Selective detection of cytochrome C by microchip electrophoresis based on an aptamer strategy

The release of cytochrome C (Cyt C) plays an important role in apoptosis. In this study, selective and sensitive detection of Cyt C based on an aptamer strategy coupled with MCE was developed. Following the binding of a specific aptamer to Cyt C, the aptamer exhibited an irregular state, reducing the binding affinity of a fluorescent probe, and thus preventing the aptamer‐Cyt C complexes from detection within the MCE. The height of the detection peak of the residual aptamer linearly decreased, and therefore, the difference in peak height of residual aptamer compared to that of the initial aptamer was used to quantify the captured protein concentration. Experimental conditions such as incubation time, pH, temperature, and ionic strength were optimized. A measurement of Cyt C concentration by MCE was achieved within 135 s, with a limit of detection as low as 0.4 nM. The proposed method has high selectivity and good stability for the detection of Cyt C. The experimental results demonstrate that this method is quick, consumes only a small quantity of sample, is highly selectivity and exhibits high sensitivity.     

高效液相色谱法测定旋复花中槲皮素的含量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定旋复花中槲皮素含量的方法。该方法采用ZORBAX eclipse XDB C8色谱柱(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-磷酸(0.2%),体积比为65∶35,检测波长为370nm。实验结果表明,槲皮素在5.0～100.0μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9999),测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.2%(n=6),平均加标回收率为97.1%。该法可用于测定旋复花中槲皮素的含量。     

从摩尔分数探讨多元酸分级滴定的条件

通过摩尔分数的计算探讨多元酸准确及分级滴定的条件,为多元酸和多元碱的准确滴定及分级滴定提供理论依据。     

Synthesis of linear and V-shaped oligo(phenylene ethynylene) derivatives: geometric effects on photophysical properties

<正>A series of linear and V-shaped oligo(phenylene ethynylene) derivatives 1-3 were synthesized through sequent Sonogashira coupling and propargyl alcohol deprotection reaction in high yields.The alkoxy chains(i.e.,n-hexyloxy groups) were introduced to assure good solubility of compounds 1-3 in common solvents.The photophysical properties of 1-3 in solution depend strongly on the geometries of these compounds.     

溶剂和溶液酸碱性对碳酸钙晶型和形状影响研究

<正>CaCO3主要有三种晶型:方解石,文石和球霰石[1-3],方解石是CaCO3晶体最稳定的晶型,球霰石是最不稳定的,文石的稳定性介于两者之间。在生物矿物中经常发现有文石和方解石的存在,具有结构功能和光学等性能[4],是生物体硬组织中的主要无机成份之一。在珍珠、贝壳、甲壳、动物骨骼等生物组织中CaCO3与少量有机基质(生物大分子)结合,形成具有特定性质的有机/无机杂化材料[5],例如,方解石存在于骨头,牙齿等硬组织中,另外还具有在神经束中的光聚焦功能;     

Quantitative coherence analysis with an X-ray Talbot–Lau interferometer

Differential phase-contrast (DPC) X-ray imaging has been performed in the Talbot–Lau configuration, in which the X-ray source was a combination of an absorption grating and a laboratory X-ray generator. We report here quantitative analysis of partial coherence effects on the X-ray Talbot–Lau interferometer. Based on the visibility of the self-image, the well-known geometry condition is reproduced. It is shown that effects of partial coherence are determined by the opening ratio of the source grating, and that the effects are independent of the Talbot order and the type of the phase grating, a condition quite different from those in a Talbot interferometer. A possible explanation is discussed from the point of view of the effective spatial coherence length. Taking into account the available X-ray flux and experimental fluctuations, we present the optimum opening ratio. Furthermore, we mention that our results can also be successfully used to discuss the properties of a multiline X-ray source.     

