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81.
Li Ding Dan Xiao Zong Lu Junjie Deng Yanying Wei Jürgen Caro Haihui Wang 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(22):8720-8726
Membrane‐based reverse electrodialysis (RED) is considered as the most promising technique to harvest osmotic energy. However, the traditional membranes are limited by high internal resistance and low efficiency, resulting in undesirable power densities. Herein, we report the combination of oppositely charged Ti3C2Tx MXene membranes (MXMs) with confined 2D nanofluidic channels as high‐performance osmotic power generators. The negatively or positively charged 2D MXene nanochannels exhibit typical surface‐charge‐governed ion transport and show excellent cation or anion selectivity. By mixing the artificial sea water (0.5 m NaCl) and river water (0.01 m NaCl), we obtain a maximum power density of ca. 4.6 Wm?2, higher than most of the state‐of‐the‐art membrane‐based osmotic power generators, and very close to the commercialization benchmark (5 Wm?2). Through connecting ten tandem MXM‐RED stacks, the output voltage can reach up 1.66 V, which can directly power the electronic devices. 相似文献
82.
基于普鲁士蓝(PB)膜修饰铂电极的葡萄糖传感器的研究 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
在制备PB膜修饰铂盘电极的基础上,利用修饰电极对过氧化氢的电催化还原特性,得到了性能优良的葡萄糖传感器。作者系统地考察了有关修饰膜制备和测试实验条件对传感器性能的影响,结果表明传感器的最佳工作电位是0.05V,测试溶液的最适PH值为6.5,在选定的工作条件下,传感器的检测灵敏度为80nA/mmol.L^-1,线性范围为0.1-5mmol.L^-1,响应时间为1.5min,寿命在1个月以上,表观米氏常数为21mmol.L^-1。本方法制得的传感器能有效消除抗坏血酸,尿酸的干扰,有望用于血液中葡萄糖的直接测定。 相似文献
83.
0IntroductionThereisagreatcurrentinterestforthecrystalengineeringofcoordinationframeworks犤1,2犦,notonlybecauseoftheirpotentialapplicationsaszeolite-likematerialsinmolecularselection,ionexchange,andcatalysis,butalsobecauseoftheirintriguingvarietyofarchitecturesandnewtopologies.Uptonow,themostimportantdrivingforcesincrystalengineeringarecoordinationbondingandhydrogenbondinginteract-ion犤3~5犦.Theuniquedirectionality,strength,andcom-plementaryofnon-covalenthydrogenandcoordinatedbondingplayanimp… 相似文献
84.
85.
Towards a unified recurrent neural network theory: The uniformly pseudo-projection-anti-monotone net
In the past decades, various neural network models have been developed for modeling the behavior of human brain or performing
problem-solving through simulating the behavior of human brain. The recurrent neural networks are the type of neural networks
to model or simulate associative memory behavior of human being. A recurrent neural network (RNN) can be generally formalized
as a dynamic system associated with two fundamental operators: one is the nonlinear activation operator deduced from the input-output
properties of the involved neurons, and the other is the synaptic connections (a matrix) among the neurons. Through carefully
examining properties of various activation functions used, we introduce a novel type of monotone operators, the uniformly
pseudo-projectionanti-monotone (UPPAM) operators, to unify the various RNN models appeared in the literature. We develop a
unified encoding and stability theory for the UPPAM network model when the time is discrete. The established model and theory
not only unify but also jointly generalize the most known results of RNNs. The approach has lunched a visible step towards
establishment of a unified mathematical theory of recurrent neural networks. 相似文献
86.
