高效液相色谱法测定伸筋丹中士的宁含量

采用高效液相色谱法（ＨＰＬＣ）测定了中成药伸筋丹中士的宁含量。色谱条件：氰基柱并加同种类预柱；流动相：甲醇－水－乙酸－三乙胺（９８００：１５５：３０：１５）；ｐＨ６．７；流速：１．０ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ；紫外检测，波长２５４ｎｍ；在４～２０ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度范围内，士的宁的峰面积Ａ与浓度Ｃ间的回归方程为：Ａ＝－７．０１×１０~３＋９．０８×１０~５Ｃ（ｒ＝０．９９９９）；外标法定量，方法精密度ＲＳＤ＝１．９１％（ｎ＝６）。     

Preparation of L-Cys–Au colloid self-assembled nanoarray electrode based on the microporous aluminium anodic oxide film and its application to the measurement of dopamine

A novel method for fabricating a nanoarray electrode combining the template technique with the self-assembled approach was developed. The glassy carbon electrode was modified with the Au nanoarray using micropores of aluminum anodic film as template. Then, the Au nanoarray electrode was self-assembled with L-cysteine (L-Cys) and gold colloid, respectively. In order to evaluate the electrochemical characteristics of L-Cys–Au colloid self-assembled nanoarray electrode, was chosen as molecule probe and cyclic voltammetry was used. In addition, the functional nanoarray electrode was applied to measuring dopamine (DA). The resulting L-Cys–Au colloid self-assembled nanoarray electrode demonstrated that the linear calibration range extended over three orders of magnitude of DA concentrations (1.0 × 10⁻⁹–1.0 × 10⁻⁶ mol/L) and the detection limit was 5.0 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol/L.     

与偏振无关的马赫—泽德波导调制器

本文报导我们设计制作的钛扩散铌酸锂马赫—泽德波导调制器。它采用Z传铌酸锂基片,只需一组电极就能实现对任意偏振态的有效调制。在0.6328μm波长下测试,半波电压为9V、消光比为90%。     

细节的政治：分裂分析

细节是现实主义文论中的一个关键问题。关于细节的溢出和描写的过度,现代文论界有各种各样的批评与辩护。雅克·朗西埃在与卢卡奇、布勒东、罗兰·巴特等理论家的对话中重新阐释了现实主义文学过度描写的审美政治意义。朗西埃认为溢出的细节不参与情节,也不参与文本的整体,而是以独立于整体之外的歧义姿态对抗整体。细节的溢出中断了整体中既有关系的正常运作,织就了逃逸的路线,这是感性的重新分配,是细节的政治。通过这种后结构主义分裂分析的方法,朗西埃将溢出的细节从无法纳入功能分析的“顽强渣滓”升华为“微物之光”。朗西埃富有成效的追踪和探索重新发现了过度描写的价值,打开了现实主义文学政治性阐释的空间,开启了迄今仍然隐藏着的许多可能性。     

The Unusual Photochromic and Hydrochromic Switching Behavior of Cellulose-Embedded 1,8-Naphthalimide-Viologen Derivatives in the Solid-State

Stimuli-responsive chromic materials such as photochromics, hydrochromics, thermochromics, and electrochromics have a long history of capturing the attention of scientists due to their potential industrial applications and novelty in popular culture. However, hybrid chromic materials that combine two or more stimuli-triggered color changing properties are not so well known. Herein, we report a design strategy that has led to a series of emissive 1,8-naphthalimide-viologen dyads which exhibit unusual dual photochromic and hydrochromic switching behavior in the solid-state when embedded in a cellulose matrix. This behavior manifests as reversible solid state fluorescence hydrochromism upon changes in atmospheric relative humidity (RH), and reversible solid state photochromism upon generation of a cellulose-stabilized viologen radical cation. In this design strategy, the bipyridinium unit serves as both a water-sensitive receptor for the hydrochromic fluorophore-receptor system, and a photochromic group, capable of eliciting its own visible colorimetric response, generating a fluorescence quenching radical cation with prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. These dyes can be inkjet-printed onto cellulose paper or drop-cast as cellulose powder-based films and can be unidirectionally cycled between three different states which can be characteristically visualized under UV light or visible light. The material's photochromism, hydrochromism, and underlying mechanism of action was investigated using computational analysis, dynamic vapor sorption/desorption isotherms, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and variable humidity UV-Vis adsorption and fluorescence spectroscopies.     

