基于相位恢复算法的单强度记录光学加密系统

在传统的双随机相位光学加密系统的基础上,提出一种新的单强度记录光学加密技术。在加密时,将原始图像置于4-f系统的输入平面上进行双随机相位光学加密,利用CCD等感光器件记录输出平面上的光强分布作为密文,该光学加密过程只需一次曝光,在解密时,利用相位恢复算法进行迭代计算就可以由密文恢复原始图像。由于解密过程采用数字方式,因此可以在解密过程中引入各种数字图像处理技术来抑制散斑噪声,进一步改善解密图像质量。通过一系列仿真实验,证明该光学加密系统可以实现对二值图像和灰度图像的光学加密,并且能够很好地抵御已知明文攻击、选择明文攻击等方法的攻击。理论分析和计算机仿真表明,该光学加密技术系统结构简单,实现方便,并且不易受到各种攻击,安全性较高。     

W掺杂多级孔SiO2纳米球负载Pt用于催化甘油氢解制1,3-丙二醇

合成了原位W掺杂的多级孔SiO₂纳米球材料(W-HPSN), 系统考察了W-HPSN合成过程中短链醇类共溶剂(甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇)的加入对Pt/W-HPSN催化剂甘油氢解制1,3-丙二醇(1,3-PDO)性能的影响. 与仅以水为溶剂合成的材料制备的Pt/W-HPSN-H₂O催化剂相比, 加入醇类共溶剂后, 催化剂的比表面积均有不同程度的增大, 并在除1.4 nm的微孔和>2 nm的介孔以外, 在1.7 nm处出现了新的微孔结构. 在甘油氢解反应中, 加入醇类共溶剂合成的材料制备的催化剂的催化性能也更高. 在最佳的以甲醇作为共溶剂合成的Pt/W-HPSN-Me催化剂上, 甘油转化率和1,3-PDO选择性分别为88.8%和56.3%, 而Pt/W-HPSN-H₂O催化剂上二者分别为64.1%和40.7%. 根据表征结果, 推测更小的Pt粒径、更多原位产生的Brønsted酸位, 有利于提高Pt/W-HPSN催化剂的催化性能. 通过对W-HPSN-Me的组成进行优化, 发现当W/Si物质的量比为1/320时, Pt/W-HPSN-Me催化剂在423 K、氢气压力4 MPa、反应时间仅为12 h的反应条件下, 甘油转化率和1,3-PDO选择性进一步提高至98.7%和58.8%, 1,3-PDO得率可达58.0%, 展示了HPSN材料作为甘油选择氢解制1,3-PDO催化剂载体的良好应用前景.     

Influence on Emulsification in Binary Flooding of Oil Displacement Effect

As one of the important mechanisms of EOR for SP binary flooding, emulsification attracts much attention of researchers. But there have not yet unified methods or clear understandings of evaluation of the emulsion function on flooding system and emulsification's impact on enhanced oil recovery. A comprehensive evaluation method of emulsifying properties is established in this paper for the first time. It characterizes the emulsifying properties of different flooding system by using the emulsifying integrated index, and examines the corresponding core flooding results of different emulsifying properties. Results of Berea core test show that the flooding system runs better with a higher emulsifying composite index in cores whose permeability is 300 ～ 400 mD. When emulsifying integrated index increases from 23.9% to 80.2%, the corresponding oil displacement efficiency reaches 12%. When emulsifying integrated index is under the medium level of 50% or less, the SP flooding system efficiency increases rapidly with the index changes, then increases slowly. The influencing rule of emulsification of SP binary flooding is obtained in this paper, which is important to optimize the formulation of SP binary flooding system, provide an important basis and technical support for the design of field experiments and SP flooding promotion.     

Generation of Photocurrent by Visible‐Light Irradiation of Conjugated Dawson Polyoxophosphovanadotungstate–Porphyrin Copolymers

Four hybrid polyoxometalate–porphyrin copolymer films were obtained by the electrooxidation of zinc octaethylporphyrin in the presence of four different Dawson‐type polyoxometalates bearing two pyridyl groups (POM(py)₂) with various spacers. The POM monomers were designed around 1,3,5‐trisubstituted benzene rings. Two of the substituents of the benzene ring are linked to the pyridyl groups, and the third is connected to the POM subunit. The four monomers vary in the relative positions of the nitrogen atoms of the pyridine rings or in the distance from the carbonyl group. The monomers were fully characterized by ¹H, ³¹P, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, electrospray mass spectrometry, IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, and electrochemistry. The copolymers were characterized by UV/Vis spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and AFM. Their photovoltaic performance under visible light irradiation was investigated by photocurrent transient measurements under visible illumination.     

