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1.
2.
We give a self‐contained proof of the preservation theorem for proper countable support iterations known as “tools‐preservation”, “Case A” or “first preservation theorem” in the literature. We do not assume that the forcings add reals. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
3.
The synthesis of N-methyl-benz[f]isoindole ( 2 ) and N-methyl-dibenz[e,g]isoindole ( 3 ) is reported. The NMR. spectra of N-methyl-isoindole ( 1 ) and of 2 have been analysed and the implications concerning the alternation of bond lengths are discussed. The photophysical properties of 1 to 3 have been investigated by the following methods: HeI photoelectron (PE.) spectroscopy, UV./VIS. absorption (polarization measurements by the stretched-foil technique) and emission spectroscopy (fluorescence spectra, lifetimes and quantum yields, phosphorescence spectra), and flash spectroscopy (triplet-triplet absorption spectra). The discussion of the results is based on HMO. and PPP SCF CI. calculations and points to the relationship between the heterocycles 1 to 3 and the corresponding benzenoid hydrocarbons obtained by replacement of the ? NMe? subunit by ? CH?CH? . Some comments concerning the ground state properties of isoindole and related compounds are derived from the analysis of their electronic structure. 相似文献
4.
Jakob Wirz 《Helvetica chimica acta》1976,59(5):1647-1655
The HeI photoelectron spectra of the title compound 1 (1,5,9-cyclododecatriene-3,7,11-triyne), 1,5-didehydro[12]annulene (1,3,5,9-cyclododecatetraene-7, 11-diyne ( 2 )), sym-tri-benzotridehydro[12]annulene (tribenzo[a,e,i]-5,6,11,12,17,18-hexadehydrocyclododecene ( 3 )), and sym-dibenzodidehydro[8]annulene (dibenzo[a,e]-5,6,11,12-tetradehydrocyclooctene ( 4 )) have been recorded and analysed on the basis of various semi-empirical model calculations. Despite the distinct bond length alternation in the parent compounds and, apparently, in the radical cations, the first ionization occurs at low energies in these compounds (7.6 ± 0.2 eV). The spectra yield little information with regard to the transannular interactions of the triple bonds. 相似文献
5.
On the use of Helmholtz resonators as sound attenuators 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jakob J. Keller Erwin Zauner 《Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Physik (ZAMP)》1995,46(3):297-327
Summary In the present paper a nonlinear acoustic theory is proposed, to accurately describe the properties of a generalized type of Helmholtz resonators. The theory may be used as a layout tool to design sound attenuators for combustion facilities. The present investigation shows that, in addition to the nonlinear effects, the effects due to thermoacoustic boundary layers and the first frequency correction to the Helmholtz approximation should be taken into account, in order to predict the frequency-dependent attenuation properties of Helmholtz attenuators with the accuracy required by typical technical applications. A series of experiments is presented which is used to validate the theoretical predictions.
Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Abhandlung wird eine nichtlineare akustische Theorie vorgeschlagen, mit der das Verhalten einer verallgemeinerten Art von Helmholtzresonatoren beschrieben werden kann. Die Theorie kann als Werkzeug zur Auslegung von Schalldämpfern für Verbrennungsanlagen benutzt werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt, dass neben den nichtlinearen Effekten auch die Einflüsse der thermoakustischen Grenzschichten und der ersten Frequenzkorrektur zur Helmholtzapproximation berücksichtigt werden müssen, damit die frequenzabhängigen Eigenschaften von Helmholtzdämpfern mit technisch ausreichender Genauigkeit beschrieben werden können. Mit einer Reihe von Experimenten werden die theoretischen Ergebnisse untermauert.相似文献
6.
The modified perturbative approach in which transverse degrees of freedom as well as Sudakov suppressions are taken into account, is applied toB decays into two mesons. The influence of various model parameters (CKM) matrix elements,B decay constant, mesonic wave functions) on the results as well as short distance corrections to the weak Hamiltonian are discussed in some detail. The perturbative contributions to theB decays yield branching ratios of the order of 10–7–10–6 which values are well below the upper limit for the
branching ratio as measured by CLEO.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 相似文献
7.
