Spectrophotometric and AAS determination of trace amounts of cobalt after preconcentration by using alpha-benzilmonoxime-microcrystalline naphthalene.

The formed cobalt-a-benzilmonoxime complex was adsorbed onto microcrystalline naphthalene. Then it was determined by zero and first derivative spectrophotometry and by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) after dissolving into chloroform and methylisobutylketone (MIBK), respectively. Under optimum conditions, cobalt in the range of 1.0 - 20.0, 0.4 - 30.0 and 2.5 - 50.0 microg could be determined by spectrophotometry, first derivative spectrophotometry and AAS method, respectively. By the method, a preconcentration factor equal to approximately 30 for cobalt was obtained. The effect of diverse ions on the determination of 5.0 microg cobalt was also studied. The method was successfully applied to some pharmaceuticals and synthetic alloy samples.     

Simultaneous kinetic-spectrophotometric determination of hydrazine and acetylhydrazine in micellar media using the H-point standard addition method.

The H-point standard addition method (HPSAM), based on a spectrophotometric measurement for the simultaneous determination of hydrazine and acetylhydrazine, is described. This method is based on the difference between the rates of their reactions with N,N-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (DAB) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in acidic media. The results showed that hydrazine and acetylhydrazine could be determined simultaneously in the range of 0.020 - 0.70 and 0.20 - 5.0 mg L(-1), respectively. Under the working conditions, the proposed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of hydrazine and acetylhydrazine in several synthetic mixtures and plasma and water samples.     

Fractions continues de matrices,convergence et applications

The aim of this article is to give some property of continued fraction with matrices arguments, about their convergence and others applications. At the end of this work, we present a resolution of the Algebraic Riccati Equation by giving an explicit continued fraction development of its solution. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Impact of Partial Separability on Large-Scale Optimization

ELSO is an environment for the solution oflarge-scale optimization problems. With ELSO the user is required to provide only code for the evaluation of a partially separable function. ELSO exploits the partialseparability structure of the function to computethe gradient efficiently using automatic differentiation.We demonstrate ELSO's efficiency by comparing thevarious options available in ELSO.Our conclusion is that the hybrid option in ELSOprovides performance comparable to the hand-coded option, while having the significantadvantage of not requiring a hand-coded gradient orthe sparsity pattern of the partially separable function.In our test problems, which have carefully coded gradients,the computing time for the hybrid AD option is within a factor of two of thehand-coded option.     

Investigation on Ochratoxin A stability using different extraction techniques

The stability of Ochratoxin A during its extraction using different extraction techniques has been evaluated. Microwave-assisted extraction and pressurised liquid extraction, in addition to two other reference methods of extraction, i.e. ultrasound-assisted and magnetic stirring-assisted extraction, were evaluated. The effect of extraction temperature using the cited techniques was checked.The results show that Ochratoxin A can be extracted using microwave-assisted extraction at temperatures up to 150 °C without degradation. Pressurised liquid extraction can be used at temperatures up to 100 °C, for extraction times of less than 30 min. Further, both ultrasound-assisted extraction and magnetic stirring extraction can be applied at temperatures up to 65 °C.High-performance liquid chromatography combined with fluorescence detection using a Chromolith RP-18e column at a flow rate of 5 mL min⁻¹ was used to quantify the Ochratoxin A. The retention time for the Ochratoxin A was 1.3 min. The limits of detection (LOD) and of quantification (LOQ) were 0.03 and 0.10 μg L⁻¹, respectively.     

Vibsanin O, a novel diterpenoid from Viburnum awabuki

Vibsanin O, isolated from the leaves and twigs of Viburnum awabuki, is an unprecedented bicyclic diterpenoid. The structures of vibsanin O was established by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data.     

Embedded diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta–Nystrom 4(3) pair for solving special second-order IVPs

In this paper, third-order 3-stage diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta–Nystrom method embedded in fourth-order 4-stage for solving special second-order initial value problems is constructed. The method has the property of minimized local truncation error as well as the last row of the coefficient matrix is equal to the vector output. The stability of the method is investigated and a standard set of test problems are tested upon and comparisons on the numerical results are made when the same set of test problems are reduced to first-order system and solved using existing Runge–Kutta method. The results clearly shown the advantage and the efficiency of the new method.     

Micellar effect in hydroformylation of high olefin catalysed by water-soluble rhodium complexes associated with sulfonated diphosphines

High linear alkenes (1-octene and 1-decene) have been hydroformylated using water-soluble rhodium complexes associated with sulfonated diphosphines in the presence of ionic surfactants or methanol. In all cases, the hydroformylation activities were higher than in experiments without additives. The selectivity in aldehydes was higher when we used cetyltrimethylammonium hydrogensulfate (CTAHSO₄) as the surfactant or methanol as the co-solvent.