Steric‐Structure‐Dependent Gel Formation,Hierarchical Structures,Rheological Behavior,and Surface Wettability

A series of bicholesteryl‐based gelators with different central linker atoms C, N, and O (abbreviated to GC , GN , and GO , respectively) have been designed and synthesized. The self‐assembly processes of these gelators were investigated by using gelation tests, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, field‐emission transmission electron microscopy, UV/Vis absorption, IR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, rheology, and contact‐angle experiments. The gelation ability, self‐assembly morphology, rheological, and surface‐wettability properties of these gelators strongly depend on the central linker atom of the gelator molecule. Specifically, GC and GN can form gels in three different solvents, whereas GO can only form a gel in N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF). Morphologies from nanofibers and nanosheets to nanospheres and nanotubes can be obtained with different central atoms. Gels of GC , GN , and GO formed in the same solvent (DMF) have different tolerances to external forces. All xerogels gave a hydrophobic surface with contact angles that ranged from 121 to 152°. Quantum‐chemical calculations indicate that the GC , GN , and GO molecules have very different steric structures. The results demonstrate that the central linker atom can efficiently modulate the molecular steric structure and thus regulate the supramolecular self‐assembly process and properties of gelators.     

Room‐temperature RAFT copolymerization of 2‐chloroallyl azide with methyl acrylate and versatile applications of the azide copolymers

A new vinyl azide monomer, 2‐chlorallyl azide (CAA), has been synthesized from commercially available reagent in one step. The reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization of CAA with methyl acrylate (MA) was carried out at room temperature using a redox initiator, benzoyl peroxide (BPO)/N,N‐dimethylaniline (DMA), in the presence of benzyl 1H‐imidazole‐1‐carbodithioate (BICDT). The polymerization results showed that the process bears the characteristics of controlled/living radical polymerizations, such as the molecular weight increasing linearly with the monomer conversion, the molecular weight distribution being narrow, and a linear relationship existing between ln([M]₀/[M]) and the polymerization time. Chain extension polymerization was performed successfully to prepare block copolymer. Furthermore, the azide copolymers were functionalized by Cu^I‐catalyzed “click” reaction with alkyne‐containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to yield graft copolymers with hydrophilic PEG side chains. Surface modification of the glass sheet was successfully achieved via the crosslinking reaction of the azide copolymer under UV irradiation at ambient temperature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1348–1356, 2010     

Space curve fitting method based on fiber-optic curvature gages

A novel fiber-optic curvature gage, which can measure curvature directly, has been developed in recent years. In order to measure the bending and torsional deformation of space curve shape, an array of looped fiber-optic curvature gages are arranged on two symmetrical surfaces of a flexible layer to form a gage layer system. A calibration method of the gage layer system is proposed. Based on the bending curvature and twist values of space curve structure provided by gage layer system, a moving coordinate system is established by curve tangent and curvature vectors through a differential geometry method. The osculating plane is determined by twist angle in the moving coordinate system. The calculation of curve bending and analysis of the moving coordinate system transformation can be carried out in osculating plane. Then, the space curve is divided into many easily analyzed plane curves. Recursive algorithm is used to obtain the position information of space curve points and the space curve fitting can be realized. The correlative formulas are deduced and the algorithm is validated by a simulation example.     

Controlled/living free‐radical copolymerization of 4‐(azidocarbonyl) phenyl methacrylate with methyl acrylate under 60Co γ‐ray irradiation

A new vinyl acyl azide monomer, 4‐(azidocarbonyl) phenyl methacrylate, has been synthesized and characterized by NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the new monomer has been investigated with FTIR and thermal gravimetry/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), and the monomer has been demonstrated to be stable below 50 °C in the solid state. The copolymerizations of the new monomer with methyl acrylate have been carried out at room temperature under ⁶⁰Co γ‐ray irradiation in the presence of benzyl 1H‐imidazole‐1‐carbodithioate. The results show that the polymerizations bear all the characteristics of controlled/living free‐radical polymerizations, such as the molecular weight increasing linearly with the monomer conversion, the molecular weight distribution being narrow (<1.20), and a linear relationship existing between ln([M]₀/[M]) and the polymerization time. The data from ¹H NMR and FTIR confirm that no change in the acyl azide groups has occurred in the polymerization process and that acyl azide copolymers have been obtained. The thermal stability of the polymers has also been investigated with TG/DTA and FTIR. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 2609–2616, 2007     

Synthesis of cis-1,2-dihaloalkenes featuring palladium-catalyzed coupling of haloalkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls

A highly regio- and stereoselective method for the synthesis of cis-1,2-dihaloalkenes through Pd-catalyzed coupling of haloalkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls has been reported. Excellent stereoselectivities (Z/E up to >98:2) were observed in most cases. This method was subsequently applied to synthesize the functionalized conjugated enyne via the mono-Sonogashira coupling reaction of cis-1-chloro-2-iodoalkene.