浅海中内波对匹配场时间相关的影响

利用一次夏季浅海水文实验资料,数值仿真研究有线性内波和孤立子内波存在条件下的匹配场时间相关性.考察和总结了有内波存在时不同声源频率、声源深度和内波幅度等参数对匹配场时间相关的影响.研究结果表明:由于内波与声场的相互作用,匹配场时间相关长度会随着线性内波的平均能流密度及孤立子内波幅度的增大而减小;频率越高,声波穿过内波场时的匹配场时间相关下降的越快;声源位于跃层下时的匹配场时间相关明显的优于跃层上的情况;孤立子内波距声源的位置对匹配场时间相关影响相对较小.     

高光谱成像技术鉴别菠菜叶片农药残留种类

利用高光谱成像技术无损鉴别菠菜叶片农药残留种类。采用高光谱成像仪采集900~1 700 nm波段内的光谱数据,采用多元散射校正对光谱数据进行预处理。利用主成分分析对不同种类菠菜样品的光谱数据进行分析,结果表明主成分分析能在可视化层面对不同种类的农药残留菠菜样品进行有效判别。另外,将卡方检验特征选择算法分别与支持向量机、朴素贝叶斯、决策树和线性判别分析算法结合,并采用10-fold交叉验证评价方法,筛选出最佳波段和最优判别模型（线性判别模型）。筛选出的8个特征波长为1 439.3,1 442.5,1 445.8,1 449,1 452.3,1 455.5,1 458.7,1 462 nm,模型的预测准确率达到0.993且10次交叉验证的标准差为0.009。结果表明,基于高光谱成像技术能准确地识别菠菜叶片上的农药残留种类。     

Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Acting as Controllable Transport Channels

The motion and equilibrium distribution of water molecules adsorbed inside neutral and negatively charged singlewalled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been studied using molecular dynamics simulations (MDSs) at room temperature based on CHARMM (Chemistry at HARvard Molecular Mechanics) potential parameters. We find that water molecules have a conspicuous electropism phenomenon and regular tubule patterns inside and outside the charged tube wall. The analyses of the motion behaviour of water molecules in the radial and axial directions show that by charging the SWNT, the adsorption efficiency is greatly enhanced, and the electric field produced by the charged SWNTs prevents water molecules from flowing out of the nanotube. However, water molecules can travel through the neutral SWNT in a fluctuating manner. This indicates that by electrically charging and uncharging the SWNTs, one can control the adsorption and transport behaviour of polar molecules in SWNTs for using as a stable storage medium or long transport channels. The transport velocity can be tailored by changing the charge on the SWNTs, which may have a further application as modulatable transport channels.     

Nb2O5掺杂的氧化锌陶瓷导电特性研究

研究了Nb2O5掺杂的ZnO陶瓷在低温下导电特性,结果表明,低温状态下,随着Nb2O5掺杂量的增加,ZnO电阻率降低,不同温度下烧结的ZnO样品,烧结温度越高,电阻率愈小,同一烧结温度下,不同烧结时间的ZnO样品,随着烧结时间的增加,电阻率愈小.     

不凝气体对R123凝结换热的影响

对氟利昂 R123 在水平单管外的凝结换热性能进行了试验研究,试验管为光管和五根强化管.目的是获得不凝气体对 R123 蒸气凝结时最佳肋密度的影响.试验结果表明:光管管外 Nusselt 理论值与实验数据偏差在±5%以内.对于含 8%不凝气体的 R123 在低肋管外的凝结换热,在肋密度为 1475 翅/米时可以获得最佳的换热性能.含不凝气体的 R123凝结换热系数显著下降,其管外换热系数约为纯蒸气的 20%～25%.随着肋密度的减小,不凝气体对凝结换热的影响逐渐减弱,但其最佳肋间隙仍保持不变,均为 0.32 mm.     

BESⅢ track fitting algorithm

A track fitting algorithm based on the Kalman filter method has been developed for BESⅢ of BEPCⅡ.The effects of multiple scattering and energy loss when the charged particles go through the detector,non-uniformity of magnetic field (NUMF) and wire sag, etc., have been carefully handled.This algorithm works well and the performance satisfies the physical requirements tested by the simulation data.     

DMFC阳极流动阻力特性实验研究

本文借助可视化手段,针对平行流场和蛇形流场,实验研究不同放电电流密度、甲醇浓度、进料温度和入口流量对液相进料直接甲醇燃料电池阳极流场流动阻力特性的影响.结果表明:放电电流密度增加,流场压降随之增加,小电流放电,蛇型流场较平行流场压降增加慢,当超过某一值时,蛇型流场的压降增加较平行流场快;随甲醇浓度的提高,进出口压降均略有减小,且两种流场压降变化趋势一致;随进料温度升高,平行流场压降逐渐增大,蛇彤流场压降变化较小;随着甲醇溶液流量增大,平行流场和蛇行流场压降均逐渐增人,平行流场增加缓慢,蛇形流场压降增加速度远大于平行流场.     

单核铁双卟啉配合物的可见光谱及其构象

合成了一系列不同长度柔韧烷氧链相连的单核铁双卟啉配合物，观察了轴向配体咪唑加入其氯仿溶液前后的可见光谱的变化，结果表明，在波长６８０ｎｍ处，吸收峰强度与开放式和闭合式构象的平衡有关，随着烷氧链长度的增加，单核铁双卟啉配合物在溶液中的构象平衡由开放式向闭合式移动。     

生态系统的参数确定问题

通过不同观测数据研究捕食者—被捕食者生态系统参数确定问题.研究了四种情形1.观察数据无误差,并已知一个参数值.这种情况下,参数可由其相轨线和最小二乘法精确确定.2.观察数据无误差,但所有参数未知.此时仅靠相轨线的研究,无论给出多少组精确数据,都无法精确确定这些参数.通过原非线性模型的数值计算和网格搜索法,至少需要4组数据,同样得到了精度较高的参数值.3.当观测数据有误差时,根据解的周期性,引入标准周期的概念,在一个标准周期里讨论参数的确定问题,并利用标准周期内的捕食者与被捕食者的数量均值与系统的平衡点的关系对参数进行修正,然后使用网格法进行搜索,进一步提高了参数的精度.4.当观测时间也有误差时,先选取相对最优的随机正态数对观测时刻进行修正,然后再利用3.的方法估计参数.     

Coherence-Time of Matched-Field Processing in Shallow Water in the Presence of Linear Internal Waves

Relationships among the signal coherence-time of matched-field processing （MFP）, the acoustic frequency, the source-receiver range, and the sound speed standard deviation （STD） caused by internal waves in shallow water, are numerically investigated based on oceanographic data from two shallow water experiments. It is found that the coherence-time can be fitted with an inverse square-root power of range, a near inverse 1 power of frequency, and inverse 1.3 power of sound speed STD.