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991.
Yang Guo Wei Zhang Xing Zhou Tong Bao 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2013,113(2):787-791
Boron was chosen as fuel owing to its excellent thermodynamic values for combustion. The difficulty of the boron in combustion is the formation of a surface oxide layer, which postpones the combustion process, reducing the performance of the rocket engine. In this paper, magnesium boride was sintered as high-energy fuel as a substitute for boron. The combustion heat and efficiency of magnesium boride and boron were determined using oxygen bomb calorimeter. The combustion characteristics of magnesium boride were investigated by thermal analysis, chemical analysis, XRD, and EDS. Results show that the combustion performance of magnesium boride are better than that of amorphous boron in oxygenated environments. The evaporation of magnesium in magnesium boride combustion process prevent the formation of a closed oxide layer, leading to higher combustion efficiency. 相似文献
992.
Lan Li Long-Yan Li Xiao-Dong Guo Ben-He Zhong Yan-Xiao Chen Yan Tang 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2013,17(1):115-119
In this paper, porous carbon was synthesized by an activation method, with phenolic resin as carbon source and nanometer calcium carbonate as activating agent. Sulfur–porous carbon composite material was prepared by thermally treating a mixture of sublimed sulfur and porous carbon. Morphology and electrochemical performance of the carbon and sulfur–carbon composite cathode were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS), and galvanostatic charge–discharge test. The composite containing 39 wt.% sulfur obtained an initial discharge capacity of about 1,130 mA?h g?1 under the current density of 80 mA?g?1 and presented a long electrochemical stability up to 100 cycles. 相似文献
993.
Comparative investigations of LiVPO4F/C and Li3V2(PO4)3/C synthesized in similar soft chemical route
Jiexi Wang Zhixing Wang Xinhai Li Huajun Guo Wei Xiao Silin Huang Zhenjiang He 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2013,17(1):1-8
Triclinic LiVPO4F and monoclinic Li3V2(PO4)3 are synthesized through a soft chemical process with mechanical activation assist, followed by annealing. In this process, ascorbic acid is used as reducing agent as well as carbon source. The as-prepared samples are coated with amorphous carbon. XPS analysis results show the expected valency states of ions in LiVPO4F and Li3V2(PO4)3. The electrochemical properties of the prepared LiVPO4F/C and Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathodes are evaluated. The as-prepared LiVPO4F/C cathode shows an initial discharge specific capacity of 140?±?3 mAh?g?1 at 30 mA?g?1 in the voltage range of 3.0~4.4 V, compared with that of 138?±?3 mAh?g?1 possessed by Li3V2(PO4)3/C. Both samples exhibit good cycle performance at different current densities. The capacity delivered by LiVPO4F remains 95.5 and 91.7 % of its initial discharge capacity after 50 cycles at 150 and 750 mA?g?1, respectively, while 97.4 and 90.6 % for Li3V2(PO4)3/C. But the rate capability of LiVPO4F/C is not so good compared with as-prepared Li3V2(PO4)3/C. 相似文献
994.
995.
Yan Li Dr. Kazuki Fukushima Dr. Daniel J. Coady Dr. Amanda C. Engler Dr. Shaoqiong Liu Yuan Huang Dr. John S. Cho Dr. Yi Guo Dr. Lloyd S. Miller Dr. Jeremy P. K. Tan Dr. Pui Lai Rachel Ee Dr. Weimin Fan Prof. Yi Yan Yang Dr. James L. Hedrick 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2013,52(2):674-678
996.
Dr. Shaojun Guo Sen Zhang Prof. Shouheng Sun 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2013,52(33):8526-8544
Advances in chemical syntheses have led to the formation of various kinds of nanoparticles (NPs) with more rational control of size, shape, composition, structure and catalysis. This review highlights recent efforts in the development of Pt and non‐Pt based NPs into advanced nanocatalysts for efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) under fuel‐cell reaction conditions. It first outlines the shape controlled synthesis of Pt NPs and their shape‐dependent ORR. Then it summarizes the studies of alloy and core–shell NPs with controlled electronic (alloying) and strain (geometric) effects for tuning ORR catalysis. It further provides a brief overview of ORR catalytic enhancement with Pt‐based NPs supported on graphene and coated with an ionic liquid. The review finally introduces some non‐Pt NPs as a new generation of catalysts for ORR. The reported new syntheses with NP parameter‐tuning capability should pave the way for future development of highly efficient catalysts for applications in fuel cells, metal‐air batteries, and even in other important chemical reactions. 相似文献
997.
