Theoretical study of armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of a strong laser field: high harmonic generation

The nonlinear optical response of armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes under high-intensity laser irradiation is investigated theoretically and numerically because the generation of high harmonics requires a strong laser field and come from the nonlinear motion of π electrons in carbon nanotubes. A nonperturbative approach is performed to investigate the effect of group velocity on the high harmonics spectrum by nanotubes. A set of the quantum kinetic equations is derived, which includes coupled equations for the density matrix. By solving the density matrix and the current density equations numerically, we have studied the high-order harmonic generation from metallic carbon nanotubes driven by an electromagnetic external field.     

Fabrication of L10 FePtAg nanoparticles and a study of the effect of Ag during the annealing process

L1₀ ferromagnetic phase FePt nanoparticles containing Ag atoms (FePtAg) were synthesized by means of a liquid phase process, followed by annealing. The addition of Ag to FePt nanoparticles permits annealing to be conducted at a lower temperature (350 °C). This is further accompanied by a subsequent transformation in the crystal phase from the FCC superparamagnetic phase to the FCT (L1₀) ferromagnetic phase. The effects of annealing temperature and the Ag atoms inside the nanoparticles on the magnetic properties of the FePt nanoparticles have been studied. Using electron spectroscopy for the chemical analysis (ESCA), Ag atoms in the L1₀ phase FePtAg nanoparticles were found to be localized on the surface region of the annealed nanoparticles. The Ag atoms function to inhibit the oxidation of FePt, causing the particles to become more stable and to have ferromagnetic properties.     

Implementation of two way Quantum Key Distribution protocol with decoy state

We report on the first demonstration of a two way Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol with decoy state. The experiment was conducted over free space medium and exhibits a significant increase in the maximum secure distance of a two way QKD protocol specifically the LM05 protocol.     

Improved two-way six-state protocol for quantum key distribution

A generalized version for a qubit based two-way quantum key distribution scheme was first proposed in the paper [Phys. Lett. A 358 (2006) 85] capitalizing on the six quantum states derived from three mutually unbiased bases. While boasting of a higher level of security, the protocol was not designed for ease of practical implementation. In this work, we propose modifications to the protocol, resulting not only in improved security but also in a more efficient and practical setup. We provide comparisons for calculated secure key rates for the protocols in noisy and lossy channels.     

Crystal Structure of a p-Benzylcalix[5]arene- pyridine Complex

p-Benzylcalix[5]arene.3py (py = pyridine) (1) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1, a = 10.641(3), b = 13.975(3), c = 24.052(12) Å, = 94.60(4), = 91.51(4), = 111.46(2)°, V = 3312(4) ų, Z = 2. Refinement led to a final conventional R value of 0.065 for 5457 reflections. The calixarene is in a distorted cone conformation. Two pyridine molecules are hydrogen bonded to phenolic oxygen atoms and one of them is included in the hydrophobic cavity of the neighboring calixarene molecule along the a axis.     

A Coated Graphite Thorium‐Ion Selective Potentiometric Sensor Based on a Calix[4]arene Bearing Phosphoryl Groups

5,11,17,23‐Tetra‐tert‐butyl‐25,26,27,28‐tetrakis(diphenylphosphinoylmethoxy)calix[4]arene ( 1 )has been used for the preparation of a graphite coated thorium ion‐selective electrode (Th⁴⁺‐ISE). The plasticized PVC membrane containing 30% PVC, 58% ortho‐nitrophenyloctylether (NPOE), 4% sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) and 8% ionophore was directly coated on a graphite rod. This sensor gave good Nernstian responses with a slope of 15.5 ± 0.1 mV/decade over a concentration range of 1 × 10^?5 ?1 × 10^?3 M of thorium ions with a limit of detection of 7.9 × 10^?6 M. The dynamic response time of the electrode to achieve a steady potential was found to be about 15 seconds. The potential of the prepared sensor was independent of the pH variation in the range 2.3–4.0. The selectivity relative to several mono‐, di‐ and tri‐valent metal ions, i.e. Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Ag⁺, NH₄⁺, Sr²⁺, Mn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, La³⁺, Sm³⁺, Dy³⁺, Er³⁺ and Y³⁺ was examined. This electrode can be used for 6 months without any considerable divergences in the potential response. The sensor was successfully used as an indicator electrode for the potentiometric titration of a thorium solution using a standard solution of EDTA.     

The First Quantization of Spin \frac32\frac{3}{2} Field in de Sitter Space

The de Sitter solution to the positive cosmological Einstein field equation has been viewed as a one-sheeted hyperboloid embedded in a five dimensional Minkowski space. To find Lagrangian equation of supersymmetry-group in the de Sitter space, the different spinor field’s quantization have been demonstrated. In this work, the first quantization of spin field in the time-space de Sitter universe with ambient space notation has been done.     

Two new xanthones from Calophyllum nodusum (Guttiferae)

The air-dried powdered stem bark of Calophyllum nodusum (Guttiferea) collected from Sandakan (Sabah, Malaysia), was extracted sequentially with hexane, chloroform and methanol. The solvents were removed by rotary evaporator to give dark viscous extracts. Detailed and repeated chromatographic separation of the extracts lead to isolation of two new xanthones, identified as nodusuxanthone and trapezifolixanthone A. Other common terpenoids such as betulinic acid, lupeol, stigmasterol and friedelin were also isolated from the extracts and identified. The structures of the compounds were established by detailed spectral analysis and comparison with previously reported data.