肾上腺素氧化反应的研究——氧化反应动力学和机理以及自由基中间体

用紫外吸收光谱法结合计算机模拟研究了肾上腺素(Adjn)在Cu(Ⅱ)离子催化下,用H_2O_2氧化产生肾上腺素红(Adom)的反应动力学,考查了反应的速率随体系中肾上腺素的初始浓度,Cu(Ⅱ)离子浓度和H_2O_2浓度的变化情况。在流动法或添加自由基稳定剂的条件下,利用顺磁共振法检测丁肾上腺素自氧化,光氧化和Cu(Ⅱ)离子催化H_2O_2氧化产生的半醌自由基。考查了Cu(Ⅱ)离子催化下自由基的相对浓度随反应条件的变化情况。在反应动力学和顺磁共振实验的基础上所提出的可能的反应机理,半定量地解释此反应动力学实验结果和顺磁共振实验中的自由基行为。     

The cytogenetics of human tumors

Chromosome changes can be observed in many tumors, suggesting that a connection exists between chromosome aberrations and tumor formation. A general introduction to the techniques and objectives of research in cytogenetics is followed by a discussion of the modern theories of the etiology of tumors, using human meningioma as an example. Meningiomas are relatively benign, slowly growing tumors of the meninges.     

On functions whose local minima are global

In this paper, necessary and sufficient conditions for a local minimum to be global are derived. The main result is that a real function, defined on a subset ofR ⁿ, has the property that every local minimum is global if, and only if, its level sets are lower-semicontinuous point-to-set mappings.     

Catching proteases in action with microarrays

Proteases regulate many essential functions in biology, yet their precise roles are only beginning to be unraveled. In this issue, two related papers describe a novel method to dissect specific protease activities from complex mixtures.     

Synthesis of ethyl alkylidene alpha cyanoacetates under ultrasound irradiation

Condensation of ketones with ethyl cyanoacetate catalysed by ammonium acetate-acetic acid results in ethyl alkylidene alpha cyanoacetate in 31-89% yield under ultrasound irradiation.     

KDP晶体各向异性力学特性分析

利用压痕实验研究了KDP晶体在(001)晶面不同晶向上的硬度和断裂韧性力学特性,在此基础上利用划痕实验对(001)晶面不同晶向上的脆塑性转变点位置进行了研究.结果表明:在KDP晶体(001)晶面的[110]晶向上硬度值最小,断裂韧性值最大,最易产生塑性变形,最不易产生脆性断裂,在该方向上可以得到较大的临界切削深度,而在[100]晶向上硬度最大,最易产生脆性断裂,不易产生塑性变形,临界切削深度最小.此研究结果为磨削实验提供指导意义,即在(001)晶面上沿[110]晶向能加工出表面质量较好的KDP晶体.     

飞机着陆下沉速度最大值的确定方法

飞机着陆下沉速度是起落架设计和飞机设计定型试飞的起落架强度检查中的最主要的参数之一.本文按军用飞机强度和刚度规范中规定的要求,通过对皮尔逊Ⅲ型概率密度分布函数的推导,完成了在不同偏态系数Cs下的离均系数Φp和超越概率P的对应数值编程计算,并得到了相应的计算结果.据此可以确定各类飞机在各种着陆类型下的着陆下沉速度的最大值.这对飞机的设计研究提供指导.     

Asymptotic Upper Bounds for Ramsey Functions

 We show that for any graph G with N vertices and average degree d, if the average degree of any neighborhood induced subgraph is at most a, then the independence number of G is at least Nf _{a +1}(d), where f _{a +1}(d)=∫₀ ¹(((1−t)^{1/( a +1)})/(a+1+(d−a−1)t))dt. Based on this result, we prove that for any fixed k and l, there holds r(K _k + _l ,K _n )≤ (l+o(1))n ^k /(logn) ^{k −1}. In particular, r(K _k , K _n )≤(1+o(1))n ^{k −1}/(log n) ^{k −2}. Received: May 11, 1998 Final version received: March 24, 1999     

反相浓乳液方法制备聚苯乙烯/二乙烯基苯结构型泡孔聚合物

通过反相浓乳液聚合方法制备了系列聚苯乙烯/二乙烯基苯(PS/DVB)泡孔聚合物.水作为分散相,其分散相体积分数可达90%;苯乙烯单体作为连续相,聚合后构成PS/DVB泡孔聚合物的结构骨架.用扫描电镜系统研究了乳化剂的浓度、分散相体积分数、添加不同沸点的溶剂等对泡孔聚合物断面形态的影响,并考察了泡孔聚合物对水和柴油的吸附情况.结果表明,不同工艺条件下可以制备出不同孔径的泡孔聚合物,加入不同沸点溶剂使得泡孔壁也形成了多孔结构.     

丙酮分子团簇结构的量子化学从头计算研究

采用HF/ 3 2 1G 方法对丙酮分子团簇体系 (CH3 COCH3 ) n(n =2— 5 )进行了全优化 .用密度泛函B3LYP/ 6 31+G 方法计算了各个体系的总能量 .通过计算不同体系的振动频率 ,确定得到的结构是否对应于体系的稳定构型 .对计算结果进行了分析和讨论 ,结果表明 ,环形结构较线形结构更为稳定 . The acetone clusters are studied by ab initio calculations. HF/3-21G * method is used to optimize the configurations for all kinds of systems. B3LYP/6-31+G ** method is adopted to calculate the total energy of the systems. We also calculate the vibration frequencies in order to investigate whether the system correspondes to stable geometries. All results show that ring structure is more stable than linear structure for the acetone clusters of (CH 3COCH 3) n(n=2, 3, 4, 5).