Elliott H. Lieb Jan Philip Solovej Jakob Yngvason 《Communications in Mathematical Physics》1994,161(1):77-124
The ground state energy of an atom of nuclear chargeZe in a magnetic fieldB is exactly evaluated to leading order asZ in the following three regions:BZ
4/3,BZ
4/3 andZ
4/3BZ3. In each case this is accomplished by a modified Thomas-Fermi (TF) type theory. We also analyze these TF theories in detail, one of their consequences being the nonintuitive fact that atoms are spherical (to leading order) despite the leading order change in energy due to theB field. This paper complements and completes our earlier analysis [1], which was primarily devoted to the regionsBZ
3 andBZ3 in which a semiclassical TF analysis is numerically and conceptually wrong. There are two main mathematical results in this paper, needed for the proof of the exactitude of the TF theories. One is a generalization of the Lieb-Thirring inequality for sums of eigenvalues to include magnetic fields. The second is a semiclassical asymptotic formula for sums of eigenvalues that isuniform in the fieldB.Work partially supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grant PHY90-19433 A02Work partially supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grant DMS 92-03829Work partially supported by the Heraeus Stiftung and the Research Fund of the University of Iceland. 相似文献
8.
Bockhorst M. Burbach G. Burgwinkel R. Empt J. Guse B. Guse B. Haas K. -M. Hannappel J. Heinloth K. Hey T. Hoffmann-Rothe P. Honscheid K. Jahnen T. Jakob H. P. Jöpen N. Jüngst H. Kirch U. Klein F. -J. Kostrewa D. Lindemann L. Link J. Manns J. Menze D. Merkel H. Merkel R. Neuerburg W. Paul E. Plötzke R. Schenk U. Schmidt S. Scholmann J. Schütz P. Schultz-Coulon H. -C. Schweitzer M. Schwille W. J. Tran M. -Q. Umlauf G. Vogl W. Wedemeyer R. Wehnes F. Wißkirchen J. Wolf A. 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1994,63(1):37-47
The reactions pK
+ and pK
+ 0 have been measured with the multiparticle detector system SAPHIR at ELSA in Bonn. Besides the differential cross sections the polarization and, for the first time, the 0 polarization have been determined in a photon induced reaction. All data are presented as functions of the photon energy (from threshold up to 1.47 GeV) and of the kaon production angle (0°–180°). The polarization of both and 0 is substantial at all energies and varies strongly with the production angle.This work is supported by the Bundesminister für Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), FK 06 BN 621 I 相似文献
9.
R. Jakob P. Kroll M. Schürmann W. Schweiger 《Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei》1993,347(2):109-116
We present an alternative parameterization of the quark-diquark model of baryons which particularly takes care of the most recent proton electric form-factor data from the E136 experiment at SLAC. In addition to electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon, for which good agreement with data is achieved, we discuss the weak axial vector form factor of the nucleon as well as electromagnetic form factors of and hyperons. Technical advance in calculating the pertinent analytic expressions within perturbative quantum chromodynamics is gained by formulating the wave function of the quark-diquark system in a covariant way. Finally, we also comment on the influence of Sudakov corrections within the scope of the diquark model.Sponsored in part by the Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie, Germany, under contract number 06 Wu 737 相似文献
10.
Jakob J. Keller 《Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Physik (ZAMP)》1977,28(1):107-122
Summary Second-order resonance effects in closed tubes with varying cross-sectional area are investigated. It is seen that for tubes with cross-sectional areasA(x)x
–2 solutions for the pressure disturbances can be found, as was done by W. Chester in case of tubes with constant cross-sectional area.
Zusammenfassung Es werden Resonanzeffekte zweiter Ordnung in Rohren mit veränderlicher Querschnittsfläche betrachtet. Ist die QuerschnittsflächeA(x)x –2, so können die Druckstörungen in Analogie zu Chesters Theorie analytisch berechnet werden.相似文献