Kinetics of regioselective acetolysis of epichlorohydrin

The liquid phase acetolysis of epichlorohydrin (ECH) with acetic acid was studied over bentonite clay catalysts and was found to be very active for the selective formation of 1-acetoxy-3-chloro-2-propanol. The reaction followed first order kinetics with respect to epichlorohydrin and obeyed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism.     

考虑公交港湾式停靠的多速混合城市交通流元胞自动机模型研究

在Nagel-Schreckenberg提出的元胞自动机模型基础上,建立了考虑公交车辆和港湾式公交停靠站的多速混合车辆单车道城市交通流元胞自动机模型.通过计算机模拟,给出了随机减速概率、混合车流密度、公交车辆平均停靠时间、公交车辆占有率和港湾式公交车站间距对混合车流速度和流量的影响图.对混合车流的特性进行了分析和讨论. 关键词： 元胞自动机 港湾式公交停靠站 混合交通流模型 计算机模拟     

Load optimal design for a primary test stand facility based on a zero-dimensional load model

In order to couple the numerical simulation of a primary test stand driver with an optimal load design, a zero-dimensional wire array load model is designed based on the Saturn load model using PSPICE, which is an upgraded version of the Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) designed by the ORCAD Corporation to perform circuit simulations. This paper calculates different load parameters and discusses factors influencing the driving current curve. With appropriate driving current curves chosen, further magneto-hydrodynamic calculations are carried out and discussed to provide the best results for experiments. The suggested optimal load parameters play an important role in experimental load design.     

Magnesium complexes incorporated by sulfonate phenoxide ligands as efficient catalysts for ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate

Two novel sulfonate phenol ligands—3,3′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2′‐hydroxy‐5,5′,6,6′‐tetramethyl‐biphenyl‐2‐yl 4‐X‐benzenesulfonate (X?CF₃, L^CF3 ‐H, and X?OCH₃, L^OMe ‐H)—were prepared through the sulfonylation of 3,3′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐5,5′,6,6′‐tetramethylbiphenyl‐2,2′‐diol with the corresponding 4‐substituted benzenesulfonyl chloride (1 equiv.) in the presence of excess triethylamine. Magnesium (Mg) complexes supported by sulfonate phenoxide ligands were synthesized and characterized structurally. The reaction of MgⁿBu₂ with L‐H (2 equiv.) produces the four‐coordinated monomeric complexes ( L^CF3 )₂Mg ( 1 ) and ( L^OMe )₂Mg ( 2 ). Complexes 1 and 2 are efficient catalysts for the ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone (ε‐CL) and trimethylene carbonate (TMC) in the presence of 9‐anthracenemethanol; complex 1 catalyzes the polymerization of ε‐CL and TMC in a controlled manner, yielding polymers with the expected molecular weights and narrow polydispersity indices (PDIs). In ε‐CL polymerization, the activity of complex 1 is greater than that of complex 2 , likely because of the greater Lewis acidity of Mg²⁺ metal caused by the electron‐withdrawing substitute trifluoromethyl (? CF₃) at the 4‐position of the benzenesulfonate group. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 3564–3572, 2010     

Analysis of phospholipase A2 glycosylation patterns from venom of individual bees by capillary electrophoresis/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using an ion trap mass spectrometer

A method based on tryptic digestion, ultrafiltration and capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry (CE/MS) has been developed for the analysis of the glycosylation pattern in the phospholipase A2 (PLA) of individual honeybees. Without reducing the disulfide bonds, PLA was digested with trypsin and filtered with a 3 kDa molecular weight (MW) cut-off membrane. With this procedure, the glycopeptides could be isolated from the nonglycosylated peptides. After tryptic digestion and ultrafiltration, the disulfide bonds were reduced before analysis by CE. To reduce the adsorption, CE separation was performed on successive multiple ionic-polymer (SMIL) polybrene (PB) coated capillary columns. The SMIL-PB columns allowed partial separation of the glycopeptides and eight glycopeptides were identified by on-line coupling of CE with electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. The analysis of phospholipase A2 from the venom of individual bees indicated that the variation and relative abundances of different glycopeptides were similar between the younger and the older bees.     

Investigations of the E-O behavior in the poled polymer waveguide

The electro-optic (E-O) properties of the slab polymer waveguide induced by electric poling have been studied experimentally. The thin film waveguide was prepared by a synthesized polymer polypelargonamide and poled by applying voltage between the electrodes. I–V curves and E-O characteristics of the polymer films were in-situ measured during poling. In order to evaluate the molecular dipole orientation under the poling field, the absorption spectra of this film was observed by FTIR. The E-O performance of the polymer slab film was also estimated by the Mach–Zehnder interferometer.     

A simple method for fabrication of silver-coated sheathless electrospray emitters

A simple and time-saving procedure is proposed for preparing a silver-coated fused-silica capillary tip. The tapered capillary tip was coated with silver using an acrylic-based silver conductive pen. The fabrication of a silver-coated fused-silica capillary tip takes less than 5 minutes. The silver-coated fused-silica capillary tip is rugged and durable for sheathless capillary electrophoresis/electrospray mass spectrometry and also for microspray applications.     

垂直电偶极子在球外侧电磁场的闭合解及验证

给出了理想导体球外侧垂直电偶极子激励电场的闭合解，解决了直接场的级数表达式的不连续性问题.同球外电磁场直接级数求和表达式的计算结果进行了比较.在相同的电磁模型下，利用闭合解对一种近似方法进行了验证：当垂直电偶极子以及场点在球体表面附近并且频率较低时，这两种方法的计算结果非常一致；当垂直电偶极子以及场点不在球体表面附近并且频率较高时，闭合解的计算结果逐渐出现了近似方法未出现的干涉现象.     

Influence of Deviation on Optical Transmission through Aperiodic Superlattices

We propose a deviation model and study the influences of the relative error and sensitivity of a machine on the transmission coefficients （TCs） of Fibonacci superlattices. It is found that for a system with fewer layers, the influence of deviation can be ignored. When superlattices become more complicated, they may be fabricated by a machine with suitable relative error and possess the designed value of TO. However, when the number of system layers exceeds some critical value, superlattices should be manufactured only by precise machines. The influence of the sensitivity is also discussed.     

Measuring Grüneisen Parameter of Lead by High Pressure-Jump Method

Using the technology of pressure jump, variations of temperature associated with pressure from 2.4 GPa to 4.6 GPa are measured for lead. The Grfuneisen parameter is calculated from the thermodynamic relation γ =（Ks/T）（aT/aP）s, in which substitution of △T/△P for aT/aP at median pressure is strictly justified. The correction of temperature change is carried out by analysing the experimental data, which makes the process more approaching to an adiabatic condition. The calculated values of △T/ △ P and γ gradually decrease with the increasing pressure. The decrease trend is consistent with the previous work. The γ values in the range of 2-3 GPa are averagely higher than the results of Ramakrishnan et al., indicating the effect of temperature correction. The improved method is promising for measurements of Grfineisen parameter to higher pressure range.