Synthesis of 2-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-1-(substituted-phenyl)acrylonitriles: in vitro anticancer activity against MCF-7, PC-3 and A2780 cancer cell lines

A series of 2-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-1-(substituted-phenyl)acrylonitrile (2–9) were designed and synthesized to develop new cancer drugs. The structures of synthesized compounds 2–9 were described by using melting point, mass (MALDI-TOF-MS), FT-IR, elemental analysis, ¹H, ¹³C, ¹³C-APT and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The in vitro anticancer activities of 2–9 against human breast cancer (MCF-7), human prostate cancer (PC-3) and human ovarian cancer cells (A2780) were investigated by [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay method. Additionally, the LogIC₅₀ values of these compounds on A2780, MCF-7 and PC-3 cell lines were calculated by using inhibition % values by the GraphPad Prism 6 program on a computer. The results indicated that these compounds have high anticancer activity against MCF-7, PC-3 and A2780 cell lines (especially A2780 cell lines, p < 0.05).     

Highly Conductive PEDOT:PSS Films with 1,3‐Dimethyl‐2‐Imidazolidinone as Transparent Electrodes for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

Highly conductive poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films as transparent electrodes for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are doped with a new solvent 1,3‐dimethyl‐2‐imidazolidinone (DMI) and are optimized using solvent post‐treatment. The DMI doped PEDOT:PSS films show significantly enhanced conductivities up to 812.1 S cm⁻¹. The sheet resistance of the PEDOT:PSS films doped with DMI is further reduced by various solvent post‐treatment. The effect of solvent post‐treatment on DMI doped PEDOT:PSS films is investigated and is shown to reduce insulating PSS in the conductive films. The solvent posttreated PEDOT:PSS films are successfully employed as transparent electrodes in white OLEDs. It is shown that the efficiency of OLEDs with the optimized DMI doped PEDOT:PSS films is higher than that of reference OLEDs doped with a conventional solvent (ethylene glycol). The results present that the optimized PEDOT:PSS films with the new solvent of DMI can be a promising transparent electrode for low‐cost, efficient ITO‐free white OLEDs.

     

Description of the shape of thermoanalytical curves

Empirical parameters were chosen for the characterization of peaks (or steps) of thermoanalytical curves. The parameters were applied in studies on the repeatability, the relationship between kinetic constants and peak shape, the effect of sample thermal resistance. Kinetic constants can be estimated on the basis of peak shape parameters. Besides, approximate criteria were formulated for experiments allowing kinetic evaluation with the neglect of the heat transport within the sample. The empirical parameters were also used in checking the suitability of DSC data for purity analysis and in detecting changes of the thermal decomposition of papers caused by ageing.Zur Beschreibung von Peaks bzw. Stufen thermoanalytischer Kurven wurden emperische Parameter ermittelt, die bei der Untersuchung der Reproduziertbarkeit, der Beziehung zwischen kinetischen Konstanten und Peakform so wie des Einflusses des thermischen Wiederstandes der Probe angewendet wurden. Kinetische Konstanten können auf der Basis von Peakformparametern geschÄtzt werden. Weiterhin wurden Kriterien für Experimente ermittelt, die eine kinetische NÄherungslösung unter VernachlÄssigung des WÄrmetransportes innerhalb der Probe ermöglichen. Die empirischen Parameter wurden au\erdem bei der Untersuchung der Eignung von DSC-daten zur Reinheitsanalyse angewendet, weiterhin zum Nachweis von alterungsbedingten Änderungen der thermischen Zerzetzung von Papier.

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The authors express their thanks to Mrs E. Tóth for her valuable technical help. The permission to reproduce Figs 2–6 and 8–10 from Analytica Chimica Acta and Thermochimica Acta (Elsevier, Amsterdam) is also acknowledged.     

Crystal and molecular structure of [9-(2′-tosylaminophenyl)-6-methylthio-3-acetyl-5,7,8-triazanone-3,6,8-thien-2-one]

Institute for Applied Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. Nat. Research Institute for Physics and Organic Chemistry, Rostov State University. Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 199–202, 1990.     

