A polymer thin-film technique to study the micromorphology of core/shell latexes

A series of poly(styrene)/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) core-shell latexes were synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization. The dried latex was dissolved in toluene and then cast on the surface of water to form a very thin film (60–90 nm). Phase separation in the thin film was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Electron micrographs of these thin films yielded fine structure and interesting morphology that was unattainable by ultramicrotoming of the corresponding compression-molded specimens. Glass transition temperatures and percent grafted polystyrene were correlated with the TEM results. As grafting increases, mixing of the two phases improves, with the resulting T_g value being between the two T_g's of poly(styrene) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile).     

Action de CF3 of sur des aziridines N-non substitutees

Aziridines $\text{I}$ react with trifluoromethyl hypofluorite at ? 40°C to produce mixtures of 1-(aziridine)carbonyl fluoride $\text{II}$ and 1-fluoroaziridine $\text{III}$, the proportions of which depend on steric effects. Several compounds $\text{II}$ react with starting materials to give 1, 1′-(carbonyl)bisaziridines $\text{IV}$. Most compounds $\text{II}$ and all compounds $\text{IV}$ are isolated. Chemical properties and ir and nmr data of $\text{II}$, $\text{III}$, $\text{IV}$ are described; the formation of an isocyanate and a substituted urea from a compound $\text{II}$ is observed. A mechanism for this reaction is suggested.     

Photophysics of the acid and base forms of rhodamine B

Fluorescence lifetime measurements of rhodamine B in ethanol solution have confirmed the presence of two distinct species dependent on acidity. Rotational diffusion times of these species are identical and we propose that they are the acid and base forms of the dye. Species having identical spectra to these forms have also been obtained in concentration dependent studies and we believe that here, too, the equilibrium is acid—base rather than monomer—dimer as had been suggested.