在相场再结晶模型中提出了形式为 f(ηik,ηjk) = Es (ηide )2 (1-(ηjre)2)的冷变形储能项,并应用该模型模拟了 AZ31镁合金的再结晶过程,模拟结果和实验观测结果符合很好.研究表明, 引入储能释放模型可以实现再结晶形核物理过程的模拟; 模拟结果可以把合金在冷变形后退火的过程按照机理分为再结晶和热晶粒 长大两个阶段,模拟得出的理论再结晶时间是实验再结晶时间的2/3. 考察了冷变形应变大小对形变金属的亚晶粒尺寸和储能的影响机理和 试验结果,并将考察结果代入到改进后的再结晶模拟模型, 成功地再现了一个经典实验结果:随预先应变量的增加, 存在临界应变量对应的一个再结晶晶粒尺寸峰值.同时还给出了 这一经典实验结果的理论解释. 相似文献
87.
Judd--Ofelt analysis of spectra and experimental evaluation of laser performance of Tm3+ doped Lu2SiO5 crystal 下载免费PDF全文
This paper reports that the Tm^3+:Lu2SiO5 (Tm:LSO) crystal is grown by Czochralski technique. The roomtemperature absorption spectra of Tm:LSO crystal are measured on a b-cut sample with 4 at.% thulium. According to the obtained Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ω2=9.3155×10^-20 cm^2, Ω4=8.4103×10^-20 cm^2, Ω6=1.5908×10^-20 cm^2, the fluorescence lifetime is calculated to be 2.03 ms for ^3F4 → ^3H6 transition, and the integrated emission cross section is 5.81×10^-18 cm^2. Room-temperature laser action near 2μm under diode pumping is experimentally evaluated in Tm:LSO. An optical-optical conversion efficiency of 9.1% and a slope efficiency of 16.2% are obtained with continuouswave maximum output power of 0.67 W. The emission wavelengths of Tm:LSO laser are centred around 2.06μm with spectral bandwidth of -13.6 nm. 相似文献
88.
MgxZn1-xO thin films have been prepared on silicon substrates by radio
frequency magnetron sputtering at 60℃. The thin films have hexagonal
wurtzite single-phase structure and a preferred orientation with the c-axis
perpendicular to the substrates. The refractive indices of MgxZn1-xO films
are studied at room temperature by spectroscopic ellipsometry over the wavelength
range of 400--760\,nm at the incident angle of 70℃. Both absorption
coefficients and optical band gaps of MgxZn1-xO films are determined by
the transmittance spectra. While Mg content is increasing, the absorption edges of
MgxZn1-xO films shift to higher energies and band gaps linearly increase
from 3.24.eV at x=0 to 3.90\,eV at x=0.30. These results provide important
information for the design and modelling of ZnO/ MgxZn1-xO heterostructure
optoelectronic devices. 相似文献
89.
This paper investigates the scattering effect of
domestic 0.5 at{\%} ceramic Nd:YAG. An effective method has been
utilized to measure the scattering and absorption coefficients.
An end-pumped continuous wave (CW) Nd:YAG ceramic laser was also
demonstrated. A maximum output power of 6.7~W at 1064~nm was
obtained at an 808-nm pump power of 32.9~W. Conversion efficiency
and slope efficiency have been achieved. This indicates that
scattering has an important effect on the optical performance of
ceramic Nd:YAG. 相似文献
90.
不同光聚焦状态的光击穿声辐射特性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
强激光通过光学系统聚焦于水下时,击穿水介质辐射强声波信号.光学聚焦特性的不同,使得激光击穿区域形状的差异,导致辐射的声信号在强度、频谱特征上具有较大的差异性.为研究不同光聚焦状态对激光击穿形成的空泡辐射声波的影响,推导了不同聚焦状态下激光空泡壁的运动方程及声辐射模型,构建了激光声实验测量系统,实验研究了不同聚焦状态下光击穿导致的空泡脉动参数、辐射声信号特征的差异性.结论:激光声信号强度与激光能量成线性关系,在激光能量高于一定参数情况下,声信号强度变化不大;在低激光功率下,扩束聚焦与非扩束聚焦,辐射的声信号特性差异不大;在高激光功率条件,扩束聚焦击穿形成的空泡半径大于非扩束聚焦击穿,辐射的声信号强度高于非扩束聚焦;为提高激光击穿辐射卢信号效率,应对激光束进行扩束聚焦. 相似文献