Synthesis and spectral properties of 7‐chloro‐5‐[(o‐ and p‐R1)phenyl]‐1‐R2‐3H‐[1,4]benzodiazepin‐2‐ones

A series of twelve new 7‐chloro‐5‐[(o‐ and p‐R₁)phenyl]‐1‐R₂‐3H‐[1,4] benzo‐diazepin‐2‐ones, which have possible pharmacological properties were synthesized. The synthesis of all the final compounds was carried out by four steps. The structure of all final products was corroborated by ir, ¹H nmr, ¹³C nmr and ms, and have been obtained in 35‐94% yield.     

Influence of trace elements supplementation on the production of recombinant frutalin by Pichia pastoris KM71H in fed-batch process

Frutalin, a galactose-specific lectin used to detect specific tumour markers, is a protein with low expression level in breadfruit. In the present study, fed-batch fermentation in a stirred tank bioreactor was used as a strategy to enhance protein production by a recombinant Pichia pastoris KM71H. By using this process, the production of recombinant frutalin was 4-fold higher than the value obtained in shaker flasks batch assays. Supplementation of the fermentation medium with trace elements (Pichia trace minerals, PTM) was also evaluated in order to stimulate production of the recombinant protein. The addition of PTM to the minimum medium afforded a recombinant protein production of 13.4 mg L^?1, which was 2.5-fold higher than that achieved from the culture medium without PTM supplementation. These results are significant as the development of strategies to improve the production of recombinant frutalin may broaden its application in cancer diagnosis.     

Kinetic study of template removal of Al-MCM-41 synthesized at room temperature

The Al-MCM-41 molecular sieve with Si/Al = 20 molar ratio was synthesized at room temperature and characterized by X-ray diffractometry, surface area, thermogravimetry, and infrared spectroscopy. The kinetic study was conducted by Vyazovkin and Ozawa method, in order to verify the activation energy during the Hofmann degradation between 130 and 370 °C, in which most of surfactant removal occurs. The results suggest that the activation energy for template removal is close to 80 kJ mol^?1 lower in Al-MCM-41 synthesized at room temperature, when compared to results obtained for mesopores Al-MCM-41 and MCM-41 synthesized by hydrothermal method. This lower activation energy may be understood as consequence of textural properties, such as higher pore size.     

Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in relativistic fluid dynamics

The Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) nonlinear wave equation is the three dimensional generalization of the Korteveg-de Vries (KdV) equation. We show how to obtain the cylindrical KP (cKP) and cartesian KP in relativistic fluid dynamics. The obtained KP equations describe the evolution of perturbations in the baryon density in a strongly interacting quark gluon plasma (sQGP) at zero temperature. We also show the analytical solitary wave solution of the KP equations in both cases.     

Non-conventional oils for biodiesel production: a study of thermal and oxidative stability

Vegetable oils with variable proportions of oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids are more susceptible to oxidative processes. In this subject, this study evaluates the physical chemical properties and oxidative stability of non-conventional oils such as andiroba, babassu, sesame, oiticica, jatropha, and grape through accelerated oxidation techniques (pressurized differential scanning calorimetry, Rancimat and PetroOxy). It was verified that babassu and andiroba oil do not showed detectable induction period presenting high oxidative stability; moreover, it was observed that the enthalpic events occurred in 1.19, >10, 0.53, 0.49, 0.49, and 0.60 h for the andiroba oil, babassu oil, sesame seeds, jatropha, oiticica oils, and grapes, respectively, stimulating the conclusion of greater stability for the babassu oil.     

Contribution of thermal imaging to fertigation in soilless culture

Thermography is a tool used in many scientific disciplines, including agriculture. This paper describes the application of thermography as a rapid diagnostic method of adequate watering. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, Philodendron erubescens and Anthurium andraeum were transplanted to pots in a greenhouse in Almeria (Spain). The vegetative growth parameters of these plants were measured. In experiment 2, two areas of vegetative cover were established on green walls: one with a combination of aromatic plants and another with ornamental indoor plants. The thermographic images were recorded using a compact infrared camera, which had a spectral infrared range of 7.3–13 μm, microbolometer of 320 × 240 pixels, and the resolution was 0.01 °C at 30 °C. Three irrigation treatments were applied in both experiments, consisting of a control treatment (CT), a deficit irrigation [1/3 less volume, deficient irrigation (DI)] treatment, and an excess irrigation [1/3 greater volume, excess irrigation (EI)] treatment. In both experiments, the sample temperatures were recorded by thermography for each irrigation treatment. In experiment 1, the vegetative growth parameters were greater under CT than under DI or EI. The data of the reference thermographs over the leaves of the potted plants were significantly correlated with the superior growth parameters under the optimal irrigation treatment. A continuous vegetative canopy was formed on both of the green walls in experiment 2, and the average temperatures were correlated with the irrigation treatments in this experiment. The temperatures reflected in the reference thermographs allowed for the determination of the most appropriate irrigation treatment. These results suggest that thermography can be a useful method to provide an early diagnosis of water stress in potted plants and green walls.