Population transfer through an autoionizing state by pulse delay

We obtain the conditions for complete population transfer through an autoionizing state in terms of asymmetry parametersq, which characterize the coupling strength between a discrete state and a continuum. In some limits, thus obtained conditions correspond to those for population transfer through a smooth continuum as well as a bound state.     

Degenerate kernel method for multi-variable Hammerstein equations

In this paper we extend the degenerate kernel method for single-variable Hammerstein equations of a previous paper to include multi-variable Hammerstein equations.     

Independent Component Analysis of Spectral Absorbance Image in Human Skin

The image of spectral absorbance in human skin is analyzed by independent component analysis. The spectral absorbance image is estimated from an image with red, green, and blue channels. The qualitative information and spatial distribution of the pigments can be extracted by the independent component analysis. It is shown that the extracted absorption characteristics of the pigments are corresponding to those of hemoglobin and melanin.     

Electronic structures of some cata-condensed nonalternant hydrocarbons: pentalenopentalenes,azulenoazulenes, and pentalenoazulenes

On the basis of the second-order Jahn-Teller theory and the semiempirical SCF MO method, we have examined the energetically most favorable ground-state geometrical structures with respect to C-C bond lengths of some cata-condensed nonalternant hydrocarbons consisting of five- and seven-membered rings. It is predicted that both the geometrical valence isomers of pentalenopentalenes, 1 and 2, should suffer molecular-symmetry reduction, exhibiting a marked double-bond fixation in the peripheral carbon skeleton, while in azulenoazulenes, 3 and 4, no molecular-symmetry reduction occurs. Tne electronic spectra have been calculated using the energetically favorable geometrical structures obtained by the SCF MO calculations. The theoretical values for azuleno[1, 2-b]azulene (3) are in good agreement with experimental data.     

Crystallization of inorganic compounds in polymer solutions. Part I: Control of shape and form of calcium carbonate

Calcium carbonate was precipitated by mixing aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate and calcium nitrate in the presence of water-soluble polymers. When the former was poured into the latter, in which a certain amount of sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) was dissolved, monodisperse spherical crystals were created. The crystal form was vaterite, although, in the absence of the polymer, calcite crystals were obtained in rhombic shape. The factors deciding the shape and form of the crystal were investigated and the role of polymer in the formation of unique crystals was discussed.     

Phase relationships and thermodynamic interactions in isotactic polypropylene–diluent systems

Phase relationships of isotactic polypropylene in various organic diluents were investigated. The diluents used were aliphatic alcohols, alkyl phenols, aryl phenols, diphenyl derivatives, alkyl aryl ethers, esters, and others. Among the diluents examined, n-butyl alcohol, p-tert-butyl phenol, p-tert-amyl phenol, diphenyl, diphenyl ether, benzyl phenyl ether, dibenzyl ether, and benzyl propionate were found to be theta solvents for isotactic polypropylene at temperatures in the range 120–190°C. For these theta solvents, the thermodynamic interaction parameters were determined. The results are discussed in relation to the type of diluent.