A numerical investigation on the zeros of the Genocchi polynomials

It is the aim of this paper to introduce the Genocchi numbersG _n and polynomialsG _n (x) and to display the shape of Genocchi polynomialsG _n (x). Finally, we investigate the roots of the Genocchi polynomialsG _n (x).     

Global Optimization of Multiplicative Programs

This paper develops global optimization algorithms for linear multiplicative and generalized linear multiplicative programs based upon the lower bounding procedure of Ryoo and Sahinidis [30] and new greedy branching schemes that are applicable in the context of any rectangular branch-and-bound algorithm. Extensive computational results are presented on a wide range of problems from the literature, including quadratic and bilinear programs, and randomly generated large-scale multiplicative programs. It is shown that our algorithms make possible for the first time the solution of large and complex multiplicative programs to global optimality.     

An impulsive, electropulsation-driven backflow in microchannels during electroporation

We describe for the first time an impulsive, electropulsation-driven backflow in microchannels for on-chip cell electroporation.     

Size-Selective Ionic Crosslinking Provides Stretchable Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors

Mechanically compliant conductors are of utmost importance for the emerging fields of soft electronics and robotics. However, the development of intrinsically deformable organic conductors remains a challenge due to the trade-off between mechanical performance and charge mobility. In this study, we report a solution to this issue based on size-selective ionic crosslinking. This rationally designed crosslinking mediated by length-regulated oligo(ethylene glycol) pendant groups and metal ions simultaneously improved the softness and toughness and ensured excellent mixed ionic–electronic conductivity in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate composite materials. Moreover, the added ions remarkably promoted accumulation of charge carriers in response to temperature gradient, thus offering a viable approach to stretchable thermoelectric generators with enhanced stability against humidity.     

A microfluidic system incorporated with peptide/Pd nanowires for heterogeneous catalytic reactions

Highly stable diphenylalanine peptide nanowires were selectively self-assembled in the reaction zone of a microfluidic system and applied for microchemical hydrogenation and Suzuki coupling reactions through the hybridization of Pd nanoparticles.     

A New Efficient Synthetic Method for 3‐Iodothyronamine and Its Potent Hypothermic Efficacy

We developed a new efficient synthetic method for a 3‐iodothyronamine (T₁AM) that has advantages of less synthetic steps and much higher overall yield compared to those in the conventional method. Our animal study showed that T₁AM synthesized by the method exerted a potent hypothermic effect in non‐hibernator mice.     

Copper-Mediated Selective Cyanation of Indoles and 2-Phenylpyridines with Ammonium Iodide and DMF

Copper-mediated regioselective cyanation of indoles and 2-phenylpyridines was developed by using ammonium iodide and DMF as the combined source of a cyano unit under "Pd-free" conditions. Mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction of indoles proceeds through a two-step sequence: electrophilic initial iodination and then cyanation. The cyanation has a broad substrate scope, high functional group tolerance, and excellent regioselectivity.     

Development of advanced radiation sources at KAERI

The KAERI Center for Quantum Beam-Based Radiation Research, was founded in 2011. The center pursues the development of advanced radiation sources and their applications in biology, material science, and nuclear physics. There are two main research topics in the development of advanced radiation sources: a system with high-power T-ray pump and an ultrashort X-ray probe system and a compact electron storage ring based on a laser-accelerated electron beam.     

Molecular motions of tactic poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) in solutions studied by 13C-NMR relaxation measurement

The spin-lattice relaxation time and the nuclear Overhauser enhancement were measured using Bruker AM 300 spectrometer operating at 75.5 MHz for ¹³C to investigate the molecular motional characteristics and its tacticity effect for tactic poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) as a function of temperature in dimethyl sulfoxide and methanol solvents. The observed relaxation data have been analyzed for both backbone motion and methyl internal rotation according to the log-χ² distribution model and the diamond-lattice model. The correlation times thus obtained for the molecular motions show that isotactic PHEMA is more flexible than syndiotactic counterpart. The syndiotactic PHEMA seems to have intramolecular hydrogen bonding which restricts the motion of C-2 carbon at temperatures below 35°C, whereas the isotactic one indicated no hydrogen bonding at all temperatures examined in this study. The methyl group of isotactic PHEMA shows a greater degree of freedom for the internal rotation than that of syndiotactic one. From the temperature dependence of correlation times, the activation energies for both backbone segmental motion and methyl internal rotation are obtained. The activation energies, 20 kJ/mol for backbone motion and 19 kJ/mol for methyl internal rotation, for isotactic PHEMA are substantially lower than the corresponding activation energies of 30 and 32 kJ/mol obtained for syndiotactic one. An examination of these energies indicates that methyl side group and backbone motions in tactic PHEMA are linked together.