Assessment of the Fe-Sn-Zn phase diagram at 450°C

The Fe-Sn-Zn system is of interest because Sn is one element added to the Zn galvanizing bath to overcome the drawbacks due to the presence of Si in semi-killed steels. This work has been undertaken with the aim to understand the tin effect on the microstructure and the layers growth in batch galvanized coatings on low alloyed steels. Various experimental techniques such as metallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) are used in order to characterize the microstructure and the properties of such coatings elaborated in a zinc bath enriched with tin. Solidification phenomena and layers growth mechanisms during galvanization are explained by means of the ternary phase diagram Fe-Sn-Zn at 450°C. The Calphad method allows to obtain this phase diagram from the three optimized binary phase diagrams Fe-Sn, Fe-Zn and Sn-Zn and some experimental data inside the ternary Fe-Sn-Zn system.     

Analytical development for analysis of pharmaceuticals in water samples by SPE and GC–MS

An analytical procedure involving solid-phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for determination of pharmaceutical compounds (aspirin, caffeine, carbamazepine, diclofenac, ketoprofen, naproxen, ibuprofen, clofibrate, clofibric acid, and gemfibrozil) in a variety of aqueous samples (wastewater and surface water). After filtration, samples were extracted and concentrated using C₁₈ or HLB cartridges, depending on the type of compound. Sample storage conditions were checked and optimized to ensure preservation of the pharmaceutical substance, taking into consideration environmental sampling conditions. For most of the pharmaceuticals monitored, recovery was in the range 53 to 99% and the variability was below 15% for the complete procedure, with limits of detection ranging from 0.4 to 2.5 ng L⁻¹, depending on the compound. The methods were successfully applied to monitoring of pharmaceutical contamination of the Seine estuary. Concentrations varied from several dozens of nanograms per liter for surface waters to several hundreds of nanograms per liter for wastewaters.     

Effect of selenium oxidation state on cadmium translocation in chamomile plants

Syntheses and spectral characteristics of cadmium(II) compounds (CdSeO₄, CdSeO₃, and Cd(NCSe)₂(nia)₂) containing selenium in oxidation states (VI), (IV), and (-II) are described. In Cd(NCSe)₂(nia)₂, nicotinamide (nia) and selenocyanate anions are bonded to Cd atom as N-donor monodentate ligands. Nicotinamide is coordinated through the ring nitrogen atom. The effects of these selenium compounds as well as Cd(NCS)₂(nia)₂ on the growth and Cd accumulation in roots and shoots of hydroponically cultivated chamomile plants (cultivar Lutea) were studied. In the applied concentration range (12–60 μmol dm⁻³) Cd(NCS)₂(nia)₂ affected neither the length nor the dry mass of roots and shoots. Other compounds applied at 24 μmol dm⁻³ and 60 μmol dm⁻³ significantly reduced dry mass of roots and shoots. Selenium oxidation state in the cadmium compounds affected Cd accumulation in plant organs as well as Cd translocation within the plants, which was reflected in the values of bioaccumulation (BAF) and translocation factors (S/R). Cd amount accumulated by shoots was lower than that in the roots. The highest BAF values determined for Cd accumulation in shoots were obtained with CdSeO₄. Substitution of S with Se in the Cd(NCX)₂(nia)₂ (X = Se or S) caused an increase of Cd translocation into the shoots. Presented at the XVIIIth Slovak Spectroscopic Conference, Spišská Nová Ves, 15–18 October 2006.     

The role of pyrrhotite (Fe7S8) and the sample texture in the hydrothermal transformation of pentlandite ((Fe,Ni)9S8) to violarite ((Ni,Fe)3S4)

The catalytic role of pyrrhotite (Fe₇S₈) in the reaction kinetics of the hydrothermal transformation of pentlandite ((Fe,Ni)₉S₈) to violarite ((FeNi₂S₄) was found to depend on the physical form of pyrrhotite. Pyrrhotite in fine scale intergrown with pentlandite boosts the reaction, whereas in a mechanical mixture of pyrrhotite and pentlandite, it plays the opposite role. This phenomenon was interpreted as result of dissolution of pyrrhotite under reaction conditions.     

Synthesis, characterization, and saccharide binding studies of bile acid-porphyrin conjugates

Synthesis and characterization of bile acid-porphyrin conjugates (BAPs) are reported. Binding of saccharides with BAPs in aqueous methanol was studied by monitoring changes in the visible absorption spectral of the porphyrin-moieties. Although these studies clearly showed absorbance changes, suggesting quite high if non-selective binding, the mass spectral studies do not unambiguously support these results.