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911.
F.F. Karpeshin J. da Providência C. Providência J. da Providência Jr 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2002,18(3):319-326
Two types of extreme collective motion, large-amplitude many-phonon vibration of the ionic core and rotation of the cluster
with high angular momenta, are considered. The interplay between vibration and collective motion towards fission is discussed.
A new mechanism of formation and rupture of the neck is proposed which is based on the Franck-Condon principle, and accounts
for the interplay between vibration and fission. Under rotation, the change of the shape of the cluster and a phase transition
from axially symmetric to triaxial ellipsoid are predicted. For studying the effects, vibrational motion can be induced by
laser radiation. Rotational motion may arise in collisions of clusters.
Received 26 April 2001 and Received in final form 15 October 2001 相似文献
912.
We compute Green's functions of a Bosonic field theory with cutoffs by means of a “minimal” expansion which in a single move,
interpolating a generalized propagator, performs the usual tasks of the cluster and Mayer expansion. In this way it allows
a direct construction of the infinite volume or thermodynamic limit and it brings constructive Bosonic expansions closer to
constructive Fermionic expansions and to perturbation theory.
Received: 18 May 2000 / Accepted: 21 March 2001 相似文献
913.
Summary This paper uses Hamiltonian structures to study the problem of the limit of three-dimensional (3D) elastic models to shell
and rod models. In the case of shells, we show that the Hamiltonian structure for a three-dimensional elastic body converges,
in a sense made precise, to that for a shell model described by a one-director Cosserat surface as the thickness goes to zero.
We study limiting procedures that give rise to unconstrained as well as constrained Cosserat director models. The case of
a rod is also considered and similar convergence results are established, with the limiting model being a geometrically exact
director rod model (in the framework developed by Antman, Simo, and coworkers). The resulting model may or may not have constraints,
depending on the nature of the constitutive relations and their behavior under the limiting procedure.
The closeness of Hamiltonian structures is measured by the closeness of Poisson brackets on certain classes of functions,
as well as the Hamiltonians. This provides one way of justifying the dynamic one-director model for shells. Another way of
stating the convergence result is that there is an almost-Poisson embedding from the phase space of the shell to the phase
space of the 3D elastic body, which implies that, in the sense of Hamiltonian structures, the dynamics of the elastic body
is close to that of the shell. The constitutive equations of the 3D model and their behavior as the thickness tends to zero
dictates whether the limiting 2D model is a constrained or an unconstrained director model.
We apply our theory in the specific case of a 3D Saint Venant-Kirchhoff material andderive the corresponding limiting shell and rod theories. The limiting shell model is an interesting Kirchhoff-like shell model
in which the stored energy function is explicitly derived in terms of the shell curvature. For rods, one gets (with an additional
inextensibility constraint) a one-director Kirchhoff elastic rod model, which reduces to the well-known Euler elastica if
one adds an additional single constraint that the director lines up with the Frenet frame.
This paper is dedicated to the memory of Juan C. Simo
This paper was solicited by the editors to be part of a volume dedicated to the memory of Juan Simo. 相似文献
914.
915.
916.
Summary. We examine the convergence characteristics of iterative methods based on a new preconditioning operator for solving the linear
systems arising from discretization and linearization of the steady-state Navier-Stokes equations. With a combination of analytic
and empirical results, we study the effects of fundamental parameters on convergence. We demonstrate that the preconditioned
problem has an eigenvalue distribution consisting of a tightly clustered set together with a small number of outliers. The
structure of these distributions is independent of the discretization mesh size, but the cardinality of the set of outliers
increases slowly as the viscosity becomes smaller. These characteristics are directly correlated with the convergence properties
of iterative solvers.
Received August 5, 2000 / Published online June 20, 2001 相似文献
917.
Trace pollutants analysis in soil by a time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
A. Ciucci V. Palleschi S. Rastelli R. Barbini F. Colao R. Fantoni A. Palucci S. Ribezzo H. J. L. van der Steen 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》1996,63(2):185-190
The results of a joint experiment of IFAM-Pisa and ENEA-Frascati for the detection of traces of pollutants in soil by a time-resolved laser-induced spectroscopy technique are reported. Using samples of soil with known pollutants' concentration [Geochemical Exploration Reference (GXR) silicate from US Geological Survey], we were able to estimate the sensitivity of this Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technique to be of the order of some parts per million for a vast class of metallic pollutants, including extremely dangerous soil pollutants such as copper, lead and chromium.ENEA guest with HC&M fellowship 相似文献
918.
Isabel Echeverria Ping-Chung Su Sindee L. Simon Donald J. Plazek 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1995,33(17):2457-2468
Creep and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements have been used to study the physical aging behavior of a polyetherimide. Isothermal aging temperatures ranged from 160°C to Tg with aging times ranging from 10 min to 8 days. The only measurable effect of physical aging on the short-time creep curves is a shift of the creep compliance to longer times. Andrade plots of the compliance versus the cube root of time are linear at short times with the slope β decreasing with increasing aging time to a constant value once equilibrium is reached. Log β3 is related directly to the degree to which the creep curves shift to longer times with physical aging, and is used in this work as a measure of physical aging. A reduced curve of log β3 versus log aging time is obtained for the aging temperatures investigated by appropriate vertical and horizontal shifts. The enthalpy change during aging increases linearly with the logarithm of the aging time, ta, leveling off at equilibrium at values which increase with decreasing aging temperature. Hence, both nonequilibrium and equilibrium temperature shift factors can be calculated from the DSC data. Good agreement is observed between the equilibrium temperature shift factors obtained from the creep and DSC data. The temperature dependence of the nonequilibrium temperature shift factors is found to be an order of magnitude smaller than that of the equilibrium shift factors. The time scales to reach equilibrium for enthalpy and for mechanical measurements are found to be the same within experimental error. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
919.
Steven J. Sepanski 《Journal of Theoretical Probability》1997,10(4):1053-1063
For independent identically distributed random vectors belonging to the generalized Domain of Attraction of the multivariate normal law, we define two partial sum processes analogous to that of Donsker's Theorem. We prove that each converges in distribution to a Brownian Motion in the space of continuous functions. One process uses nonrandom operator normalization, and the other is a studentization of the first, using normalization by the empirical covariance operator. 相似文献
920.
Distribution of melamine in polyester–melamine surface coatings cured under nonisothermal conditions
N. J. W. Gamage D. J. T. Hill C. A. Lukey P. J. Pomery 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(1):83-91
The influence of experimental cure parameters on the diffusion of reactive species in polyester–melamine thermoset coatings during curing has been investigated with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared. The diffusion of melamine plays a vital role in the curing process and, therefore, in the ultimate properties of coatings. At a low (<20%) hexamethoxymethylmelamine (HMMM) crosslinker concentration, the matrix composition is uniform, but at high HMMM concentrations, excess HMMM rapidly segregates to the air–coating interface. The rate of migration is governed by the difference in the surface free energies of polyester and HMMM and the concentration gradient of HMMM between the bulk and the surface. An increased rate of energy absorption also increases the rate of migration of HMMM to the surface. A physical model has been proposed to explain this surface segregation phenomenon in terms of cocondensation and self‐condensation reactions. It suggests that an appropriate amount of melamine can be segregated on the surface and allowed to self‐condense to form a desired thickness of a melamine topcoat through the control of the binder composition and cure conditions. This technique can be implemented to apply a melamine topcoat during cure. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 83–91, 2004 相似文献