A conducting crystal based on a single-component paramagnetic molecule, [Cu(dmdt)(2)] (dmdt = dimethyltetrathiafulvalenedithiolate)

A single-component conducting molecular crystal composed of paramagnetic copper complexes, [Cu(dmdt)2]0+, was prepared. The crystal has an unprecedented three-dimensionally packed molecular arrangement and exhibits a fairly high conductivity (1 S cm-1 at room temperature). The magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed that [Cu(dmdt)2]0+ molecule keeps most of S = 1/2 spin moments. The difference of the bond lengths between [Cu(dmdt)2]0+ and [Cu(dmdt)2]2- is consistent with the result of the molecular orbital calculation.     

Proposal of sampling process for collecting human sweat and determination of caffeine concentration in it by using GC/MS

Caffeine concentration in human sweat was estimated by measuring separately the amounts of water and caffeine. After washing a finger with tap water for 15 s and waiting 2 min for drying, 70 microL aqueous ethanol solution in a small vial (0.6 mL) was used to sample for several minutes. Then 3 microL of the aliquot was used for GC/MS analysis of caffeine. As a first-order relationship between the sweat amount secreted on the left and right hands was obtained (correlation factor 0.848), the amount of sweat secretion during sampling on one hand was estimated by the value obtained on the other hand. This new indirect evaluation was used for the estimation of the amount of sweat secreted during sampling. Typical variations of caffeine concentration in sweat were demonstrated. Thirty minutes after the intake of caffeine, it was secreted in sweat, and the secretion had continued for more than 4 h.     

Methylmethacrylate complexes of sterically hindered aluminum aryloxides: activation of methacrylic esters

The interaction of AlR₂(BHT)(OEt₂) and AlMe(BHT)₂ with methylmethacrylate (MMA) leads to the formation of the Lewis acid-base complexes AlR₂(BHT)(MMA) [R = Me (1), Et (2)] and AlMe-(BHT)₂(MMA) (3), respectively. The molecular structure of 1 has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The decrease in the C=O and C=C stretching frequencies in the IR spectrum, and downfield shift in the ¹³C NMR spectrum of the - and γ-carbons of the MMA, when compared to free MMA, is presented with respect to the activator ability of sterically crowded aryloxide compounds of aluminum to aluminum-porphyrin catalyzed (Inoue) polymerization of MMA.     

Lewis acid-mediated selective chlorinations of silyl enolate

A new method involving efficient, widely applicable, and highly selective alpha-chlorination of simple silyl enolate with Lewis acid and an alpha,alpha-dichloro-1,3-dicarbonyl controller unit was reported. Diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity of the reaction were investigated. High reactivity and selectivity were achieved by using alpha,alpha-dichlorinated malonic ester.     

Improved preparation of racemic 2-amino-3-(heteroaryl)propanoic acids and related compounds containing a furan or thiophene nucleus

Racemic 2-amino-3-(heteroaryl)propanoic acids (1), mostly with a furan or thiophene nucleus as a heteroaryl group, were synthesized in 48-94% yield by the reduction of 3-(heteroaryl)-2-(hydroxyimino)propanoic acids (5) with zinc dust and formic acid in the presence of a catalytic amount of iron dust at 60 degrees C for 2 h. Under these conditions, unfavorable hydrogenolysis of bromine on the thiophene nucleus does not occur. Traditional N-formylation of the prepared 3-(heteroaryl)alanine (1) with a mixture of formic acid and acetic anhydride afforded 2-(formylamino)-3-(heteroaryl)propanoic acids (6) in 51-95% yield.     

Medicinal flowers. VI. Absolute stereostructures of two new flavanone glycosides and a phenylbutanoid glycoside from the flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum L.: their inhibitory activities for rat lens aldose reductase

Two new flavanone glycosides, (2S)- and (2R)-eriodictyol 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acids, and a new phenylbutanoid glycoside, (2S, 3S)-1-phenyl-2,3-butanediol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, were isolated from the flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum L. cultivated in China together with eight flavonoids. The absolute stereostructures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Both of the new flavanone glycosides were found to show inhibitory activity for rat lens aldose reductase.