Quasi Monte Carlo-based isotropic distribution of gradient directions for improved reconstruction quality of 3D EPR imaging

In continuous wave (CW) electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI), high quality of reconstructed image along with fast and reliable data acquisition is highly desirable for many biological applications. An accurate representation of uniform distribution of projection data is necessary to ensure high reconstruction quality. The current techniques for data acquisition suffer from nonuniformities or local anisotropies in the distribution of projection data and present a poor approximation of a true uniform and isotropic distribution. In this work, we have implemented a technique based on Quasi-Monte Carlo method to acquire projections with more uniform and isotropic distribution of data over a 3D acquisition space. The proposed technique exhibits improvements in the reconstruction quality in terms of both mean-square-error and visual judgment. The effectiveness of the suggested technique is demonstrated using computer simulations and 3D EPRI experiments. The technique is robust and exhibits consistent performance for different object configurations and orientations.     

Generation and Identification of the Linear OCBNO and OBNCO Molecules with 24 Valence Electrons

Two structural isomers containing five second-row element atoms with 24 valence electrons were generated and identified by matrix-isolation IR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The OCBNO complex, which is produced by the reaction of boron atoms with mixtures of carbon monoxide and nitric oxide in solid neon, rearranges to the more stable OBNCO isomer on UV excitation. Bonding analysis indicates that the OCBNO complex is best described by the bonding interactions between a triplet-state boron cation with an electron configuration of (2s)⁰(2p_σ)⁰(2p_π)² and the CO/NO⁻ ligands in the triplet state forming two degenerate electron-sharing π bonds and two ligand-to-boron dative σ bonds.     

Optical heterodyne Herriott-type multipass laser absorption spectrometer

We present a Herriott-type multipass laser absorption spectrometer enhanced by optical heterodyne detection. The proposal is demonstrated by measuring the spectra of water vapor molecule in the region from 12247.6873 to 12249.6954 cm-1. Compared with direct absorption spectroscopy, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved nearly one magnitude of factor by combining with the optical heterodyne spectroscopy and extra weak absorption lines are observed. The minimum detectable absorption is estimated at 4.36×10-8 cm-1 and the measured line shape dominated by Doppler broadening can be precisely recovered by direct transformation of experimental optical heterodyne spectral profile.     

The morphologies and optoelectronic properties of delafossite CuFeO2 thin films prepared by PEG assisted sol–gel method

Single phase delafossite CuFeO₂ thin films were synthesized by a simple sol–gel method. The influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the morphology and optoelectronic properties of the films was studied by addition of 1.0 g PEG in 10 ml precursor solution. The crystal sizes of the derived CuFeO₂ films with and without addition of PEG were 49 nm, but the sample with addition of PEG (labeled as CFO-PEG) showed weaker c-axis orientation growth. The sample without addition of PEG (labeled as CFO) showed a compact surface without detectable pores and had a thickness around 50 nm. However, the sample CFO-PEG exhibited a porous surface with worm-like grains in nanometric scale and had a thickness around 310 nm. Enhanced absorbance in UV–vis region was observed for the sample CFO-PEG which might ascribe to both the thickness and porous surface. The optical direct bandgaps at near-UV were estimated to be ~3.0 and 3.38 eV for the sample CFO-PEG and CFO, respectively. Though the porous surface of CFO-PEG has improved the absorbance in UV–vis region, the resistivity has also been increased due to the homogeneous distribution of interspaces between the worm-like grains, which makes the incident photon to current efficiency of CFO-PEG lower than that of CFO.     

Facile Preparation of WO3−x Dots with Remarkably Low Toxicity and Uncompromised Activity as Co-reactants for Clinical Diagnosis by Electrochemiluminescence

The exceptional nature of WO_3−x dots has inspired widespread interest, but it is still a significant challenge to synthesize high-quality WO_3−x dots without using unstable reactants, expensive equipment, and complex synthetic processes. Herein, the synthesis of ligand-free WO_3−x dots is reported that are highly dispersible and rich in oxygen vacancies by a simple but straightforward exfoliation of bulk WS₂ and a mild follow-up chemical conversion. Surprisingly, the WO_3−x dots emerged as co-reactants for the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ with a comparable ECL efficiency to the well-known Ru(bpy)₃²⁺/tripropylamine (TPrA) system. Moreover, compared to TPrA, whose toxicity remains a critical issue of concern, the WO_3−x dots were ca. 300-fold less toxic. The potency of WO_3−x dots was further explored in the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with the most competitive limit of detection so far.     

Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric [4+3]‐Cyclization Reaction of Fused 1‐Azadienes with Amino‐trimethylenemethanes: Highly Stereoselective Construction of Chiral Fused Azepines

Summary of main observation and conclusion A Pd-catalyzed asymmetric aromative[4+3]-cyclization reaction of amino-trimethylenemethanes(TMM,1d,ip3-oles)with fused 1-azadienes has been developed.This method enables access to the synthetically importance and biologically active benzofuran fused azepines and indeno-azepines in excellent efficiency and stereoselectivity(up to 95%yield,99%ee,>19:1 dr).     

Effects of nonlinearity of restoring springs on propulsion performance of wave glider

Nonlinear Dynamics - Wave glider is an unmanned surface vehicle that can directly convert wave energy into forward propulsion and fulfill long-term marine monitoring. A previous study suggested...     

一个二进小波变换像空间的再生核函数

1 引言 小波分析是结合泛函分析、应用数学、逼近论、调和分析、广义函数论等数学知识的结晶,具有深刻的理论意义和广泛的应用范围,被称为”数学显微镜”.基于其多分辨分析的特点以及在时、频两域都具有表征信号局部特征的功能,应用它可以解决许多Fourier变换不能解决的难题,为工程应用提供了一种新的、更有效的分析工具[1],由...