Parallelizing of macro-scale pseudo-particle modeling for particle-fluid systems

Particle methods such as SPH (smoothed particlehydrodynamics)[1,2], DEM (distinct-element model)[3],DPD (dissipative particle dynamics)[4— and pseudo- 6]particle modeling (PPM)[7,8] are getting more and morepopular as numerical methods in material science andfluid dynamics, due to their flexibility in simulatingcomplicated phenomena like fluid-solid coupling,multi-phase flow and large deformation and rupture insolid materials. However, a comm…     

Effect of Pluronic F127 on the pore structure of macrocellular biodegradable polylactide foams

Thermally induced phase separation technique was utilized to fabricate biodegradable poly(l ‐lactic acid) (PLLA) macrocellular foams which were capable of being applied in tissue engineering. The block copolymer Pluronic F127 composed of (polyethyleneoxide)‐(polypropyleneoxide)‐(polyethyleneoxide) [(PEO)‐(PPO)‐(PEO)] was used as a porogen. Water/dioxane mixtures with different volume ratios were used as solvents. The addition of Pluronic F127 could induce an appearance of large pores (50–200 μm) besides small pores (10–20 μm) or a change from a solid–liquid phase separation to a liquid–liquid phase separation. The role of Pluronic F127 depends on the water/dioxane ratios in the PLLA/dioxane/water system. The X‐ray diffraction patterns and porosity measurement results showed that Pluronic F127 was crystallized and existed on the pore wall. The effect of Pluronic F127 on changing pore structure is attributed to the occurrence of the interaction of the lipophilic PPO blocks in Pluronic F127 with PLLA clews, consequently, this results in PLLA aggregation and early phase separation on cooling. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Differential expression of the skeletal muscle proteome in mdx mice at different ages

The mdx mouse is the most commonly used animal model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a disease caused by the absence of dystrophin. Although much has been done to elucidate the structure and function of dystrophin and the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex (DGC), little is known about the cascade of molecular events triggered by the absence of dystrophin that lead to muscle degeneration. To study the molecular basis of DMD, we decided to systematically study the skeletal muscle proteome in mdx mice at different ages. By using two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis, we defined changes in the protein expression pattern between mdx and control muscles. Approximately 46 differentially expressed proteins from the cytosolic fraction of mdx hindlimb muscles at three months of age were detected by 2-D gel analysis, of which 24 were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization- mass spectrometry. Most of the proteins fell into five groups of functionally related proteins. These functional categories are (i) metabolism and energy production, (ii) serine protease inhibitor family, (iii) growth and differentiation, (iv) calcium homeostasis, and (v) cytoskeletal reorganization and biogenesis. The potential roles of the differentially expressed proteins are discussed in the context of the mdx phenotype. Finally, we analyzed alterations of protein expression in mdx mice at one and six months of age to determine how protein expression changes with disease progression.     

Influence of organic bases on constructing 3D photoluminescent open metal-organic polymeric frameworks

Four three-dimensional non-interpenetrating open coordination frameworks constructed from the CTC ligand (CTC =cis,cis-1,3,5-cyclohexanetricarboxylate) coordinated to metal ions (Mn(II) and Cd(II)): Mn(3)(CTC)(2)(DMF)(2)(1); Cd(3)(CTC)(2)(H(2)O)(3).H(2)O (2); Cd(3)(CTC)(2)(4,4'-bpy)(2)(EG)(2)(3); Cd(3)(CTC)(2)(mu(2)-hmt)(DMF)(C(2)H(5)OH)(H(2)O).2H(2)O (4)(DMF = dimethylformamide and EG = ethylene glycol) have been synthesized by slow evaporation of DMF-C(2)H(5)OH-H(2)O solutions of M(II)(Mn(II) or Cd(II)) and CTC in the presence of the organic bases TEA (triethylamine), TEA, 4,4'-bpy (4,4'-bipyridine) and hmt (hexamethylenetetramine), respectively, and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. The polymer constructed by CTC and Mn(II) exhibits a 3-D architecture with 5 x 9 A channels; the polymer formed by CTC and Cd(II) exists a 3-D extended framework with 9 x 9 A channels; wave-like sheet subunits of the polymer are upheld by 4,4'-bpy ligands resulting in a 3-D framework with 4 x 10 A channels; two-fold alternate sheet subunits of the polymer are interlinked by mu(2)-hmt ligands to form a novel 3-D architecture with 7 x 8 A channels. Polymers exhibit their strongest excitation peaks at 391, 390 and 394 nm, respectively, and their main strong emission peaks are at 543, 460 (with a shoulder peak at about 570 nm) and 557 nm, respectively.