Trace aluminum determination and sampling problems of archeological bone employing destructive neutron activation analysis

A destructive neutron activation analysis procedure was developed for determining trace aluminum content in bone. It was found that soil contamination can influence the aluninum bone levels in prehistoric bone specimens. These maximum aluninum content values for prehistoric bone are larger than those of modern bone and comparable to aluminum levels present in bone from renal patients.     

Recherches en série triazepine-1,2,4: 1 - détermination de la structure de la triazolotriazépinone obtenue par action de l'acétylacétate d'éthyle sur le diamino-3,4 triazole-1,2,4

The condensation of 3,4-diamino 1,2,4-triazole with ethyl aceloacelate gave 6-methyl-8,9-dihydro(7H)-s-triazolo[4,3-b]-1,2,4-triazepin-8-one ( 2 ); 2 has been caracterized by nmr spectroscopy and by comparison with its methylated derivative prepared in an unambigous manner.     

Thermal properties of tetrahydroperparine derivatives

The thermal behaviour of tetrahydroperparine (THP) and its derivatives with various acids has been investigated. The acid is liberated from the formate derivative basically in two steps, while the other aliphatic acids are released quantitatively before the thermal decomposition of the THP molecule. The thermoanalytical curves, electrical conductivity data measured in the molten phase, and infrared spectra prove that while part of the formic acid is hydrogen-bonded the other part is bound ionically in the molecule. It may be assumed that the marked biological activity of the compound can be explained by this difference in the nature of the bonds.     

Self-association of daunomycin antibiotic in various buffer solutions

The self-association of an antitumor antibiotic, daunomycin (DAU), in various buffer solutions, including water-salt solutions, phosphate buffer, HEPES, and TRIS, was studied by 1D and 2D ¹H NMR spectroscopy at 500 MHz. The two-dimensional NOESY spectra and the concentration and temperature dependences of the chemical shifts of antibiotic protons in the solvents studied showed that the self-association parameters of DAU were independent of the type of buffer solutions. The most probable two spatial structures of the dimer of DAU in solution were constructed by the method of molecular mechanics. The mutual orientation of the chromophores was parallel in one structure and antiparallel in the other.     

Glass forming ability and thermal stability in the system ZrF46BaF26PrF3

New glasses have been synthesized in the system ZrF₄6BaF₂6PrF₃. Glasses were prepared by conventional fusion method and the vitreous domain was established. For vitreous samples the thermal stability parameters were determined, so that the best compositions could be selected according to a compromise between high glass forming ability and thermal stability vs. crystallization.     

Infrared laser ablation study of pressed soil pellets with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

Potential of infrared laser ablation (LA) coupled with ICP-AES as a technique suitable for the determination of trace elements (Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, and V) in agricultural soils was studied. Operating parameters such as laser beam energy, laser beam focusing with respect to the sample surface, and velocity of the sample translation in the plane perpendicular to the laser beam were optimized. Soil samples were mixed with powdered Ag as a binder, and an internal standard (GeO(2)), and pressed into pellets. Calibration samples were prepared by adding known amounts of oxides of elements of interest into soils of known elemental composition and then processed in the same way as the analyzed samples. Calibration curves were found to be linear at least up to several hundreds of mg kg(-1) for the elements of interest. The elemental contents obtained by using LA-ICP-AES were compared with those obtained by analysis using wet chemistry followed by ICP-AES with pneumatic nebulization (PN). The results were in good agreement. Accuracy was also tested using certified reference soils with a bias not exceeding 10% relative.     

Multibiosensor based on enzyme inhibition analysis for determination of different toxic substances

An original concept of an enzyme multibiosensor for determination of toxic substances based on enzyme inhibition analysis has been proposed and its main performances have been analysed. For the development of this multibiosensor, two types of transducers such as potentiometric pH-sensitive field-effect transistors and conductometric thin-films interdigitated electrodes, and three enzymes, namely urease, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase have been used. The experimental data have been treated by multivariate correspondence analysis. A complete procedure for a simultaneous determination of some heavy metal ions and pesticides has been proposed and its advantages have been discussed.     

Experimental and theoretical study of vibrational spectra and structure of dihalogermylene and dihalostannylene complexes with 1,4-dioxane and triphenylphosphine

Vibrational (Raman and IR) spectra of the 1:1 complexes of dihalogermylene and dihalostannylene with 1,4-dioxane and PPh₃ have been reported, the structures of the complexes Cl₂Ge·C₄H₈O₂ and Cl₂Ge·PPh₃ updated using high-resolution X-ray method. Quantum-chemistry calculations of the geometry and normal mode frequencies and eigenvectors were carried out for some of the complexes. The results show that in the structure of the polymeric solid complexes of X₂M with 1,4-dioxane, intermolecular coordination XM plays a prominent role, whereas the corresponding complexes with PPh₃ are monomeric. In the vibrational spectra of all the complexes, an inversion of symmetric and antisymmetric stretching νXM (X=Cl, Br; M=Ge, Sn) frequencies, found for ‘free’ X₂M^II particles, still persists, suggesting that the X₂M moieties preserve their specifity as carbene analogues also in the complexes.