关于二相流、多相流、多流体模型和非牛顿流等概念的探讨

本文分析了单相流、二相流和多相流等概念上的差异,也分析了单流体模型、双流体模型和多流体模型等概念上的差异,指出前面三种概念是按流动介质的客观物理构成划分的,而后者是按主观采用的研究方法划分的．目前这些概念在使用中存在一些混乱,如二相流与多相流,多相流与多流体模型等．本文还研究了扩散模型、非牛顿流模型和颗粒流模型等,指出前两种模型在分类上属于单流体模型,分析了非牛顿流模型、扩散模型和双（多）流体模型的特点和应用范围,最后,以泥石流为例讨论了以上概念的应用．      

利用塞曼分裂中σ土成分-原子吸收光谱法测定钛精矿中高含量镁

提出了以氢氟酸和硫酸混合酸分解钛精矿,研究了利用塞曼分裂σ±成分原子吸收光谱法测定钛精矿中高含量镁的可性行和基本条件,拟定了在盐酸介质中,以氯化锶作释放剂,原子吸收光谱法测定高含量镁的分析方法.操作简便,用于钛精矿样品分析,获得满意结果.     

Structure determination of glycopeptide of β-momorcharin

The structure of the N-linked oligosaccharide chain of β-momorcharin, a ribosome-inactivating protein from the seeds of Momordica charantia Linn (Cucurbitaceae), was determined. A glycopeptide liberated by pronase digestion of the glycoprotein was subjected to amino acid and neutral carbohydrate analysis to establish the composition of amino acid and sugar residues. The sequences and glycosylation hnkages of the sugar and amino acid residues in the glycopeptide were determined as Manαl-6(XyIβ1-2)-Manβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-4(Fucαl-3)-GlcNAc-Asn-Leu by 2D-NMR spectroscopy and FAB-MS data.     

Highly selective hydrohalogenation reaction of substituted 2,3-allenoates

The hydrohalogenation reaction of 1-alkyl substituted 1,2-allenyl carboxylic acid esters (1) with MX (M= Na, or Li, X= Cl, Br, I) afforded a mixture of (5,7-unsaturated 3-halo-3-alkenoates (2) and α,β-unsaturated 3-halo-2-alkenoates (3) in HOAc, while using a mkture of HOAc-CF3CO2H (1:1) or CF3CO2H as the reaction medium the corresponding reaction cleanly produced β,γ-unsaturated 3-halo-3-alkenoates (2) as the sole products in high yields. The subsequent coupling reactions were studied.     

Studies of copper (Ⅱ) complexes as catalysts for the hydrolysis of DNA

Hydrolysis of DNA is an important enzymatic reaction , but it is exceedingly difficult to mimic in the laboratory because of the stability of hydrolysis of DNA. In this paper, the cleavage activity of complexes formed between Cu(Ⅱ) and four different amino acid or amino acid methyl ester on DNA is studied by gel elec-trophoresis. It is found that DNA could be cleaved by Cu(Ⅱ)-L-His and Cu(Ⅱ)-L-His methyl ester complexes and the efficiency of cleavage is largely dependent on the metal ion-to-ligand ratio. Further experiments show that the cleavage of DNA mediated by Cu(Ⅱ)-L-His complexes occurs via a hydrolytic mechanism and the active chemical species that affects DNA cleavage is proposed to be MI2H and ML2H22 .     

Synthesis, structure and characterization of the trinuclear copper (Ⅰ) complex [Cu_3(μ_3Br)_2(dppm)_3]Br

The novel trinuelear copper(I) complex [Cu3(μ3-Br)2(dppm)3]Br has been obtained by reaction of bis(diphenyl-phosphino)methane (dppm) with cupric bromide. The title complex was characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis, elemental analysis, molecular weight determination, 31P NMR and its conductivity was also measured. The [Cu3(dppm)3Br2] cation consists of a triangular array of copper atoms, with dppm ligands (Ph2PCH2PPh2) bridging each edge of the triangle and two triply bridging Br groups bound to the two faces of the Cu3 unit. Crystallographic data: monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 1.4739(4) , b = 1.7708(5), c = 2.8395(8) nm, β= 97.16(3)°, V = 7.353nm3, Z = 4,F(000)= 3296, Dcalc = 1.472 g/cm3, μ= 26.478 cm-1, R = 0.06, Rw = 0.08, 4654 reflections observed with I > 3σ(I).     

利用微重力条件研究分散体系

讨论了重力对分散体系特性的可能影响以及如何利用微重力条件开展在重力环境中难以深入研究的问题,并探讨了对理论研究和实际应用有价值的可能课题．      

高温Raman光谱测试技术进展

高温Ｒａｍａｎ谱是现代揭示物质分子结构的主要手段之一。上海市钢铁冶金新技术开发应用到为能在高温下对冶金熔体等物质进行Ｒａｍａｎ光谱的测定。研究分析了国际上的各种测定高温Ｒａｍａｎ光谱的方法,实施了对ＪＹ Ｕ１０００型Ｒａｍａｎ光谱仪的改造,以及提出阱一步提高谱仪高温测定性能的方案。     

用于液晶电光特性计算的无奇异点2×2矩阵研究

Berreman的矩阵法是研究和计算液晶光学特性的通用方法.为了减少计算量,近年来许多学者致力于简化其方法以提高计算速度,本文根据各向异性介质中光传播的电磁场理论以及光学折反射定律,在保证其准确性的同时,推出了新的矩阵方法.这种2×2矩阵公式表示相当简单.理论研究结果表明,该方法减少了以往的计算量,快速简洁,结果准确.     

硅雪崩光电二极管单光子探测器

将硅雪崩光电二极管应用于盖革模式下,制作出高量子效率、低噪音、短死时间的单光子探测器.设计并制作了雪崩抑制电路,获得探测器特性参量为无源抑制方式下死时间1μs,有源抑制下60～80ns,输出脉冲宽度15～20ns.并详细检测了探测器直到液氮温度下的特性.观察到一些新现象.