联二炔囊泡的光致聚合、热致变色及应用

物理化学实验为各大高校本科化学教学的主干实验课程之一。虽然各高校的物理化学实验内容已十分丰富,但仍然缺乏将不同章节知识点融会贯通以及与学科前沿密切联系的综合型实验内容。我们根据南开大学郭东升教授课题组发表的一篇有关联二炔程序性响应检测胆碱酯酶的工作设计了“联二炔囊泡的光致聚合、热致变色及应用”的物理化学实验,涉及到联二炔缔合胶体的制备、联二炔的紫外光致聚合反应和聚联二炔的热致变色,进而显示其在防伪领域的潜在应用价值。希望通过此实验,使学生对物理化学中的缔合胶体、光化学、热力学、动力学等章节有更深一步的贯通性掌握,并了解自组装、光聚合、变色材料和防伪等相关研究领域的前沿动态。     

Aerobic oxidation assisted by ligand-free palladium catalysts

Aerobic oxidation of electron-rich benzylic and phenyl allylic alcohols was achieved with high yields with only 0.1 mol.% of Pd(OAc)2 catalyst in the absence of any ligand. This procedure was expected to be valuable for realistic industrial-scale applications from both economic as well as environmental points of view.     

稀土在鼠肝中的物种分布

采用 ICP-MS、微量蛋白层析分离技术 ,研究了长时间、低剂量混合稀土及短时间、高剂量硝酸镧分别对大鼠及小鼠作用后 ,稀土在鼠肝中的代谢累积及其物种分布 .结果表明 ,鼠肝中各稀土含量随给药剂量的增加而增大 ,其累积速度大小顺序为 La>Ce>Nd>Pr;经柱层析分离未得到与稀土特异结合的鼠肝蛋白 ;稀土可与多种鼠肝蛋白 (包括多种重要的酶 )结合 ,在一定条件下 ,稀土与其结合蛋白可发生解离     

Alkylation of benzene with 1-hexene in acidic ionic liquid systems: Et3NHCl-FeCl3and Et3NHCl-AlCl3ionic liquids

Summary The alkylation of benzene with 1-hexene has been investigated in different triethylamine hydrochloride-ferric chloride (Et₃NHCl-FeCl₃) and triethylamine hydrochloride-aluminium chloride (Et₃NHCl-AlCl₃) ionic liquids. Both high catalyst activity and monoalkylation selectivity were observed for these two type of ionic liquids. Systems prepared by modification with HCl in Et₃NHCl-FeCl₃ionic liquids prove to be very suitable solvents and catalysts for the reaction. When employing Et₃NHCl-AlCl₃ionic liquids as catalysts, the reaction takes place in biphasic mode with facile catalyst separation and catalyst recycling.     

偶合反应化学发光法测定痕量银的研究

本文报道了Ａｇ（Ⅰ）催化ｏ－ｐｈｅｎ和Ｋ４Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６的配位体取代反应与Ｌｕｍｉｎｏｌ－Ｃｕ（ＣＮ）２－４的化学发光反应偶合测定痕量银的方法．方法的线性浓度范围为１×１０－１１～１×１０－７ｇ／ｍＬＡｇ，检出限为４×１０－１２ｇ／ｍＬＡｇ，用于水样分析，结果较为满意     

Concise Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of New Substituted 5‐Isoxazolpenicillins

The synthesis of a series of new 5‐isoxazolpenicillins is described, which were obtained by coupling substituted isoxazoles with 6‐APA. Concise large‐scale synthesis of 3,5‐disubstituted isoxazoles by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition using copper(I) as catalyst was also investigated. Representative compounds were assayed for antimicrobial activities, showing satisfactory antimicrobial activities against Gram‐negative bacteria.     

柠檬酸铝/聚丙烯酰胺胶态分散凝胶反应动力学和机理的研究

采用粘度法研究了柠檬酸铝（AlCit)与部分水解取丙烯酰胺（HPAM）胶态分散凝胶体系的反应动力学。结果表明，胶态分散凝胶体系的交联反应是一级反应。并推导出胶态分散凝胶体系的反应动力学方程。     

Palladium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling Reaction of Allyl Carboxylates,Norbornenes and Diboronates Involving Sequential Olefins Insertion and Borylation Reaction

An efficient Pd‐catalyzed three‐component coupling reaction of allyl carboxylates, norbornenes and diboronates is described, which allows efficient assembly of C(sp³)—C(sp³) and C(sp³)—B bonds in a single process. Moreover, this approach shows advantages of good chemo‐ and regioselectivity, as well as good substrates suitability.     

Intriguing self-assembly of large granules of F-actin facilitated by gelsolin and alpha-actinin

We report microscopic observations and a structural determination of actin granules self-assembled in concentrated solutions of actin filaments (F-actin). Optical microscopy shows reproducible formation of numerous and stable granules of densely packed F-actin of variable sizes on the order of 10 microm. These granules coexist with a uniform network of F-actin of a lower concentration. The microscopic segregation of F-actin into two distinct states is assisted by an actin cross-linking protein, alpha-actinin. The rapid on and off rates and temperature sensitivity of the alpha-actinin/F-actin interaction facilitate the formation of multi-micrometer-sized granules of well-defined shapes. Additional physical factors such as the excluded volume effect and the minimization of surface energy act in concert with the specific molecular interactions to define the intriguing granular formation. Both the biochemical specificity of alpha-actinin and the thermodynamics of phase transitions are required for understanding such large scale self-assembly.