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41.
D. Parenthoine L.-P. Tran-Huu-HueL. Haumesser F. Vander MeulenM. Lematre M. Lethiecq 《Ultrasonics》2011,51(2):109-114
Quadratic nonlinear equations of a piezoelectric element under the assumptions of 1D vibration and weak nonlinearity are derived by the perturbation theory. It is shown that the nonlinear response can be represented by controlled sources that are added to the classical hexapole used to model piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers. As a consequence, equivalent electrical circuits can be used to predict the nonlinear response of a transducer taking into account the acoustic loads on the rear and front faces. A generalisation of nonlinear equivalent electrical circuits to cases including passive layers and propagation media is then proposed. Experimental results, in terms of second harmonic generation, on a coupled resonator are compared to theoretical calculations from the proposed model. 相似文献
42.
Jasper H. M. van der Velde Dr. Evelyn Ploetz Matthias Hiermaier Jens Oelerich Jan Willem de Vries Prof. Dr. Gerard Roelfes Dr. Thorben Cordes 《Chemphyschem》2013,14(18):4084-4093
Organic fluorophores, which are popular labels for microscopy applications, intrinsically suffer from transient and irreversible excursions to dark‐states. An alternative to adding photostabilizers at high concentrations to the imaging buffer relies on the direct linkage to the fluorophore. However, the working principles of this approach are not yet fully understood. In this contribution, we investigate the mechanism of intramolecular photostabilization in self‐healing cyanines, in which photodamage is automatically repaired. Experimental evidence is provided to demonstrate that a single photostabilizer, that is, the vitamin E derivative Trolox, efficiently heals the cyanine fluorophore Cy5 in the absence of any photostabilizers in solution. A plausible mechanism is that Trolox interacts with the fluorophore through intramolecular quenching of triplet‐related dark‐states, which is a mechanism that appears to be common for both triplet‐state quenchers (cyclooctatetraene) and redox‐active compounds (Trolox, ascorbic acid, methylviologen). Additionally, the influence of solution‐additives, such as cysteamine and procatechuic acid, on the self‐healing process are studied. The results suggest the potential applicability of self‐healing fluorophores in stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) with optical super‐resolution. The presented data contributes to an improved understanding of the mechanism involved in intramolecular photostabilization and has high relevance for the future development of self‐healing fluorophores, including their applications in various research fields. 相似文献
43.
We give an example of a projection which maps two Gibbs measures for the same interaction into Gibbs measures for different interactions. As a corollary we find a case where by decimation a non-Gibbsian measure is transformed into a Gibbs measure. 相似文献
44.
S. L. van de Velde 《Mathematical Programming》1995,69(1-3):413-428
We design a fast ascent direction algorithm for the Lagrangian dual problem of the single-machine scheduling problem of minimizing total weighted completion time subject to precedence constraints. We show that designing such an algorithm is relatively simple if a scheduling problem is formulated in terms of the job completion times rather than as an 0–1 linear program. Also, we show that upon termination of such an ascent direction algorithm we get a dual decomposition of the original problem, which can be exploited to develop approximative and enumerative approaches for it. Computational results exhibit that in our application the ascent direction leads to good Lagrangian lower and upper bounds. 相似文献
45.
Justin J Heynekamp Lucy A Hunsaker Thomas A Vander Jagt Lorraine M Deck David L Vander Jagt 《BMC chemical biology》2006,6(1):1-11
Background
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) plays a major role in extracellular proteolytic events associated with tumor cell growth, migration and angiogenesis. Consequently, uPA is an attractive target for the development of small molecule active site inhibitors. Most of the recent drug development programs aimed at nonpeptidic inhibitors targeted at uPA have focused on arginino mimetics containing amidine or guanidine functional groups attached to aromatic or heterocyclic scaffolds. There is a general problem of limited bioavailability of these charged inhibitors. In the present study, uPA inhibitors were designed on an isocoumarin scaffold containing uncharged substituents. 相似文献46.
47.
A generic strategy for the chiral separation of non-acidic pharmaceuticals was updated to complete an approach defined earlier. The selected chiral stationary phases are all polysaccharide selectors, chlorinated, and non-chlorinated, namely Lux(?) Amylose 2, Chiralcel(?) OD-RH, Lux(?) Cellulose 4, and Chiralpak(?) AD-RH. In this study, the screening step of a strategy defined earlier was updated and the optimization steps were re-evaluated for the applied chiral stationary phases. These screening and optimization conditions were studied by analyzing 20 pharmaceuticals at different organic modifier contents, temperatures, or applied voltages. The proposed chiral separation strategy was then evaluated with a test set of 19 non-acidic drugs. Seventeen compounds (89.5%) of the latter set could be resolved of which eight (42%) were baseline separated. The strategy thus proved to be applicable on compounds different from those used for its development. 相似文献
48.
The 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate derivatives of cellulose bearing 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl residues were immobilized in a capillary format onto a monolithic silica support by intermolecular polycondensation of the triethoxysilyl groups. The resulting columns were used for chiral separations using capillary electrochromatography. The effects of the synthesizing solvent, the selector coating procedure, the chiral selector concentration onto the silica monolith and the mobile phase pH value, on the separation of enantiomers were studied. The column-to-column reproducibility and stability also were evaluated. A test set of 14 chiral substances, including acidic, neutral, bifunctional and basic compounds, was used to investigate the effects of the factors mentioned above. Twelve pairs of enantiomers showed enantioselectivity at some of the different conditions tested. The column-to-column repeatability was satisfactory, and the prepared columns were stable under the adopted analysis conditions. 相似文献
49.
50.
Tistaert C Thierry L Szandrach A Dejaegher B Fan G Frédérich M Vander Heyden Y 《Analytica chimica acta》2011,705(1-2):111-122
Extracts of Citri reticulatae pericarpium (PCR) are commonly used in the Traditional Chinese Medicine. The quality control of PCR is currently performed by single marker analysis, which can hardly describe the complexity of such natural samples. In this study, a fingerprint methodology for PCR based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed and validated. A total of 69 fingerprints of authenticated PCR samples, commercial PCR samples, mixed peel samples, and other Citrus peels were recorded. Exploratory data analysis allowed optimizing the extraction procedure and detecting mixed peel samples. Once the optimizations were performed and the method validated, discrimination between the authentic PCR samples and all other samples was performed by p-Discriminant Partial Least Squares. The established model was able to differentiate between classes with a high reliability for each sample. Furthermore, evaluation of the score and loading plots of the model indicated nobiletin, tangeretin, naringin and hesperidin as important markers for the quality control of PCR. 相似文献