Direct epoxidation of propylene by molecular oxygen over a catalyst system containing palladium and a peroxo-heteropoly compound in methanol

A catalyst system consisting of palladium and a peroxo-heteropoly compound in methanol showed 81.6% selectivity for propylene oxide at 42.7% propylene conversion using molecular oxygen as oxidant in an autoclave reactor at 373 K for 6 h.     

Two-dimensional coherent detection imaging in multiple scattering media based on the directional resolution capability of the optical heterodyne method

This paper describes a new application of optical heterodyne detection using a laser beam for two-dimensional imaging of the internal structure of strongly scattering media in which the structure is completely obstructed from normal visual observation. The directional resolution capability for image formation due to the excellent antenna properties of the heterodyne technique is verified experimentally using a ground glass to cause strong scattering of the signal beam. Successful image detection of a test target placed in a highly scattering absorptive medium, with spatial resolution better than 400 m in the case of our experiments, demonstrates that this Coherent Detection Imaging (CDI) method can overcome the diffuse nature of images in media such as those of biomedical interest and others to achieve scanning and tomographic imaging.     

Ethanol conversion to aromatic hydrocarbons over several zeolite catalysts

Summary H-ZSM-5 (Si/Al₂ = 29) zeolite showed especially high activity in the conversion of ethanol to BTX (benzene, toluene, xylenes), while other zeolites exclusively formed ethylene. Noble metal catalysts supported on H-ZSM-5 (29) zeolite have high activity for the formation of BTX. Of these, Au/H-ZSM-5 catalyst can partially inhibit carbon deposition during the reaction, thus maintaining constant catalytic activity for BTX formation.     

Evaluation of renal blood volume by PET--the aorta-kidney equilibrium monitored with C15O

Twenty subjects inhaled C15O and its dynamics were monitored to determine when equilibrium between the aorta and kidney occurred. One minute after inhalation, the increase in radioactivity in the aorta paralleled that in the kidney, but thereafter, both declined slowly. The ratio of aorta/kidney radioactivity become constant 1 min after inhalation and remained unchanged for 4 min. Thus renal blood volume can be measured 1 min after inhalation of C15O its distribution in the aorta and kidney has attained equilibrium.     

Simultaneous measurements of oxygen pressure,composition, and electrical conductivity in praseodymium oxides: II. Pr10O18 and PrO2−x phases

Simultaneous measurements of oxygen pressure, composition, and electrical conductivity have been conducted in Pr₁₀O_18±x (epsilon) and PrO_2?x (alpha) phases, between Pr₉O_16±x (zeta) and Pr₁₀O_18±x phases, and between Pr₇O_12±x (iota) and PrO_2?x phases. In Pr₁₀O_18±x phase, the predominant defects are assigned to be neutral oxygen interstitials and neutral or doubly charged oxygen vacancies, and electrical conduction is thought to be governed mainly by the concentration of 7-coordinated praseodymium ions, which are the easiest sites for hopping electrons between Pr³⁺ and Pr⁴⁺ ions. In PrO_2?x phase, the electrical conductivity increases with oxygen pressure and the $\text{O}\text{Pr}$ ratio and the predominant defects are assigned to be neutral oxygen interstitials, indicating that oxygen vacancies are ordered in a short range and this phase is expressed by PrO_1.78+x rather than PrO_2?x in the region measured. The electrical conductivity-composition measurement, as well as the oxygen pressure-composition measurement, shows a reproducible hysteresis loop between Pr₉O_16±x and Pr₁₀O_18±x and it is discussed in terms of a domain model.     

Immunochemical measurement and immunohistochemical detection of membrane-associated placental tissue protein 1

Using the avidin-biotin binding system, an enzyme immunoassay procedure was developed to measure the membrane-associated placental tissue protein 1 (MP1) in serum. The standard curve covered the range from 10 to 1000 ng/ml of MP1. The intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variations (C.Vs) were less than 5 and 10%, respectively. Recoveries of MP1 added to serum ranged between about 96 and 101%. The MP1 serum level was over 10 and under 112 ng/ml in non-pathological men, and under 240 ng/ml in non-pathological women. The MP1 level in the ovulatory phase was higher than in other phases of the menstrual cycle. In pregnancies during 6-39 weeks, the MP1 level ranged from 10 to 540 ng/ml, and it increased during the third trimester of gestational age. In benign gynecologic diseases, the MP1 concentration in serum ranged from 10 to 215 ng/ml. The MP1 levels in benign diseases were compared with those in ovarian malignancies, in endometrial carcinoma, and in uterine cervical cancer. The immunohistochemical location of MP1 was detected in the cell membrane of ovarian cystadenocarcinoma.     

Asymmetric synthesis of β-lactams. II. Highly effective asymmetric induction by means of “titanium template”

The reaction of dimethylketene methyl trimethylsilyl acetal with the Schiff bases of chiral α-amino esters in the presence of titanium tetrachloride gave the corresponding β-lactams with extremely high stereoselectivity (up to > 99% diastereomeric purity). Possible mechanism for the highly effective asymmetric induction using “titanium template” is proposed.