原子力与光子扫描隧道组合显微镜

介绍了超高分辨光于扫描隧遭显微镜（PSTM）的计冗历程,为解决第一代（单光束照明）光千扫捕隧逼显傲镜中存在人为假象和样品光学图像与形貌图像难于分离两个难题,用“对称双光束照明方法消假象,用原子力与光子扫描隧道组合显微镜（AF／PSTM）图像分解方法分离样品光学透过率、折射率与形貌图像。研制成功新一代原子力与光子扫描隧道组合显微镜（AF／PSTM）样机。该样机在一次扫描中已获得两幅原子力显微镜图像（形貌与相位）和两幅光学图像（透过率和折射率）,有效地减少了假象,分解了样品光学折射率、透过率与形貌图像。     

241Am-Be中子参考辐射的蒙特卡罗模拟研究

研究用于校准场所中子剂量监测仪表的241Am-Be中子参考辐射场计量特性。采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了空气自由中子参考辐射(FRNR),GB/T 14055规定的最小尺寸中子参考辐射(SRNR)和实际中子参考辐射(ARNR)中不同检验点处中子周围剂量当量率、散射中子占比和能谱分布特征。研究结果表明,空气对FRNR中的剂量率和能谱分布影响小,近似为理想中子参考辐射;采用5%含硼聚乙烯作屏蔽的最小尺寸SRNR可减少热中子,降低散射中子占比,影锥法不适用于小尺寸中子参考辐射中对散射中子的修正;ARNR中的散射中子更少、占比更低,影锥法所得散射中子占比与理论值基本一致。     

Epidemic spreading in scale-free networks including the effect of individual vigilance

In this paper, we study the epidemic spreading in scale-free networks and propose a new susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model that includes the effect of individual vigilance. In our model, the effective spreading rate is dynamically adjusted with the time evolution at the vigilance period. Using the mean-field theory, an analytical result is derived. It shows that individual vigilance has no effect on the epidemic threshold. The numerical simulations agree well with the analytical result. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of individual vigilance on the epidemic spreading speed. It is shown that individual vigilance can slow the epidemic spreading speed effectively and delay the arrival of peak epidemic infection.     

Observation of Fano resonance and classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency in toroidal metamaterials

Toroidal multipoles have recently been explored in various scientific communities, ranging from atomic and molecular physics, electrodynamics, and solid‐state physics to biology. Here we experimentally and numerically demonstrate a three‐dimensionsal toroidal metamaterial where two different toroidal dipoles along orthogonal directions have been observed. The chosen toroidal metamaterial also simultaneously supports Fano resonance and the classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomena in the transmission spectra that originate from the electric–toroidal dipole and electric–magnetic dipole destructive interference. The intriguing properties of the toroidal resonances may open up avenues for applications in toroidal moments generator, sensing and slow‐light devices.     

CsPbI3钙钛矿量子点的精细纯化及其高效发光二极管的研究

钙钛矿量子点发光二极管(QLEDs)因其色纯度高、颜色控制精准、色域广以及溶液可加工等特点,在显示和照明等领域有着极大的应用前景.针对红光钙钛矿CsPbI3量子点纯化过程中相变和表面配体损失造成的荧光退化问题,本工作发展了一种甲苯和乙酸乙酯协同的混合溶剂纯化策略,能够避免纯化过程中的相变问题,获得了纯立方相的CsPbI...     

Alpha Decay of the Neutron-deficient Isotopes 215,216U

The most neutron-deficient isotopes 215;216U were produced in the complete-fusion reaction 180W(40Ar, 4-5n)215,216U. Evaporation residues recoiled from the target were separated in-flight from the primary beam by the gas-filled recoil separator SHANS and subsequently identified on the basis of correlated -decay chains. Two -decaying states were identified in 216U, one for the ground state and the other for the isomeric state with 8+(h9=2f7=2) configuration. The -decay properties for 215;216U and the systematics of 8+ isomeric state in N =124,126 isotones were investigated.     

基于改进U-Net的量子点STM图像分割

为提升量子点图像分割精度,降低特征识别误差,提出一种基于改进U-Net的量子点图像分割方法.首先,在预处理阶段,设计了以色彩通道为权值的灰度化算法,以提升后续分割效果.其次,在STM图像分割部分,在原始U-Net结构上引入中间过渡层以均衡网络各层特征.而后,建立数据集,并通过实验对比不同分割算法的精确度、召回率、F-measure.最后,将分割算法应用于量子点的特征识别,并测试了不同分割方式对应用的影响.实验结果显示,改进灰度化方法保留细节信息丰富,明显提升了量子点分割精度;改进U-Net的平均精确率、召回率、F-measure相较原始网络分别提升了13.83%、2.16%、8.13%.同时,实验数据表明由于分割精度的提升,量子点数量、纵横比等特征参数的识别更加精确.     

含缺陷的二维CuI光电性质的第一性原理计算

基于密度泛函理论计算了本征缺陷时二维CuI的光电特性,分析了能带结构以及复介电函数.本征2D CuI的带隙值为1.56 eV,为直接带隙半导体;I和Cu缺陷的引入使2D CuI的带隙值小,Cu缺陷的引入并未改变2D CuI的带隙方式,而I缺陷的引入使2D CuI变为间接带隙半导体.光学性质计算结果表明本征2D CuI的静介电函数为2.47, I缺陷的引入对2D CuI的静介电函数影响较小,但是在Cu缺陷时2D CuI的静介电函数急剧增大.     

铝-钨丝混编阵的Z-箍缩实验研究

利用铝丝和钨丝混合编制的丝阵作为Z箍缩的负载，在俄罗斯Kurchatov研究所的S300强流装置上对其Z箍缩过程进行了实验研究，并与纯铝丝阵和纯钨丝阵的实验结果进行了比较.不同材料组成的丝阵的Z箍缩x射线能谱之间有明显差异，混编丝阵的铝K壳层的x射线辐射强度比纯铝丝阵的弱，在纯钨丝阵Z箍缩中没有发现波长小于1.6nm的线辐射.混编丝阵Z箍缩的x射线发光区域比纯铝丝阵的小，但比纯钨丝阵的大,混编丝阵的x射线产额比纯铝丝阵的大，但比纯钨丝阵的略低.在驱动电流为2.5—2.8MA条件下，Z箍缩的径向收缩比为4—5，x射线辐射脉冲脉宽为25ns左右，峰值为0.3—0.5TW，总能量为10—20kJ.激光探针的阴影像显示了丝阵等离子体形成的细致过程，还表明了等离子体的边界面不够清晰，其不稳定性有明显的发展，内部有丰富的结构. 关键词： Z箍缩 混编丝阵 S300强流装置