Hydrazine‐Assisted Liquid Exfoliation of MoS2 for Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of 4‐Methylphenol

A simple but effective method to exfoliate bulk MoS₂ in a range of solvents is presented for the preparation of colloid flakes consisted of one to a few molecular layers by application of ultrasonic treatment in N₂H₄. Their high yield in solution and exposure of more active surface sites allows the synthesis of corresponding solid catalysts with remarkably high activity in hydrodeoxygenation of 4‐methylphenol and this method can also be applied to other two dimensional materials.     

Growth, dielectric, ferroelectric and optical properties of Ca0.28Ba0.72Nb2O6 single crystals

Calcium barium niobate Ca_0.28Ba_0.72Nb₂O₆ (CBN-28) crystals were grown by the Czochralski method. The effective segregation coefficients of Ca, Ba, Na elements in CBN-28 crystal growth were measured, and the rocking curve from 0 0 2 reflection of CBN-28 wafer was also measured by the high-resolution X-ray diffractometer D5005, and the full-width at half-maximum value was measured to be 70.6″. The measured dependence of dielectric constants on temperature showed the Curie temperature of the CBN-28 crystals is between 246.8 and 260 °C. Typical polarization–electric field (P–E) hysteresis loops were measured at room temperature. Ferroelectric 180° domains were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the etched (0 0 1) surface of the CBN-28 crystals. The transmittance of [0 0 1]-oriented CBN-28 crystals was measured and the result shows that optical properties of CBN-28 crystal are almost the same as those of SBN for wavelengths between 2500 and 7500 nm.     

Cu/ZnO/Al2O3催化剂上1,4-丁二醇脱氢合成γ-丁内酯

 研究了顺酐加氢催化剂Cu／ZnO／Al2O3在常压下对1,4－丁二醇脱氢合成γ－丁内酯的催化活性．结果表明,Cu／ZnO／Al2O3催化剂不但具有良好的顺酐加氢活性,而且在较温和的反应条件下对于1,4－丁二醇脱氢同样具有良好的催化活性,γ－丁内酯的收率可达95％以上．通过XRD和AES测试发现,Cu0为催化剂的脱氢活性中心,ZnO的存在有利于Cu0在载体表面的高度分散,并对脱氢活性有促进作用,在还原态的催化剂中ZnO被部分还原为ZnOx（x≤1）,并与Cu0形成Cu0／ZnOx,构成最佳活性单元．     

稀土Invar合金的热化学性质研究

Invar合金是一类在正常温度范围内具有膨胀性随温度变化很小甚至不变之特性的合金材料，对IllV。合金有多种模型解释，其中焰和热容是最重要的参数之一［‘，’］在稀土IllV。I合金中，只有L贝；。B的低温（T＜300K）热容作过报导问．作为系统研究稀土＊v。r合金工作、‘」的部分内容，本文报导含稀土InV。I合金REZFe14B和REFe12。V。的热化学性质研究结果，以便为选择最佳稀土Invar合金提供科学依据．1实验1·1合金制备所制备的合金为Y2F214B、SmFIDVZ、YFe10VZ、L22Fe14B、C42Fe14B、NdZFe14B、Sin。Fe。。B和NdFel…     

超高效聚合物凝胶色谱法快速研究酸催化木质素解聚产物

该文以温和酸催化条件下的木质素磺酸盐解聚产物为研究对象，建立系统分离和分析测试木质素磺酸盐解聚后获得的低分子酚类产物的方法。选用4根油溶性的ACQUITY APC XT小孔径刚性填料色谱柱串联，在高分辨紫外检测器条件下，采用超高效凝胶渗透色谱（APC）对解聚产物实现了高效分离，获得了高灵敏度的木质素基酚类产物的相对分子质量及其分布色谱信息。探讨了反应温度、时间和催化剂浓度等对酸催化木质素磺酸盐解聚行为的影响，结果表明，对于木酚比（木质素：苯酚）为25%（质量分数）的木质素磺酸盐解聚体系，在催化剂和木质素物质的量比为2.334、130℃酸催化反应60 min时，获得了解聚效率高达80%以上的木质素基酚类产物，解聚获得的产物相对峰高分子质量（M_p）组成均分布在720、490和260 Da 3个低聚物区间，均具有很窄的分子质量分布指数（接近1）。由此可以初步推断，木质素磺酸盐在该研究采用的温和酸催化条件下，催化反应机理不受反应时间、温度以及催化剂浓度的影响，具有特定的解聚途径。