Dr. Kazuhiko Amakawa Dr. Lili Sun Dr. Chunsheng Guo Dr. Michael Hävecker Pierre Kube Prof. Dr. Israel E. Wachs Soe Lwin Prof. Dr. Anatoly I. Frenkel Dr. Anitha Patlolla Prof. Dr. Klaus Hermann Prof. Dr. Robert Schlögl Dr. Annette Trunschke 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2013,52(51):13553-13557
Highly dispersed molybdenum oxide supported on mesoporous silica SBA‐15 has been prepared by anion exchange resulting in a series of catalysts with changing Mo densities (0.2–2.5 Mo atoms nm?2). X‐ray absorption, UV/Vis, Raman, and IR spectroscopy indicate that doubly anchored tetrahedral dioxo MoO4 units are the major surface species at all loadings. Higher reducibility at loadings close to the monolayer measured by temperature‐programmed reduction and a steep increase in the catalytic activity observed in metathesis of propene and oxidative dehydrogenation of propane at 8 % of Mo loading are attributed to frustration of Mo oxide surface species and lateral interactions. Based on DFT calculations, NEXAFS spectra at the O‐K‐edge at high Mo loadings are explained by distorted MoO4 complexes. Limited availability of anchor silanol groups at high loadings forces the MoO4 groups to form more strained configurations. The occurrence of strain is linked to the increase in reactivity. 相似文献
998.
A novel copper selective sensor 2 based on hydrazide and salicylaldehyde has been designed and prepared. Sensor 2 behaves a single selectivity and sensitivity in the recognition for Cu2+ over other metal ions such as Fe3+, Hg2+, Ag+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cr3+ and Mg2+ in DMSO. The distinct color change and the rapid changement of fluorescence emission provide naked‐eyes detection for Cu2+. The UV‐vis data indicate that 1:2 stoichiometry complex is formed by sensor 2 and Cu2+. The association constant Ks was 3.51×104 mol?1·L. The detection limitation of Cu2+ with the sensor 2 was 2.2×10?7 mol·L?1. The sensing of Cu2+ by this sensor was found to be reversible, with the Cu2+‐induced color being lost upon addition of EDTA. 相似文献
999.
Four new star‐shaped π‐conjugated oligomers ( TPA‐CZ3 , TPA‐TPA3 , TPA‐PTZ3 and TPA‐BT3 ) with triphenylamine as a core and different electron‐donating ability groups, carbazole, triphenylamine, phenothiazine and bithiophene, as peripheral units have been designed and synthesized via the Heck reaction. These oligomers show good solubility in common organic solvents. Their photophysical, electrochemical, electronic structure and charge transfer properties between these star‐shaped π‐conjugated oligomers and N,N′‐bis(1‐ethylpropyl)‐3,4:9,10‐perylene bis(tetracarboxyl diimide) (EP‐PDI) have been investigated by UV‐vis absorption spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement, theoretical calculations and fluorescence quenching. The results show that the absorptions and fluorescences of TPA‐CZ3 , TPA‐TPA3 and TPA‐PTZ3 are red shifted with the electron‐donating ability of the peripheral unit increasing from carbazole to triphenylamine and phenothiazine. In addition, although the bithiophene group has a weaker electron‐donating ability than carbazole, triphenylamine and phenothiazine, the absorption and fluorescence of TPA‐BT3 have a red shift than those of TPA‐CZ3 , TPA‐TPA3 and TPA‐PTZ3 because TPA‐BT3 has a longer conjugation length than TPA‐CZ3 , TPA‐TPA3 and TPA‐PTZ3 . The triphenylamine core and the peripheral units can constitute a large conjugated structure. The fluorescence quenching properties indicate that efficient charge transfer can happen between the star‐shaped oligomers and EP‐PDI. 相似文献
1000.
The energies, geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies of 1:1 5‐hydroxytryptamine‐water (5‐HT‐H2O) complexes are studied at the MP2/6‐311++G(d,p) level. Natural bond orbital (NBO), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analyses and the localized molecular orbital energy decomposition analysis (LMO‐EDA) were performed to explore the nature of the hydrogen‐bonding interactions in these complexes. Various types of hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds) are formed in these 5‐HT‐H2O complexes. The intermolecular C4H55‐HT···Ow H‐bond in HTW3 is strengthened due to the cooperativity, whereas no such cooperativity is found in the other 5‐HT‐H2O complexes. H‐bond in which nitrogen atom of amino in 5‐HT acted as proton donors was stronger than other H‐bonds. Our researches show that the hydrogen bonding interaction plays a vital role on the relative stabilities of 5‐HT‐H2O complexes. 相似文献