Renal Clearable Luminescent WSe2 for Radioprotection of Nontargeted Tissues during Radiotherapy

High‐energy ionizing radiation is widely used in medical diagnosis and cancer radiation therapy. However, high‐energy radiation can also impose significant damages in healthy tissues during medical treatments via direct DNA damages and indirect damages from production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, it is urgent to develop highly effective radioprotectants with low toxicities that can meet the increasing needs for alleviating the adverse effects from cancer radiation therapy and nuclear emergency. In this work, strongly catalytic ultrasmall (sub‐5 nm) cysteine‐protected WSe₂ dots are employed to protect healthy tissues against radiation via diminishing radiation‐induced free radicals. The WSe₂ dots with high surface activities can recover radiation‐induced DNA damages and eliminate the excessive ROS generated from radiation. In vivo experiments confirm that the survival rate of mice treated with WSe₂ dots is significantly elevated with radiation damages postponed under exposure to high‐dose ionizing radiation. Furthermore, the free radicals in major organs and hematological system can be appreciably omitted, suggesting their unique role as free radical scavengers. These WSe₂ dots in ultrasmall size show rapid renal clearance of ≈74% injection dose via urine excretion in 24 h and do not cause any apparent toxicity in vivo for up to 30 d.     

螺线管场下强流相对论电子束焦斑尺寸的限制

 分析了螺线管场下影响强流相对论电子束聚焦的主要因素,并给出了各影响因素所限制的最小焦斑。计算结果表明,当发射度和能散度的值分别控制在0.397mm× rad和1%以内, 单个螺线管磁轴的偏心不大于0.54mrad,初始注入束偏心不大于1mrad时,对于20MeV、3kA的电子束和15MeV、2.5kA的电子束,最终打靶束焦斑均可小于1.5mm。     

高效透明导电膜荧光屏的研究

介绍了一种新型荧光屏结构,采用透明导电膜代替传统荧光屏中的铝膜作电极.分别测试了新型荧光屏和传统荧光屏的加电特性.实验结果表明新型荧光屏具有较高的耐压性能,对提高X射线变像管的空间分辨率有重要作用,而且能延长变像管的寿命.采用透明导电膜制作荧光屏还具有工艺简单,成本低和成品率高的优点.     

高功率半导体激光端面泵浦方形掺Nd3+离子激光晶体热形变研究

为了解决高功率半导体激光器端面泵浦激光晶体引起的热效应问题,激光晶体泵浦端面的热形变必须进行准确的计算.通过对于全固态激光器中激光晶体的工作特点分析,建立了矩形截面激光晶体热分析模型.基于热传导方程,提出了泊松方程的一种新解,并获得了矩形截面激光晶体端面热形变分布的一般解析表达式.同时讨论了半导体激光器偏心泵浦激光晶体给端面热形变带来的影响.与有限元分析方法以及其他数值分析方法相比,解析分析方法不会给计算引入任何的误差.热形变的解析分析为解决激光晶体的热效应问题以及提高激光器的性能提供了理论的依据.     

一种用于电光开关的高速、高压电脉冲的产生

介绍了一种用于电光开关驱动源的高压超快电脉冲产生技术;电路采用级联的雪崩晶体管串和微波传输线结构,输出阻抗50Ω;在50Ω负载情况下,获得脉冲下降时间为1ns、幅度达到5kV、峰值电压为6.4 kV、幅度和半宽度稳定性优于2％、触发晃动为±15ps、触发延时为30 ns,脉冲峰值电流为128 A的高压高速大电流脉冲.     

球幕投影光学系统的设计与研究

设计了一种飞行训练使用的球幕投影仪光学系统.系统焦距为5.5mm, 相对孔径为1/4,全视场角175°,光谱范围为可见光波段,采用了3组10片的反远距型结构.与普通投影系统不同之处在于,该系统在保证大视场的前提下有效地减小了场曲对像质的影响.给出了球幕结构对场曲影响的定量分析以及较为方便的屏幕半径选择方法.因全部采用国产玻璃而同时满足了国产化的要求.     

A puzzle of the radio-quiet quasar PG 1407+265: Are optical and X-ray emissions produced from a relativistic jet?

PG 1407+265 is a radio quiet quasar that has a relativistic jet.In this report,we show some peculiar properties of its optical and X-ray emissions,which indicate possible non-thermal origins produced from the jet.We use a simple synchrotron + synchrotron self Compton (SSC) model to fit the emissions with different ratios of energy densities between the magnetic field and electrons (η≡U B/U e),which predicts a different γ-ray luminosity.The First LAT AGN Catalog (1LAC) did not include PG 1407+265,which indic...     

Storage and retrieval of ultraslow optical solitons in coherent atomic system

We investigate the propagation of intense probe pulses in a lifetime broadened Λ-type three-level atomic system with a configuration of electromagnetically induced transparency. We find that ultraslow optical solitons formed by a balance between dispersion and nonlinearity can be stored and retrieved in the system by switching off and on a control field. Such pulses are robust during storage and retrieval, and hence may have potential applications in optical and quantum information processing.     

非线性发展方程的Riemann theta 函数等几种新解

为了构造非线性发展方程的复合型无穷序列精确解, 获得了第二种椭圆方程的Riemann theta 函数等几种新解.在此基础上,利用第二种椭圆方程与Riccati方程的Bäcklund变换和解的非线性叠加公式, 借助符号计算系统 Mathematica, 以mKdV方程为应用实例, 构造了该方程的复合型无穷序列新精确解.这里包括Riemann theta 函数、Jacobi椭圆函数、双曲函数、 三角函数和有理函数,通过几种形式构成的复合型无穷序列新精确解. 关键词： 第二种椭圆方程 Riccati方程 非线性发展方程 Riemann theta 函数无穷序列解     

改进型低阻类膜片加载同轴渡越时间振荡器

采用2.5维粒子模拟软件对改进型低阻类膜片加载同轴渡越时间振荡器进行了研究。研究结果表明：提取腔工作于类模场时,具有较高的束波互作用效率;引入渐变型输出波导,提高了提取腔内微波向外耦合输出的能力;通过加载感性支撑杆,一方面对金属膜片起支撑固定作用,另一方面可以及时将膜片上的感应电荷导流至接地外筒、从而降低间隙附近的空间电荷效应,以增加可提取的束动能。经优化设计,该结构在二极管电压为530 kV,二极管电流为12.9 kA、外加导引磁场为0.5 T的条件下,输出微波功率2.74 GW,微波频率7.76 GHz,束波功率转换效率达40%。