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51.
52.
Niu W Wong EH Weisman GR Hill DC Tranchemontagne DJ Lam KC Sommer RD Zakharov LN Rheingold AL 《Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)》2004,(21):3536-3547
Ethylene cross-bridging of the popular tetraazamacrocyclic ligand cyclam has led to metal complexes with enhanced kinetic inertness. The synthesis and spectral characterization of zinc(II), cadmium(II), and mercury(II) complexes of cross-bridged cyclam (L1) as well as cross-bridged cyclen (L2) are reported along with the details of our synthetic route to L2. X-ray structural studies revealed that all Zn(II) and Cd(II) cations are fully kappa(4)N-coordinated inside the respective ligand's molecular cleft with L1 providing the better fit for Zn(II). While Hg(II) is similarly coordinated to L2, it has been found to complex L1 outside the ligand cleft in a novel exo-kappa(2)N-mode. Solution NMR data of the kappa(4)N complexes are consistent with the presence of only a single cis-folded isomer in each case. Ligand (1)H and (13)C coupling to both (111,113)Cd and (199)Hg in their complexes can be clearly discerned. The relative kinetic inertness of representative cross-bridged complexes in acidic aqueous solution has been assessed and found to be in the following order: Zn(II) > Cd(II)[dbl greater-than] Hg(II). The data also reaffirm that cross-bridged cyclam ligand L1 forms a substantially more inert complex with zinc(II) than either the smaller cyclen analogue L2 or the unbridged 1,4,8,11-tetramethyl-cyclam L3. 相似文献
53.
Isomorphism is an equivalence relation that is less stringent than identity (equality), and it is useful for synthetic analysis, since it allows one to find reflexive routes for targets even when they do not have an element of symmetry. 相似文献
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P. Schmid K. Uran F. Macherey M. Ebert H.-J. Ullrich D. Sommer F. Friedel 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2009,393(8):1863-1870
The formation of Fe–Zn intermetallic compounds, as relevant in the commercial product galvannealed steel sheet, was investigated
by scanning electron microscopy and different methods of X-ray diffraction. A scanning electron microscope with high resolution
was applied to investigate the layers of the galvannealed coating and its topography. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction
(GID) was preferred over conventional Bragg–Brentano geometry for analysing thin crystalline layers because of its lower incidence
angle α and its lower depth of information. Furthermore, in situ experiments at an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM)
with an internal heating plate and at an X-ray diffractometer equipped with a high-temperature chamber were carried out. Thus,
it was possible to investigate the phase evolution during heat treatment by X-ray diffraction and to display the growth of
the ζ crystals in the ESEM. 相似文献
56.
Elmar Cohors-Fresenborg Silke Kramer Frank Pundsack Johann Sjuts Norbert Sommer 《ZDM》2010,42(2):231-244
The relationship between practised monitoring activities and performance, especially in mathematics was examined within three nested studies. The first study deals with problems of faulty term rewritings submitted to three groups of subjects—10th to 13th graders, differing in their mathematical performance—whose task was to find the mistakes. Moreover, a questionnaire on the practice and appreciation of monitoring activities was developed. The third study, first, repeats the first study with a similar population and secondly adds interviews with some of the subjects while solving additional items concerning faulty term rewritings. Studies 1 and 3 show similar success in finding mistakes and in the replies to the questionnaire within the various groups. Furthermore, the third study points up that the subject’s answers do neither predict the practised monitoring nor the success in the test. However, the success correlates significantly with the practised monitoring. For a deeper understanding concerning the role of metacognition in explaining performance, the second study examined two of the groups who had already been involved in the first study. These were assigned some problems of a matrices test as used in cognitive psychology. While trying to solve the problem, their eye movements were recorded by means of an eye-tracker. Afterwards they had to justify their solutions in an interview. The eye movements were analysed, the verbal comments classified. Again, the groups differ in their problem solving success, dependant on the quality of the monitoring practised. Altogether, the results of the three studies elucidate the importance of practised metacognitive monitoring activities not only for success in school algebra, but furthermore the ability and the willingness to do it is deeper anchored in a person than just a trained behaviour for school algebra. 相似文献
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58.
Oskar Simmersbach und Friedrich Sommer 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1916,55(2-3):146-149
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