filters. 相似文献
42.
43.
Aubert B Barate R Boutigny D Gaillard JM Hicheur A Karyotakis Y Lees JP Robbe P Tisserand V Zghiche A Palano A Pompili A Chen JC Qi ND Rong G Wang P Zhu YS Eigen G Ofte I Stugu B Abrams GS Borgland AW Breon AB Brown DN Button-Shafer J Cahn RN Charles E Gill MS Gritsan AV Groysman Y Jacobsen RG Kadel RW Kadyk J Kerth LT Kolomensky YG Kral JF Kukartsev G LeClerc C Levi ME Lynch G Mir LM Oddone PJ Orimoto TJ Pripstein M Roe NA Romosan A Ronan MT Shelkov VG Telnov AV Wenzel WA Harrison TJ Hawkes CM 《Physical review letters》2003,91(2):021801
We present results for the branching fractions and charge asymmetries in B+/--->h(+/-)pi(0) (where h(+/-)=pi(+/-),K+/-) and a search for the decay B0-->pi(0)pi(0) using a sample of approximately 88 x 10(6) BBmacr; pairs collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC. We measure B(B+/--->pi(+/-)pi(0))=(5.5(+1.0)(-0.9)+/-0.6)x10(-6), where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. The B+/--->pi(+/-)pi(0) signal has a significance of 7.7sigma including systematic uncertainties. We simultaneously measure the K+/-pi(0) branching fraction to be B(B+/--->K+/-pi(0))=(12.8(+1.2)(-1.1)+/-1.0)x10(-6). The charge asymmetries are Api(+/-)(pi(0))=-0.03(+0.18)(-0.17)+/-0.02 and AK+/-(pi(0))=-0.09+/-0.09+/-0.01. We place a 90% confidence-level upper limit on the branching fraction B(B0-->pi(0)pi(0)) of 3.6 x 10(-6). 相似文献
44.
Jesper Koning Joseph O. Indekeu 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2016,89(11):248
It is known that an engine with ideal efficiency (η = 1 for a chemical engineand e =eCarnot for a thermal one) has zero powerbecause a reversible cycle takes an infinite time. However, at least from a theoreticalpoint of view, it is possible to conceive (irreversible) engines with nonzero power thatcan reach ideal efficiency. Here this is achieved by replacing the usual linear transportlaw by a sublinear one and taking the step-function limit for the particle current(chemical engine) or heat current (thermal engine) versus the applied force. It is shownthat in taking this limit exact thermodynamic inequalities relating the currents to theentropy production are not violated. 相似文献
45.
46.
Svelle S Joensen F Nerlov J Olsbye U Lillerud KP Kolboe S Bjørgen M 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2006,128(46):14770-14771
The widely debated reaction mechanism for the conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons over acidic zeolite H-ZSM-5 has been investigated using isotopic labeling. The mechanistic findings for H-ZSM-5 are clearly different from those previously described at a detailed level for H-beta and H-SAPO-34 catalysts. On the basis of the current set of data, we can state that, for H-ZSM-5, ethene appears to be formed exclusively from the xylenes and trimethylbenzenes. Moreover, propene and higher alkenes are to a significant extent formed from alkene methylations and interconversions. This implies that ethene formation is mechanistically separated from the formation of higher alkenes, an insight of utmost importance for understanding and possibly controlling the ethene/propene selectivity in methanol-to-alkenes catalysis. 相似文献
47.
48.
The enantioselective cyclization of N-acyliminium ions generated in situ from tryptamine is promoted with high enantioselectivity by a new chiral thiourea catalyst. This represents the first successful system for asymmetric catalysis of the Pictet-Spengler reaction. 相似文献
49.
Jacobsen AM Halling-Sørensen B Ingerslev F Hansen SH 《Journal of chromatography. A》2004,1038(1-2):157-170
The veterinary antibacterial agents chlortetracycline (CTC), oxytetracycline (OTC), sulfadiazine (SDZ), erythromycin (ERY) and tylosin (TYL A, B, C and D) were extracted from soil using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE). Citric acid (pH 4.7) and methanol was used as extraction buffer, followed by tandem-solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up (SAX + HLB) for all compounds. For quantification two slightly different methods were employed using LC-MS-MS with MRM detection. The soil extraction method was validated using a loamy sand soil and a sandy soil, representing two typical Danish agricultural soils. Recoveries were 50-80% for the tetracyclines (CTC and OTC) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) and 60-100% for the macrolides (TYL and ERY). Limits of detection for the soil extraction method (LOD(soil)) were 0.6-5.6 microg kg(-1) soil for CTC and OTC, 0.9-2.9 microg kg(-1) soil for SDZ and 2.4-5.5 microg kg(-1) soil for TYL A and ERY. Furthermore, the method was applied to field samples taken from two agricultural fields fertilised with liquid manure containing CTC and TYL A. These results showed a decline in the content of antibacterial agents throughout the sampling period of 155 days from 10 to 15 microg CTC kg(-1) soil and 20-55 microg TYL A kg(-1) soil to below or near the LOD(soil) listed above. Finally, the method was applied to barley grains harvested from the fields. None of the antibacterial agents were measured in grain samples, but recoveries for spiked grain samples were similar to soil recoveries. 相似文献
50.
Prof. Dr. I. Kira Astakhova Prof. Dr. Jesper Wengel 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2013,19(3):1112-1122
Double‐labeled oligonucleotide probes containing fluorophores interacting by energy‐transfer mechanisms are essential for modern bioanalysis, molecular diagnostics, and in vivo imaging techniques. Although bright xanthene and cyanine dyes are gaining increased prominence within these fields, little attention has thus far been paid to probes containing these dyes internally attached, a fact which is mainly due to the quite challenging synthesis of such oligonucleotide probes. Herein, by using 2′‐O‐propargyl uridine phosphoramidite and a series of xanthenes and cyanine azide derivatives, we have for the first time performed solid‐phase copper(I)‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click labeling during the automated phosphoramidite oligonucleotide synthesis followed by postsynthetic click reactions in solution. We demonstrate that our novel strategy is rapid and efficient for the preparation of novel oligonucleotide probes containing internally positioned xanthene and cyanine dye pairs and thus represents a significant step forward for the preparation of advanced fluorescent oligonucleotide probes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the novel xanthene and cyanine labeled probes display unusual and very promising photophysical properties resulting from energy‐transfer interactions between the fluorophores controlled by nucleic acid assembly. Potential benefits of using these novel fluorescent probes within, for example, molecular diagnostics and fluorescence microscopy include: Considerable Stokes shifts (40–110 nm), quenched fluorescence of single‐stranded probes accompanied by up to 7.7‐fold light‐up effect of emission upon target DNA/RNA binding, remarkable sensitivity to single‐nucleotide mismatches, generally high fluorescence brightness values (FB up to 26), and hence low limit of target detection values (LOD down to <5 nM ). 相似文献