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221.
Lucas S Ferry D Demirdjian B Suzanne J 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(38):18103-18106
We present an experimental work devoted to study of the thermodynamical properties of solid methanol. We combine Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and mass spectrometry (MS) to measure, for the first time, the vapor pressure of various methanol solid phases and determine their Clausius-Clapeyron equations. We perform our experiments between T = 130 K and the triple point temperature T(t) = 175.61 K. When methanol is condensed from its vapor below T(t), we observe three different solid phases depending on temperature. A condensation at T = 130 K forms a metastable phase with an enthalpy of sublimation deltaH(metastable-vapor) = 42.9 +/- 0.5 kJ.mol(-1). Upon heating, this phase transforms itself at T approximately 145 K to the alpha-phase that has an enthalpy of sublimation deltaH(alpha-vapor) = 46.9 +/- 0.2 kJ.mol(-1). Cooling the alpha-phase does not lead back to the metastable phase, whereas heating this alpha-phase leads to the beta-phase occurrence at T(alpha-beta) = 157.36 K. This latter one is stable until T(t) and has an enthalpy of sublimation deltaH(beta-vapor) = 44.2 +/- 0.5 kJ.mol(-1). 相似文献
222.
Biosensors based on enzyme field-effect transistors for determination of some substrates and inhibitors 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Dzyadevych SV Soldatkin AP Korpan YI Arkhypova VN El'skaya AV Chovelon JM Martelet C Jaffrezic-Renault N 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2003,377(3):496-506
This paper is a review of the authors' publications concerning the development of biosensors based on enzyme field-effect transistors (ENFETs) for direct substrates or inhibitors analysis. Such biosensors were designed by using immobilised enzymes and ion-selective field-effect transistors (ISFETs). Highly specific, sensitive, simple, fast and cheap determination of different substances renders them as promising tools in medicine, biotechnology, environmental control, agriculture and the food industry.The biosensors based on ENFETs and direct enzyme analysis for determination of concentrations of different substrates (glucose, urea, penicillin, formaldehyde, creatinine, etc.) have been developed and their laboratory prototypes were fabricated. Improvement of the analytical characteristics of such biosensors may be achieved by using a differential mode of measurement, working solutions with different buffer concentrations and specific agents, negatively or positively charged additional membranes, or genetically modified enzymes. These approaches allow one to decrease the effect of the buffer capacity influence on the sensor response in an aim to increase the sensitivity of the biosensors and to extend their dynamic ranges.Biosensors for the determination of concentrations of different toxic substances (organophosphorous pesticides, heavy metal ions, hypochlorite, glycoalkaloids, etc.) were designed on the basis of reversible and/or irreversible enzyme inhibition effect(s). The conception of an enzymatic multibiosensor for the determination of different toxic substances based on the enzyme inhibition effect is also described.We will discuss the respective advantages and disadvantages of biosensors based on the ENFETs developed and also demonstrate their practical application. 相似文献
223.
Rondeau D Martineau C Blanchard P Roncali J 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》2002,37(10):1081-1085
Oligothienylenevinylenes/C(60) dyads n-C and triads n-C(2) are studied by electrospray mass spectrometry. A clear correlation is observed between the nature of the charged species detected by mass spectrometry, i.e. protonated molecule [M + H], (+) cation radical M(+.) and dication M(++), and the oxidation potentials of the molecules. Moreover, under defined solubility conditions, mass spectrometry provides conclusive evidences for the reversible dimerization of cation-radicals of n-C(2) compounds. 相似文献
224.
The CNDO/2 and INDO approximations (with their original parametrization) are utilized for the calculation of transition energies. The effect of including all ( and ) singly excited configurations is assessed in C2H4, H2CO, HCOOH and HCONH2, and the results are compared to experimental transitions and to the available non-empirical calculations. The effect of extensive mixing is then considered in larger molecules.
Zusammenfassung Die Näherungen CNCO/2 und INDO (mit ihrer ursprünglichen Parametrisierung) werden für die Berechnung von Übergangsenergien benutzt. Der Effekt des Einschlusses aller ( und ) einfach angeregter Konfigurationen wird untersucht für C2H4, H2CO, HCOOH und HCONH2 und die Ergebnisse werden mit experimentellen Übergängen und den verfügbaren nicht-empirischen Rechnungen verglichen. Die Überlegungen werden dann auf größere Moleküle ausgedehnt.
Résumé Les procédés CNDO/2 et INDO (avec leur paramétrisation originale) sont utilisés pour calculer des énergies de transition. L'effet du mélange de toutes les configurations monoexcitées ( et ) est étudié pour C2H4, H2CO, HCOOH et HCONH2, les résultats sont comparés aux transitions expérimentales et aux calculs non-empiriques disponibles. L'étude est étendue à de plus grandes molécules.相似文献
225.
Natural Occurrence of C(15)-Epimeric Coleons C and D and its Significance to the Stereochemistry of the Formation of a Spirocyclopropanring In a previous paper some evidence was presented for a predominant occurrence of epimeric coleons ((15S)-coleon C ((15 S)- 1a ), and (15S)-coleon D ((15S)- 2a )) in Plectranthus lanuginosus [1], The proposed structures have now been proven by careful comparison of their physical data with those of the already described C(15)-epimers whose structures were deduced by X-ray analysis of a derived cis-diketone 3 [5], Examination of the epimeric purity of coleons possessing a 2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl side-chain (coleons C , D , H , I , I ′ and derivatives) isolated from seven different species (Coleus, Plectranthus and Solenostemon) has shown that these coleons always occur as a mixture of C(15)-epimers, although in most cases with one predominant epimer. The consequences for the stereochemistry of the postulated in vivo formation of the methyl-substituted spirocyclopropane substructure is discussed. 相似文献
226.
Mosshine El Marackchi Claude Tissier Jean Juillard 《Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry》1997,420(1-2)
Gibbs functions for transfer from water to methanol and to a full range of water + methanol mixtures were obtained for Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Hg2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+ using potentiometric or polarographic measurements in these solvents. In addition, data were obtained from the solubility products of the alkaline-earth iodates. From values obtained by the different methods and literature data, a table of selected values is given. 相似文献
227.
Jacqueline Ficini Jean dAngelo Arnaud Eman Anne Marie Touzin 《Tetrahedron letters》1976,17(9):683-686
228.
229.
Optimal performance laminar chromatography and automated multiple development chromatography are relatively recent techniques of planar chromatography that can be applied with success in plant material analysis. Therefore, these methods are used to study plant extracts and constituents belonging to different chemical classes of secondary metabolism: heterocyclic oxygen compounds (coumarins, flavonoids, and anthocyanins), alkaloids and quaternary ammonium salts, cannabinoids, essential oils, ginsenosides, and cardiac heterosides. Generally, the results obtained with these methods are good, and in most cases they compare with those of thin-layer chromatography. 相似文献
230.
Alphonse Ekouya Raymond Calas Jacques Dunogues Claude Biran Norbert Duffaut 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》1979,177(1):137-144
Aliphatic saturated amides treated with Me3SiCl/Li/THF were found to react in two ways. Either alkoxysilanes, mono- or di-silylated at the functional carbon, or C-silylated amines were obtained dependent of the original amide structure and the experimental conditions. (Me3Si)2CHN(SiMe3)2 exhibited Physicochemical properties that are particular for hindered rotation about the CN bond. A general mechanism is proposed to explain these results. 相似文献