氮化镓外延单晶中束缚激子辐射复合的偏振特性

研究发现,氮化镓外延单晶中束缚于中性施主中心和受主中心上的束缚激子BED°和BEA°的复合发光,具有偏振特性。这种偏振特性,会随激发光的强度发生变化。当激发光的强度在104W/cm2和106W/cm2间变化时,偏振度首先以二次方的规律随激发光强的增强而增加,而后超于饱和。本文首先用单轴晶体中介电函数的各向异性解释了荧光固有偏振度的起因,继而采用束缚激子间相互作用的电偶极子模型解释了荧光偏振度随激发光光强的变化规律。     

Electroweak tests with τ leptons at LEP

We report on two sensitive tests of lepton universality carried out by the 4 LEP experiments at the Z⁰ pole. From measurements of the τ polarization in e⁺ e^?→τ ⁺ τ ^?, the ratios of the vector and axial vector coupling constants of the electron and the tau lepton to the weak neutral current are obtained to beg _{v e} /g _{a e} =0.066±0.015 andg _{V τ} /g _{A τ} =0.070±0.009 respectively. From measurement of the τ lifetime and the τ leptonic branching ratios, the ratio of the coupling constants describing weak leptonic decays of the τ and the μ is measured to beG _τ /G _μ =0.996±0.008.     

Standard<Emphasis Type="Italic">SU</Emphasis>(5) supergravity grand unification model and predictions

A review is given of the StandardSU(5) supergravity model. This model has passed an important check regarding unification of the electro-weak and the strong couplings using high precision LEP data. It is shown that for a significant domain of the parameter space the model also satisfies constraints on the SUSY spectrum from CDF and LEP, as well as proton stability and cosmological relic density constraints.     

汉语句法的分段循环分析策略

定义了汉语的分段语法，并根据自然语言的分段循环结构，提出了汉语的分段循环分析策略．它的基本思想是确定语言的一组基本范畴，其相应的句法规则段及其之间的优先关系，对于每一个句法规则段，分别依次采用改进的Ｋｉｌｂｕｒｙ算法、它的优点在于分析过程中的项目集比较小，而且避免了无用分析树的产生，从而大大提高了分析效率．     

光场显微镜实现裸眼三维实时显示

提出了一种将光场显微镜与裸眼三维显示技术相结合的方法,实现了利用光场显微镜对微观样品进行三维裸眼实时观察的技术。该技术将光场显微镜得到的子图像阵列直接投影在微透镜阵列的焦平面上,在空间一定区域内双眼可分别观看到两幅不同视角图像,使观察者产生立体视觉。该系统具有结构简单,无需相干光源,无需佩戴特殊眼镜,可多人同时观看等优点,应用前景广泛。     

CoNiZ系列合金的结构和马氏体相变性质

利用X射线衍射研究了CoNiZ(Z=Si,Sb,Sn,Ga等)合金在不同热处理条件下的相组成.当Z元素为Sn,Sb时,材料是完全的B2结构;但Z为Si时,材料变成面心立方的γ相.形成B2还是γ相由电子浓度和原子尺寸效应两种因素共同决定.而CoNiGa的研究结果表明,在合金中除了形成B2结构的同时还容易形成γ相,常表现出两相共存的特性.对材料进行不同方式的热处理可以使合金中两相的含量有所消长,γ相含量的多少对CoNiGa合金的马氏体相变有很大的影响.分析指出,两相共存及其所带来的物性变化是CoNiGa铁磁性形状记忆合金非常有利用价值的物理性质.     

Physics with large extra dimensions

The recent understanding of string theory opens the possibility that the string scale can be as low as a few TeV. The apparent weakness of gravitational interactions can then be accounted by the existence of large internal dimensions, in the sub-millimeter region. Furthermore, our world must be confined to live on a brane transverse to these large dimensions, with which it interacts only gravitationally. In my lecture, I describe briefly this scenario which gives a new theoretical framework for solving the gauge hierarchy problem and the unification of all interactions. I also discuss a minimal embedding of the standard model, gauge coupling unification and proton stability. On leave from: Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, Cedex, France.